I-Meningitis yenye yezona zifo eziyingozi kwaye ziyingozi, ezibonakala ngokuvuvukala kweembrane zentambo yomgca okanye ubuchopho. Njengomthetho, ngenxa yokungakhuselekanga okungafezekanga, esi sifo esithathelwanayo sisoloko sichazwa kubantwana abancinci.
Kwizonyango, ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yenkqubo yokuvuvukala, kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-meningitis: i-serous (i-enterovirus engakumbi) kunye ne-purulent. Iingxube ze-serous meningitis zi-enteroviruses, ezifana ne-Coxsackie, i-ECHO, i-virus ye-poliomyelitis, i-mumps kunye nabanye. Ngokwe-meningitis ene-purulent, i-agent ye-causative ingaba yintsholongwane ye-bacterial - i-meningococcus, i-pneumococcus, i-staphylococcus, i-salmonella, i-streptococcus, i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa okanye intonga ye-hemophilic.
Ekuboniseni kokuqala kwe-meningitis kubantwana, kubalulekile ukuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa yokuba esi sifo singabangela iingxaki ezinzulu: ukuhluthwa, ukuphunga, i-hydrocephalus kunye neengxaki zokuphuhliswa kwengqondo yabantwana.
Indlela yokuphatha i-meningitis kubantwana?
Unyango lwe-meningitis kubantwana luqhutyelwa kuphela kwiimeko ezimileyo. Ukufumana unyango oluchanekileyo, ugqirha oya kwinqanaba kufuneka enze i-lumbar puncture, ukufundisisa i-CSF, kwakunye nokuhlolwa kwe-bacteriological yegazi. Ezi zinto ziqhutyelwa ukuchonga i-agent engumgulisi wesifo kwaye iqinisekise ukuqonda kwayo kwi-antibiotics.
Isiseko sokonyango kokubambisana kunye ne-meningitis enomntwana kubantwana kuyindlela yokwelapha i-antibiotics, eyona nto injongo yokuphelisa izizathu zesifo. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, akunakwenzeka ukuseka ngokuthe ngqo uhlobo lwe-pathogen, ngoko kufuneka unyango lwe-antibiotics, olunefuthe kulo lonke uluhlu lwezilwanyana eziphilayo ezinokwenzeka kakhulu. Emva kokufumana iziphumo zokuhlolwa kwe-bacteriological kunye nokuchonga uhlobo lwe-pathogen, kunokwenzeka ukuba utshintshe iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukonyango olubhekiselele kulolu hlobo. Umntwana ogulayo, i-antibiotics ilawulwa ngebrenterally ubuncinane iintsuku ezili-10 kunye neentsuku ezi-7 emva kokumiselwa kombindi womzimba womntwana. Njengomthetho, ama-antibacterial alandelayo eninzi amaninzi asetyenziswayo kunyango lwe-meningitis: ii-antibiotics kwiklasi ye-cephalosporins ( cefotaxime , ceftriaxone ), i-penicillin, kunye ne-reserve vancomycin kunye ne-carbapenems.
Kanye kunye ne-antibacterial therapy, i-diuretics inqunywe (i-diuretics, efana ne-lasix, ureide, diacarb) ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olungapheliyo, kunye nokukhusela nokuphatha i-edema ye-cerebral.
Ukongezelela, isicwangciso esibalulekileyo sonyango olungenasiphelo se-meningitis ye-etiologies eyahlukeneyo yonyango lokunyusa (ukuchithwa kwe-detoxification) kunye nokugcinwa kwerhafu yeryuwa yamanzi. Ngenxa yoko, ukunyuka kwe-colloidal kunye ne-crystalloid isisombululo samanzi.
Emva kokukhutshwa esibhedlele, unyango lwe-meningitis luqhutywe ekhaya phantsi kwemiqathango yokugqirha ugqirha, kwaye ngonyaka
Unyango lwe-meningitis kunye namachiza omntu
Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ngokungabikho kwonyango olufanelekileyo esi sifo singakhokelela ekufeni, ngoko ke unyango ekhaya alukwazi. Ukongezelela, ayinakunyanzeliswa kakhulu ukuba unyango lwe-meningitis ukuzisebenzisa ngokuzimela iindlela zonyango lendabuko ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kunye nexesha lokungcola ngokungadingekile. Khumbula ukuba ixesha kunye nokuphumelela kwonyango lwe-meningitis kuxhomekeka kwindlela esheshayo ukufumana ngayo isifo kwaye kunikwe unyango olwaneleyo.