Ukuba uceba ukuba nomntwana, ungakhohlwa ukuba ukukhulelwa luvavanyo olunzulu kakhulu kumzimba wesifazane. Ikamva elizayo liyakwazi ukwandisa izifo ezingapheliyo, ukunciphisa ukhuseleko kwaye loo ntokazi iya kuba yintsholongwane kwizifo ezazisasazekayo, ezininzi zazo zibe yingozi enkulu kwimpilo yengane engakazalwa.
Ukubetha kwi-HIV
Ngaphandle kwinqanaba lokulungiselela ukukhulelwa, ugqirha unokukunikelwa ukuba uthathe uvavanyo lwegazi kuma-antibodies ukuya kwi-TORCH-infections (rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus). Ezi zifo zibeka ingozi enkulu kumntwana. Zinefuthe elibi kwinkqubo kunye namalungu omntwana, ngokukodwa, kwinkqubo yeentaba, okwandisa umngcipheko wokukhulelwa kwesisu, ukuzalwa komntwana ofileyo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwintsana. Usulelo olusisiseko lwaloo sulelo ngumfazi okhulelweyo luya kubangela isidingo sokukhipha isisu. Kodwa ukuba izifo ezinqamlekileyo ukusuleleka kwi-igazi zifunyenwe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, ngoko umfazi angakwazi ukuba ngumama, abayikrokrele umntwana.
Kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba kwigazi lomfazi okhulelweyo kukho izixhobo zokulwa ne-rubella, ngoko ke ukuba akukho nokhuseleko kwesi sifo okanye ukuba i-antibody titer (inombolo) iphantsi ngexesha lokukhulelwa, khuthaza ukugonywa ade umfazi ekhulelwe.
Igazi lamagciwane okulwa ne-TB-infections inikezelwa ngeveki ye-8 yokukhulelwa. Ekubeni kwintsholongwane ye-IgM, sinokuthetha ngezifo eziqhubekayo. Ukuba i-IgG antibodies itholakala egazini, oko kubonisa ukuba lo mfazi usulelekile ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, kwaye usulelo aluyingozi kumntwana.
Iingxabano zeRhesus kunye neengxaki zokulwa
Ukuvela kwe-Rh-impikiswano kunokwenzeka ukuba i-Rh inkalo yomama kunye ne-fetus ayihambelani. Kwimeko apho umntwana unesisindo esihle, ukuxhatshazwa kwe-rhesus-mpikiswano iphezulu kakhulu kuneemeko ezichaseneyo kwaye iziphumo zibi kakhulu.
Ngengxaki engafanelekanga yeRhesus yegazi lomama wesikhathi esizayo, kunye ne-positive kwi-father, ukuvela kwe-Rh-impikiswano kunye nomntwana, i-75% yamatyala iyabonwa. Egazini lomfazi, izixhobo zokukhusela ziqala ukuveliswa, ezingena egazini lomntwana, zonakalisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Umntwana uqala ukungabi ne-oxygen kwaye unokuhlakulela isifo se-hemolytic. Umntu okhulelwe kule meko uhlala edlulisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngamagciwane. Ukuba inani le-antibodies liyakhula, oku kubonisa ukuqaliswa kwe-Rhesus-conflict kunye namanyathelo angxamisekileyo kufuneka athathwe. Abafazi abakhulelwe banikwa i-antirezus immunoglobulin kwiinyanga ezi-7 zokukhulelwa kunye neentsuku ezintathu emva kokuzalwa.
Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, kungekhona nje ukuxabana kweRhesus kunye neqela legazi elingenakwenzeka, kodwa kunye ne-rhesus efanayo, kodwa amaqela egazi ahlukeneyo nabazali, kunakho ukuxabana kwe-Rh.
Kuyiphi enye into eyenza i-antibodies ihambisa igazi xa ukhulelwa?
Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, unokuthatha iimvavanyo kwizifo ezithintekayo kwizifo ezinzulu kakhulu - isifo se-HIV, i-HIV, i-hepatitis, i-chlamydia isifo, ureaplasmosis. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa kabini - kwisigaba sokuqala sokukhulelwa nangomhla wokuzalwa.
Kwiimeko ezizodwa xa uceba ukukhulelwa, ugqirha uya kukunika ukuba uhlalutye i-antibodies kwisidoda somyeni, ingakumbi ukuba ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili kugqityiwe ngamathambo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-antisperm antibodies ayikho.
Kakade le ayiyinkqubo enomdla kakhulu-ukunikela ngegazi iimvavanyo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba nexesha lokukhusela izifo ezinzulu kunye nemiphumo yazo kumntwana ongakazalwa. Ngenxa yoko kuyafaneleka isigulane esincinci kwaye uhlalise impilo yakho yomntwana.