Xa iseli lilahlekelwa ukukwazi ukwenza ngokukhethekileyo kwaye iqalise ukwabelana ngokungalawulwayo, iifom ezintsha zivela kwindawo yazo. Kwizintso azinqabile, kodwa zithathwa njengengozi kakhulu. Ukufumana unyango oluchanekileyo lwaloo maqhinga, kubalulekile ukuchonga ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, qinisekisa uhlobo lwamaqoqo eselula.
Amanqamzana enamaqhina - Ukwahlula
Phantse i-90% yeeplastiki ezingabonakaliyo kule nxalenye zibuhlungu. Iintlobo zeengxaki zeentliziyo ze-Benign zingabi yingozi, kuba zilungele ukukhula ngokukhawuleza nokwandiswa. Oku kuphazamisa umonakalo kunye nomonakalo olandelayo kwimithambo yegazi, ukuphela kweentliziyo kwi-urinary system, kubangele ukuphuma kwegazi kunye neentlungu ezinzima.
Olunye ucuba lweentso luhlelwe ngokwemvelaphi yalo - i-parenchyma okanye i-pelvis. Kwimeko yokuqala, ezi zilandelayo ziyaziwa:
- fibroangiosarcoma;
- i-renal cell carcinoma;
- lipoangiosarcoma;
- ixubile iWilms;
- myoangiosarcoma.
I-Benign parenchymatous neoplasms:
- lipoma;
- adenoma;
- hemangioma;
- i-myxoma;
- fibroma;
- angiomyolipoma;
- myoma;
- i-oncocytoma;
- i-dermoid;
- lymphangioma.
Izidumbu ezibi zikhula kwi-pelvis:
- squamous cell carcinoma;
- umhlaza wesifo somhlaza;
- sarcoma;
- i-cell cell carcinoma.
- Ubunzima beBenign:
- angioma;
- papilloma;
- leiomyoma.
Ukuxhamla kweentso - iimpawu, iimpawu
Ekuqaleni kokukhula kwe-neoplasm, izibonakaliso zekliniki azikho okanye zingabalulekanga ukuba zihlala zingekho ngaphandle kweengqalelo. Ziyabonwa xa isifo seengso sifunde kwaye sikhula ngobukhulu - iimpawu zingabonakali kwaye zifana nezinye izifo. Ngokubonakala kancinci kancinci kwiphondo lumbar, kubalulekile ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza kwi-nephrologist ukuxilongwa.
Isifo seengso zeBenign
Iqela elichazwe li-neoplasms alisoloko lihamba kunye nayiphi na impawu, ngokukodwa zifunyanwe ngengozi ngexesha le-ultrasound. Isithomo seklinikhi esichazwayo sinokuthi sibe khona xa isifo sezintso ezinobunzima sineempawu:
- ngxinzelelo lwegazi;
- igazi kumchamo;
- ukuguquka okanye ukuphazamisa intlungu emva kwelinye icala, ngokuqhelekileyo ukushiya emthangeni okanye kubuhlungu;
- varicocele;
- ukuphulwa komkhuhlane.
Ngamanye amaxesha i-tumor isifo sifinyelela kubukhulu obubonakalayo. Kubukeka ngathi i-bump ikhupha ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Umbala we-epidermis ngokubunjwa okungenakuguquka ayitshintshi. Iimpahla ezinjalo zilula kunye neentlungu ezingenangxaki kunye neminwe, ingakumbi ukuba ugoba kancane kwiqumrhu elichaphazelekayo okanye ugobo olunqeni.
I-neoplasm eyingozi yeengso
Zonke ezi zibonakaliso zeendlela ezinobungqina zingabonisa ubungqina bokukhula komhlaza. Ukongezelela, ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliso zekliniki:
- ukhathala nobuthathaka;
- ukulahleka kwesisindo;
- colic renal;
- ukuphazamiseka okanye ukulahleka kwesidlo;
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi;
- ukwanda kwisebusuku yomzimba ukuya kuma-37-38 degrees;
- isantya se-erythrocytes ephezulu;
- polycythemia;
- umonakalo ocacileyo kwizitho zangaphakathi (ngenxa yeemitha zesistim kwiisahlulo zeeseli ezibi).
Ngaphandle koxilongo lwezobuchwepheshe, akunakwenzeka ukuba i-tumor isifo siphumelele-iimpawu kunye nokonyango lwe-pathology ekubhekiselele kuyo kuxhomekeke ngqo kwiimeko zesisu. Uphononongo kunye nonyango lwaluphi na uhlobo lweenkqubo zokuvuthwa kwamanzi zilawulwa ngabagqirha ababini, i-urologist kunye nephrologist. Xa ufumanisa ukuqokelelwa kakubi kweeseli ezingafihliweyo, umntu kufuneka abonisane nengcali ye-astrologist.
Ukuxhamla kweengtso - ukuxilongwa
I-Ultrasound kunye ne-tomography ekhompyutheni zifundo eziphambili kunye nezifundo zonxibelelwano ezinokukhankanywa kwe-neoplasm. Banceda ukufumanisa i-tumor ye-kidney encinci kwiindawo zokuqala zokukhula. Ngamanye amaxesha i-nephroscintigraphy iyenziwa kwakhona-umboniso ocacileyo wequmrhu ngokusebenzisa ikhamera ye-gamma kunye nokuqaliswa kwangaphambili kwenkqubo yokwenza i-radioactive.
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo somhlaza kungabandakanya ezi zilandelayo zifundo:
- i-imagination yamagnetic imaging nge-ejenti eyahlukileyo;
- kavografiya;
- i-aortography;
- i-aralographyography ye-renal;
- ukugqithisa i-biopsy.
Izakhiwo ezinobungozi zidibanisa kwaye zibangele ukuphazamiseka kweenkqubo, ngoko ke uludwe lweendlela zokuxilonga luquka:
- i-radiography yemiphunga;
- ukuhlalutya kwegazi kunye nomchamo;
- i-tomography yekrele kunye nomgudu.
Ukuxhamla kwiintso - yintoni oyenzayo?
Amaqhinga okuphatha izigulane ezi ngxaki zixhomekeke kwimeko yemida. Isisu esinesifo esincinci esingangabangeli naziphi na iimpawu, asinakukwazi ukukhula kunye nokuguqulwa komhlaba, kuxhomekeke kuphela ekuhlolweni nasekuhloleni rhoqo kwe-ultrasound. Izakhiwo ezinkulu eziphazamisa ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yokucima umbane okanye ezinokukwazi ukuguqula umgangatho wazo kuya kufuneka zisuswe.
Le meko iyanzima ukuba i-tumor ebulalayo yeengso ifunyaniswa-unyango kulo mzekelo lukhethwe ngabanye kumntu ngamnye ocingayo:
- jikelele jikelele wendalo;
- isigaba somhlaza;
- ubukho kunye nenani leemastastases;
- ubungakanani kunye nendawo yesikhumba;
- izifo ezingapheliyo;
- umlinganiselo wonakalo ekujoliswe kuwo kunye nezinye izikhombisi.
I-chemotherapy yama-classical kunye ne-radiation exposure ayifanelekanga kumhlaza wesifo. Zisetyenziselwa kuphela izicubu ezingenakusebenza njengemilinganiselo exhasa umgangatho wobomi besigulana esingenakuphiliswa. Ukongezelela, isicatshulwa semithi sikhankanywe - i-immunomodulators (i-alpha-interferon, i-interleukin-2 kunye ne-5-fluorouracil) kunye neyonyango ye-hormone (oxyprogesterone).
Ugqirha ukususa iintso ngesisu
Ingenelelo yokuphanda ingabandakanya ukuchaneka kwendlela yokwenza imfuyo ngokwayo kunye neendawo ezincinci zezicubu eziseduze okanye ukususwa kwelungu lonke. Umlinganiselo kuphela wokukhetha ukuba yeyiphi intsebenzo eya kwenziwa kwiintso isisu kunye neempawu zayo. I-nedicrectomy yama-Radical (ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kwelungu kunye nezakhiwo ezikufutshane) kwenziwa xa i-neoplasm inezinye zezi ndawo ezilandelayo:
- ukugula;
- bukhulu kakhulu;
- indawo ekufutshane neenqanawa ze-renal;
- ezininzi zeemitha;
- ukukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Isigqibo sokugqibela malunga nokuqeshwa kohlobo lwenkqubo lwenziwa ngumdlali weengcali. I-non-guitar-related guitar ishukumisela ukuba umntu ukhubaze, kodwa kwezinye iimeko iingenelelo ezivulelekileyo zindlela yokunyusa ubomi bomguli kunye nokuthintela umonakalo omkhulu kwaye ungenakuphungulwa kwiindawo ezijoliswe ngumhlaza - ingqondo, impompo nemiphunga.
I-Laparoscopy yesifo sentso
Ukuhlinzwa ngenyameko kwenziwa ngezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezincinci ngokusebenzisa iiplctures ezincinci kwindonga yesisu. Kunconywa ukuba isifo sezintso ezinobuncinane besayizi encinci, ukuba ukuqokelelwa kweentloko zezilwanyana akuxhomeke ekuhlaleni kuya kuba ngumhlaza kunye nokukhula. Olu hlobo lokuphathwa ngokugqithisileyo luqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwelungu kunye nokubuyela ngokukhawuleza kwesigulane kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo. Ngethuba lokusebenza, i-tumor yeentso kunye noqweqwe oluncinci lwee-tissue ezizungezile zisuswa. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukuphinda kwakhiwe kwakhona izakhiwo zeselula.
Ukubuyiselwa emva kokususwa kweentso ngesifo somhlaza
Ngenxa ye-unilateral nephrectomy, ilungu lesibini elidibeneyo lithatha yonke imithwalo ye-urinary system. Umsebenzi oyintloko womntu ojongene nale nkqubo ingentla ukugcina imisebenzi yezintso eziphilileyo. Kunconywe:
- ukuqina kwamanzi;
- uhambo lokuhamba kwansuku zonke;
- ukucinywa kwe-supercoolings;
- ukukhuselwa kuzo zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- iimviwo rhoqo kunye nephrologist okanye urologist.
Ukutya emva kokususwa kweentso ngesisu kufuneka kufake ukutya okudliwayo kunye nomxholo weeprotheni ophantsi. Isiseko sesondlo si:
- iintlobo ezincinane zeoli kunye nenyama;
- isonka sesonka;
- iimveliso zobisi ezinomuncu;
- iziqhamo kunye nemifuno.
Zonke izitya zityhulwa, ziphekiweyo, zitshiswa okanye zibhaka. Kubalulekile ukuba ungabandakanyi ngokupheleleyo:
- iimveliso zokutshaya;
- ukukhethwa;
- ukutya okusemgangathweni;
- ukutya okuthosiweyo kunye namafutha.
Ukuxhamla kwi-intenethi yeengtso
Ukusebenza kwonyango kuhlolwa kwixesha eliyiminyaka emihlanu yokusinda. Ukuba i-neoplasm ifunyenwe kumanyathelo okuqala, i-70-80%. Ukuba iimvumba zengqumbo zibandakanyeka kwinkqubo, isibonakaliso sinciphisa ukuya kuma-40-60%. Xa i-lymph node zengingqi zichaphazeleka, i-5-20%. Kwimigangatho emva yophuhliso lomhlaza, izibikezelo zibi kakhulu, i-95% yezigulane ziyafa zingakapheli iminyaka emihlanu emva kokuphela kwe-nephrectomy. Ukuhlola okuchanekileyo kubalulekile ukudibana nodokotela ukuba i-tumor isifo esibuhlungu ifunyenwe-bangaphi abantu abahlala nokuxilongwa okunjalo, ingcali iza kuphendula ngokuchanekileyo.