I-aneshesia yendawo yindawo ye-anesthhesia yezokwelapha, eyona nto ikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza yentswelo (ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu) kwiindawo ezithile ezinqandekileyo zomzimba. Oku kuqinisekiswa ngokukhutshwa kwenkqubo ye-nervous system kumanqanaba athile.
I-anesthesia yendawo yenza ukuba kube lula ukungenelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokugonywa, ukugqoka kunye neenkqubo zokuxilonga. Kule meko, okokuqala iintlungu zithinteka, emva koko ukuvezwa kobushushu, ubuchule obushukumisayo, uvakalelo lwengcinezelo luphazamiseka. Ngokungafaniyo jikelele, kunye ne-anesthhesia yendawo, ukuqonda kunye nokuqonda okujulileyo kubantu.
Iintlobo ze-anesthesia zendawo kunye namalungiselelo abo
Ngokuxhomekeke kwisiza sokuthintela ukusasazeka kwe-nerve impulse, i-anesthesia yendawo ihlukaniswe zibe ziindidi ezininzi.
Ubume (i-terminal) i-anesthesia
Olu hlobo lwe-anesthesia lwendawo lunikezelwa ngokuqhagamshelana ngqo neyeza-anesthetic kunye nezicubu zomzimba. Umzekelo, xa uvula amancinci amancinci, ukupholisa i-anesthesia isetyenziswa. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa iziyobisi ezifana ne-chloroethyl okanye i-ether, apho i-evaporated ebusweni beethambo iholele ekupholiseni kwayo.
Xa kuqhutyelwa imisebenzi kumalungu ombono, amalungu e-ENT, izitho ze-genitourinary system, ubuso besikhumba kunye neembrane zinyango ziphathwa ngongcenkceshelo ngezisombululo ze-anesthetic, okanye iitamponi ezixutywe kwezi zizombululo zisetyenziselwa kwiindawo ezifunekayo. Kule meko, njengesisombululo se-anesthesia yendawo, izisombululo zisetyenzisiweyo:
- novocaine;
- lidocaine ;
- trimecaine;
- kulala, njl njl
Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwe-anesthesia yangaphandle, i-aerosols, iiginses. Ukuba kuyimfuneko yokwenza i-trachea kunye ne-bronchi i-anestheti, i-aspiration-usetyenziso-ukufakwa kwesilwanyana ngekathetha.
I-anesthesia yokungena ngaphakathi kwendawo
Olu hlobo lwe-anesthesia lwenziwa ngokufakela izicubu ezinomzimba onobungozi kwindawo ekuya kwenziwa ngayo uphando. Ngaloo ndlela, iimpawu zesibindi zivaliwe ngenxa yokuqhagamshelana ngqo kunye nokuphela kweentsimbi.
I-anesthesia yokungena emzimbeni inokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Enye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo ukuqaliswa kwesakhelo sesisombululo se-novocaine intradermally kunye nenaliti encinci kwixesha elizayo. Kule meko, ukuxothwa kwamathambo amancinci kunye neeperipher receptors zifezekiswe.
I-anesthesia yengingqi
I-anesthesia yesithili, ebandakanya ukuqaliswa kwe-anesthetic kwindawo esondelene nesigxina esikhulu senzwa okanye i-plexus, ihlulwe kwii-subspecies ezinjalo:
- umqhubi;
- i-epidural;
- intambo yomthambo ;
- intravascular.
Ezi ndlela ze-anesthesia zisetyenziselwa kwiizinyo zamathambo, kwimisebenzi yezitho zangaphakathi (isisu, i-spleen, i-gall bladder, njl.), Kwizitho, kunye ne-fractures, njl. Izicombululo zisetyenziswa kakhulu:
- novocaine;
- ephedrine;
- bupivacaine;
- ropivacaine.
Ingaba i-aneshesia yendawo yingozi?
Nangona ukusetshenziswa kwe-anesthesia yasekhaya, kuquka nekhaya, i-anesthesia enjalo ingakhokelela kwiimpendulo ezininzi ezingafunekiyo kunye neengxaki:
- intloko;
- iimpendulo ezithintekayo;
- isicefe
- ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo;
- zixhala;
- ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo;
- ukuphefumula, njl njl
Nangona kunjalo, ukuthelekisa olu hlobo lwe-aneshesia kunye ne-anesthesia jikelele, umntu unokufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba i-anesthesia yendawo ikhuselekileyo kwaye iyamkeleka.