Oomama abanomso banikeza iimvavanyo ezininzi: ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele ngokukhulelwa, izifo, izixhobo zokuhlola umchamo, i-vaginal smear, i-ultrasound kunye nabanye. Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunikwa xa ibhinqa lifakwa kwirejista kwaye iziphumo zalo zinika ingcamango yomsebenzi wezitho zomama ozayo. Baza kubonisa ukuba ziphi iimveliso ezifunekayo kumama ozayo.
Uhlalutyo lwegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokutolika kwalo
Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo, ugqirha wenza ingxelo yokuhlolwa kwegazi. Kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo, izinga lama-hormone elichaphazela umxholo wezinto ezininzi ezahlukileyo kwigazi liguquka kwigazi. Mhlawumbi ukuncipha okanye ukunyuka okuncane kumanqanaba e-glucose, edibene nomsebenzi we-hormonal we-placenta. Umthamo wokujikeleza kwegazi ukwanda kwaye oku kubangela ukwehla kwinqanaba le-hematocrit kunye ne-hemoglobin, kwaye kunokukhokelela ukwanda kwe-ESR. Inani le-leukocytes, elimiselwe ukulungiswa kwe-immune system, linokunyuka. Ukuvavanywa kwezibonakaliso ze-biochemical kubalulekile ukuxilongwa kwezilwanyana kwizibeleko ezikhulelweyo.
Cinga ngeendlela eziphambili zokuhlalutya kwegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa:
- iprotheni epheleleyo- impawu zeprotheni yamanzi, ebonisa inani leeprotheni egazini. Xa ukhulelwe, eli nani lingancipha (55-65 g / l endaweni ye-63-83 g / l). Iprotheni iphakama xa igazi linyanyisiwe kwaye lidityaniswe ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kombane;
- lipids (amafutha) . I-cholesterol ibonakaliso ebaluleke kakhulu ye-lipid metabolism. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, ukwanda komzimba kwi-index ye-cholesterol (ukusuka kwi-3.15-5.8 ukuya ku-6.0-6.2 mmol / l) inokwenzeka, ichazwe yinyuka ekuvelweni kwexesha elide (eliveliswe sisibindi) i-cholesterol, eyimfuneko ekwakheni iinqanawa zomntwana kunye ne-placental;
- i-glucose yinxalenye yomsebenzi obalulekileyo kunye nomthombo wamandla kwiiseli zomzimba. Kwabesetyhini abakhulelweyo, ukwehla kwe-glucose (3.5-4.0 mmol / L ngesantya se-3.9-5.8 mmol / l) kunokwenzeka ngenxa yesidingo sokuba umntwana okhulayo kwi-glucose. Ukwanda kwe-glucose kunokwenzeka nge-gestational diabetes (isifo sikashukela sabasetyhini abakhulelweyo). Ngoko ke, bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo kwiiveki ezingama-24-28 banconywa ukuba baqhube i-blood glucose test.
- alanine aminotransferase (ALT) - isiqhelo ukuya ku-32 U / l. I-Aspartate aminotransferase (UMTHETHO) - ngokuqhelekileyo ukuya ku-30 U / l. Ukwanda kancinci kumanqaku kuyimpawu yegestosis yobunzima obuphakathi kunye nobumnene. Ukwanda kwe-ALT (i-100 IU / L) kunye ne-AST (i-160 IU / L) ifana ne-gestosis eninzi kwaye ibonisa ukuba isibindi asimelana nomthwalo;
- Iphakamileyo ye-bilirubin (ngaphezu kwama-3,4-17,2) - isalathisi se-jaundice;
- kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo, ukuhla kwe- creinine (ukuya kwi-35-70 μmol / L) kwizinga lika-53-97 μmol / L linokwenzeka.
Kubaluleke kakhulu umxholo wezinto ezahlukeneyo zokulandelela:
- ukunciphisa amanqanaba esinyithi kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo (ngaphantsi kwe-8.95 ukuya ku-30.4 μmol / l) yinkcazo efihliweyo yokunqongophala kwe-anemia, ubunzima bomama obalindelekileyo;
- Inqanaba le- sodium eliphakamileyo (ngaphezulu kwe-136-145 mmol / l) linokwenzeka nge-toxicosis;
- ukwehla kwinqanaba le potassium (ngaphantsi kwe-3.5-5.5) luchaza ukungaphumeleli kwe-renal kunye nokugqithiswa kweziyobisi;
- ukulahleka kwe- calcium (ngaphantsi kwe-2.20 - 2.55) inokwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okuchazwa yintswelo yentsana yokwenza amathambo. Ukuba izinga le-calcium linciphisa, ngoko kufuneka lizaliswe ngamachiza;
- ukwanda kwimixholo ye- phosphorus egazini (ngaphezu kwe-1.0-1.4 mmol / l) ibonisa ukugqithisa kwe-vitamin D, ukungaphumeleli kwezintso.
Ukuhlalutya kwegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwenziwa ngokuphindwe kabini: xa ufakwa kwirejista kwaye kwiiveki ezingama-30, ukuba ayifuni rhoqo. Igazi lithathwe kwiimvumba kwisisu esingenanto kusasa.
Iimpawu ezifuna ukuphandwa, ugqirha ugqiba umama ngamnye.