Kukho uluvo lokuba i-urologist ithatha kuphela "izifo" zesifo. Nangona kunjalo, le mbono iphosakeleyo. Enyanisweni, umsebenzi wale ngcali uhlose ukufunyanwa kunye nokunyanga okulandelelweyo kwindlela yokuvuthwa kwamagciwane kumadoda kunye nabasetyhini. Ewe, kwaye ukufunwa kweenkonzo zayo kunakho nawuphi na ubudala.
Ngubani orologist kwaye uyayiphatha?
Olu lathiso lwamayeza aluxhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo nakwabanye: zibandakanya abantwana, i-andrology kunye ne-gynecology. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ngubani urologist kunye noko akwenzayo. Kwinkonzo yale ngcali, ubuncinane kanye kanye ebomini, wonke umntu uhlalisa. Iindidi zeemeko zempilo apho lo ugqirha unceda ukuhlangabezana nazo zinkulu. Nantsi into eyenziwa ngu-urologist:
- I-Cystitis isifo esibangelwa ngumsebenzi we-bacteria ye-pathogenic.
- Urethritis - i-pathogens yayo i-chlamydia, izifo zentsholongwane kunye no-E. coli.
- I-Pyelonephritis isifo sesifo sengculazi esichaphazela i- pelal pelvis.
- Urolithiasis - inokuchaphazela i-urethra, ureters, izintso kunye nesibindi.
- I-prostate adenoma - isigulo sivame ukuxilongwa kumadoda emva kweminyaka engama-40.
- Izifo ze-oncological.
Ukongezelela, i-urologist iyakhathazeka ngengozi kunye neziphoso zomntwana zesimo se-urrogenital. Ngenxa yokuba lunjalo uluhlu olukhulu lwezifo eziphathelele kule ndawo yonyango, kunengqiqo ukugqiba ukuba ugqirha unokuba nolwazi oluncinci:
- ugqirha ojongene neengxaki ze-urogynecological;
- ingcali eyanceda ukujamelana nezifo "zesilisa";
- ugqirha labantwana (uhlola abafana kunye namantombazana);
- urologist-surgeon;
- oncologist;
- ugqirha ngeengcali zonyango (ubuchule bakhe bonyango lwabantu asebekhulile).
Ugqirha-urologist
Lo ugqirha wenza uviwo olunzulu lwesigulane kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uqhuba utyando. Ukuqonda ukuba ngubani urologist-surgeon, ncedisa iingxaki ezibhekiswe kule ngcali:
- ubukho bamaziko angaphandle (amatye) kwinkqubo ye-genitourinary;
- ukuzalana nokuzalwa kwamalungu omzimba;
- ukuvutha okungapheli njalo njalo.
Urologist-oncologist
Iinkonzo zalo gqirha zifunwa kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuba ngubani urologist kunye nento ayenzayo ukuyilungisa ngexesha kwaye ungayinyuli ingxaki kwiimeko ezibukhali. Ingcali ye-oncologist ithatha izifo ezinjalo:
- umdlavuza weprotate;
- isisu ;
- iindlela ezintle kunye nezimbi kwi-itekisi;
- umhlaza wesisu kunye nokunye.
Urologist-andrologist
Lo ugqirha ugxile ekwenzeni unyango lwezifo "zesilisa". Kumgqirha onjalo abameleli besini esomeleleyo baphatha iingxaki zabo ezintle, kuba bayazi ukuba ngubani urologist ngu-andrologist kwaye uyaqiniseka ukuba uya kubanceda. Lo ugqirha ugxile kwizifo ezinjalo:
- I-prostate adenoma - ibizwa ngokuba yi-prostatic hyperplasia. Kuza kubekho, akukho sizathu esinokuthenjelwa sokuba kutheni ama-nodules apha. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba esi sifo esihlobene nesizukulwana.
- I-Vesiculitis yintlupheko apho ukuvuvukala kwe-vesicles ye-seminal kuyabonwa. Uchaphazelekayo ngabo baneengxaki emsebenzini we-immune system, kunye namadoda aphila ngendlela yokuphila.
- I-Epididymitis isifo apho isifo sithintela i-epididymis.
- Ukungabikho kwempilo kubangelwa ukuhamba kakuhle okanye umthamo omncinci we-spermatozoa.
- I-Condylomatosis - ubukho beemfazwe kwi-anus.
- Isifo se-Varikotsele - venousous, apho iinqwelo zentambo ye-spermatic yanda.
- Ukungasebenzi - kunciphise umsebenzi wesondo.
Xa udibana no-urologist?
Uninzi lwabantu lujonge ekutyelele kulo gqirha, ukuzama ukulungisa ingxaki yabo yezempilo ngokwabo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuziphilisa kuyingozi ngenxa yokuba kuphucula imeko: ixesha lilahlekile kwaye isifo sikhula ukusuka kwifom elula ibe yinto enzima. Ezi zilingo zingaphelelwa kakubi. Urologist unamava amaninzi. Uya kuqhuba ngokukhawuleza ukuhlolwa ukuze aqiniseke ukuba inyaniso yesifo sokuxilongwa, kunye nokunika unyango olufanelekileyo.
Kubalulekile ukuba bobabini abasetyhini kunye namadoda bazi ukuba urologist uyayiphatha njani, kwaye ukuba bafumana iimpawu zokuqala ezisolisayo, zuza uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Izimpawu eziphazamisayo kunokwenzeka ukuba zithwale oku:
- ukucola okubuhlungu;
- ubukho begazi okanye i-pus kumchamo;
- ukungabikho ;
- ukuchama okungaqheleki okanye okuqhelekileyo;
- ukuvuvukala ubuso kunye nemida;
- uvakalelo lwe-bladder overflow;
- ukunciphisa kwisifiso sesini (kwisondo esomeleleyo);
- intlungu kwi-perineum;
- kubetha kakhulu kwindawo yesini;
- i-ejaculation ngaphambi kwexesha kumadoda;
- ukukhutshwa komsi ococekileyo kwi-urethra;
- i-rezi eqinile kwisisu.
Ingaba urologist ufumana njani?
Umsebenzi oyintloko wale nkcupheko ukuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo nokunika unyango olufanelekileyo. Ukufunyanwa kwe-urologist imelwa yinkqubo yeenkqubo, ezinokuthi zithathwe ngokwemimiselo yenkqubo yokugunyaza kunye neyongeziweyo. Okokuqala kubandakanya:
- ukuqokelela ulwazi-ukufunda isiganeko sempilo yesigulane nokuphulaphula izikhalazo zakhe;
- umlinganiselo wokushisa komzimba;
- kuhlolwa;
- i palpation;
- ukuba uyakrokrela i-pathology yeentso, ukubethelwa kwabo kwenziwa.
Iimviwo ezongeziweyo zonyulwa ngugqirha, ngokusekelwe kwisini somzimba, isifo kunye nokuxilonga. Ukuqonda ukuba ngubani ugqirha we-urologist, kubalulekile ukulungiselela ngokufanelekileyo ukutyelela kule ngcali. Ngenxa yoko, izigulane zabantu abadala kufuneka zilandele izi ngcebiso:
- Kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutyelela lo gqirha kufuneka kukhuphe ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngexesha loviwo logqirha kulo kukho inani elithile lomlambo laqokelelwa.
- Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokubhalwa kweemviwo, kuyimfuneko ukunqanda ukuvuthwa kokutya nokunyuka kwemveliso yegesi. Iquka iklabishi, isiqhamo, iipesele, iimveliso zobisi, isinkwa esimnyama njalonjalo. Umlinganiselo onjalo ujoliswe ekufumaneni ulwazi olunokwethenjelwa nge-ultrasound of the kidneys, njengoko ukunyaniseka kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwedatha.
- Ngenye imini ngaphambi kokutyelela ugqirha, amadoda kufuneka ayeke ukulala ngesondo, njengoko anokukwenza kube nzima ukuqokelela iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko.
- Imigaqo yococeko lomntu kufuneka ibonwe. Oku kubandakanya ukuthamba ngaphambi kokutyelela ugqirha nokutshintsha iimpahla zangaphantsi.
- Kubalulekile ukuba uzilungiselele ngokuziphatha ngenxa yeendlela ezizayo.
Uhlolo lobunzima
Uphononongo olunjalo luyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke ekubeni isiguli siyindoda okanye umfazi. Nantsi into eyenziwa ngu-urologist ukujonga isondo esinamandla:
- uvavanya imeko ye-scrotum kunye nee-testes;
- uhlola i-lymph nodes kwi-groin;
- uhlolisisa ulusu olusondeleyo lwezesondo;
- uhlola i-prostate gland;
- uvavanya umlo kunye nobukhulu bepenisi;
- ngokubethelwa kwinqanaba lichonga isimo seentso.
Ukuhlolwa kwabafazi kuqhutyelwa kwisihlalo sobubele. Nantsi oko uvavanyo lwe-urologist kubafazi:
- imeko yomntu wangaphandle;
- uqhuba uviwo lwe-urethra;
- i-palpates indawo yezintso kunye nesibindi.
Uhlalutya kwi-urology
Ukufumana umfanekiso onokwethenjelwa kwimeko yesigulane, ugqirha unokuncoma ukuba umntu ophendukele kuye uqhube kwiinkalo ezongezelelweyo zelabhoratri kunye neengcali. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwi-urology kuyaphela:
- eziqhelekileyo;
- biochemical;
- ukufumanisa i-antichistosomias egazini;
- nkcazo ya bahloli;
- isifundo soxinzelelo lwe testosterone egazini.
Ukongezelela, ezo zifundo zingabelwa:
- ukuhlwayela ukukhulelwa kwamanzi;
- Uhlalutyo jikelele lomchamo;
- spermogram;
- i-cystoscopy ye-bladder;
- MRI.
Iingcebiso ze-Urological
Ukuthintela ukugqithiswa kwengxaki, kufuneka uqhagamshelane neengcali xa kubonakala iimpawu zokuqala eziphazamisayo. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuba rhoqo uhlolisise ugqirha kwaye ulandele zonke iingcebiso ze-urologist. Oku kusebenza kuqala kulabo bantu abanesabelo esiza kuzaliswa kwezifo ze-genitourinary system, kunye nabantu abanomsebenzi wabo obangela ukubonakala kwezinto ezinjalo.
Iingcebiso ze-Urologist zabasetyhini
Kulula kakhulu ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwesifo kunokulwa nalo emva koko. Oku kuya kunceda iingcebiso ezilandelayo:
- Kubalulekile ukukhusela i-hypothermia. Ebusika kubalulekile ukuba ugqoke ngokufudumele. Ehlobo, i-subcooling inokwenzeka xa ibhada emanzini abandayo. Kwakhona, awukwazi ukuhlala kwimpahla enomdaka okanye iimpahla ixesha elide, ngoko emva kokuba ulandele inkqubo yamanzi kufuneka utshintshe kwiingubo ezomileyo.
- Kubalulekile ukushiya imikhwa emibi.
- Ukutya kufuneka kube ngumgangatho kunye nokulinganisela.
- Kubalulekile ukwenza umzimba owenzelwe ukuqinisa ii-organ ze-pelvis ezincinci kunye nezihlunu ze-perineum.
Iingcebiso ze-Urologist zamadoda
Ukuze ugweme ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezinzulu, ngenxa yesondo esinamandla, ukutyelela kule ngcali kufuneka kube yinto evamile. Yonke into ephilisa ngayo i-urologist inokuthintela, ukukhusela ukuba kwenzeke kunye nokugqithisa ngakumbi kwengxaki. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuphulaphula isincomo sale ngcali. Iingcebiso ze-urologist ze-andrologist zilandelayo:
- Ubusuku obuhle bokulala.
- Ukuzilolonga.
- Ukutya okufanelekileyo.
- Ubomi besondo rhoqo.
- Unokuzithuthuzela, kungekhona ukucoca iimpahla ezenziwe kwiingubo zendalo.
- Ukuqwalasela ukucoceka kobuqu kunye nokunye.