Abazali, belindele ngokulangazelela ukuzalwa komntwana wakhe, bathambekele ekukhathazeni ngempilo yakhe. Ngelishwa, ngamanye amaxesha ukwesaba kwabo kulungile. Esinye sezifo eziqhelekileyo ekusebenziseni ngumntwana ongumntwana kunye nosana olusandulisayo. Abazali abaninzi, beva oku kuxilongwa, bayibona njengesigwebo baze bathuke ngokukhawuleza. Sincoma nokuba siqale ukuqonda intsingiselo yale ngxaki kwaye, kuzo zonke iindleko, ukugcina isimo sengqondo esihle.
Iimbangela kunye neentlobo ze-asphyxia zintsana
I-Asphyxia yinkqubo yesantya ekuphefumulweni kwayo, ekhokelela ekuphuhliseni ukusilela kwe-oxygen. Izibalo zibonisa ukuba malunga ne-70% yabantwana bazalwa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neesitifiketi ze-asphyxia.
Kukhona i-asphyxiation yeentlobo ezimbini:
- eziphambili (kwenzeka ngexesha lokuzalwa);
- okwesibini (ikhula ngosuku lokuqala lobomi lomntwana).
Uphuhliso lwe-asphyxiation ephambili luhlala lukhuthazwa ziziganeko ezinzima. Kungaba:
- i-hypoxia ye-intrauterine (i-acute okanye engapheliyo);
- ukukhathazeka ngokubeleka komntwana;
- ukungahambelani komama kunye nesisu ngokuzibulala;
- ukuphazamiseka okupheleleyo okanye okuncinane kwendlela yokuhamba yomntwana kunye ne-amniotic fluid okanye i-mucus;
- izifo ezingenangqumbo zomama ngexesha lokukhulelwa;
- indlela yokukhulelwa;
- ukungaqhelekanga kwezabasebenzi (iplastiki egxinyiweyo yelungu lomama, ukufakwa okungafanelekanga kwentloko ye-fetal, kwezinye iimeko, intambo yokukhupha).
Phakathi kwezimbangela ze-asphyxia yesibini:
- umphunga wokuzalwa ongumntwana emntwaneni;
- ukusabalalisa kwe-cerebral circulation;
- ingress yokuhlanza kwindawo yokuphefumula;
- ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yesantya yomntwana.
Kwenzeka ntoni nge-asphyxiation?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kubangelwa i-asphyxia, umntwana uqala ngokutshintsha utshintsho lweenkqubo. Kwimeko apho i-hypoxia ye-fetus yenzeke kuqala, kwaye i-asphyxia yintsana ivele, umntwana unokuhlakulela i-hypovolemia. I-Hypovolemia ibonakaliswe ngenguqu ekuhambeni kwegazi. Igazi likhula, i-viscosity iyakhula, iiplatelets kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi zifumana amandla okwandisa amandla.
Engqondweni, entliziyweni, isibindi, izintso kunye neengqungquthela ze-adrenal of the newborn, i-hemorrhages kunye nokuvuvukala ngenxa ye-hypoxia yezicubu zinokufunyanwa.
Ukunciphisa i-peripheral kunye ne-central hemodynamics kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwenani leenqanda zomzimba, uxinzelelo lwegazi luhla.
Inkqubo yokuxilonga iphazamiseka, ekhokelela ekwenzeni ukonakala komsebenzi we-urinary wezintso.
Uphawu oluphambili lwe-asphyxia lwintsana luphulo lwenkqubo yokuphefumula, enokutshintshwa kwintsingiselo yentliziyo kunye noshintsho oluthile kwi-system ye-nervous.
Ukunyamekela ngokukhawulezileyo nokuvuselela iintsana ezisanda kuzalwa kunye ne-asphyxiation.
Ngokukhawuleza, emva kokuzalwa komntwana onokuphefumula, oogqirha be-neonatology mabayihlolisise ngokucophelela ukuba bavavanye imeko kwi-Akhagi ye-Apgar. Bonke abantwana abanjalo badinga ukunakekelwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuphulukiswa kwonyango ngokukhawuleza kuqalisiwe, ukuphakama kwabo kuya kuphakanyiswa. Yonke into iqala ngokufanelekileyo kwigumbi lokuhambisa. Oogqirha kufuneka bamele bajonge iiparitha ezisisiseko zobomi bentsana:
- izinga lentliziyo;
- hematocrit;
- ubude beentshukumo zokuphefumula, ubunzulu babo.
Ngokusekelwe kule data, ogqirha baphetha ukuba
I-Asphyxia yabantwana abasandul 'intsha ingaba nemiphumo enjalo:
- ukuxhamla kunye nokunyaniseka;
- isifo soxinzelelo;
- i-hydrocephalic syndrome;
- iingxaki ze-diencephalic.
Ubungakanani beemiphumo ezinjalo kuxhomekeke kubunzima be-asphyxia edluliselwe kwintsana. Kwaye ukunciphisa ingozi yezi ngxaki kunye nokunyango okufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukubonisana rhoqo neengcali zeprofayili ezifanelekileyo kunconywa.