Ukutshala iikomkom kwindawo yokushisa eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate, ukulungiswa kokutshala imifuno yokutshisa

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abalimi banomdla kulo mbandela ogqithisiweyo njengokuba kutyala iikomkom kwi-polycarbonate greenhouse, kuba imifuno yokutsalwa kwe-greenhouse iyimveliso yokuqala kunye neyilindele ixesha elide. Ukuze zikhule ngokulula kwisakhiwo esivaliweyo, apho i-polycarbonate inceda ukuxhobisa i-microclimate ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwehlathi. Le ndlela inezifilo zayo ezithile zokufumana isivuno esihle.

Ukutshala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse - ukulungiselela

Indawo efanelekileyo yokulungiswa kwebhedi ingaba yindawo ephangaleleyo, mhlawumbi isayithi ene-slope esezantsi. Ukutshala izithombo zamakhukhamba kwi-greenhouse ezenziwe nge-synthetic polycarbonate zenziwa ngokungahambelaniyo, zonakalisa umhlaba womhlaba, umhlaba ocebileyo. Okokuqala, izinto eziphathekayo zikhethiweyo. Imifuno yemifuno ifanelwe ukuzithobela impoli, umzekelo - "Caprice", "Halle", "Marinda". Kungcono ukuthenga imbewu echanekileyo kulawulo lokushisa lwendawo. Emva koko kuyimfuneko ukuqala ukulungiselela uluhlaza, umhlaba kunye nembewu.

Umhlaba wokutyala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse

Umhlaba wokutyala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse eyenziwe nge-synthetic polycarbonate iqala ukutsalwa kwaye ikhutshwe i-disinfected. Ngenxa yale nto, kulungile ukuthatha amanyathelo alandelayo:

1. Ekwindla, yonke inkunkuma isityalo isuswe kwisayithi. Ehlabathini ngexesha lokumba, umgquba omtsha uqaliswa - 10-15 kg / m ² .
2. Ukutshala ukhukhamba kwi-greenhouse polycarbonate kuhamba kunye nokunyangwa kwe-substrate kunye ne-fungicides-Phytosporin, i-Phytocide.
3. Ngentwasahlobo umhlaba ukhululiwe ekujuleni ngo-20 cm, 2 tbsp. I-ash, kunye ne-2 tsp ye-superphosphate yesiqhelo nganye nge-1 m ² . Isayithi ichithwa nge-biostimulator Energen- 1 capsule ichithwe kwibhakethi yamanzi ishushu i-50 ° C, ngoko ke ii-2-3 ilitha zobunjwa zihanjiswa kwi-1 m ² .
4. Inkcubeko ayithandi imvula ebanda kakhulu, "imibhede efudumalayo" iphelele. Umhlaba ulungiswa kunye nomgquba womquba womhlaba, amaqabunga awelekile, ngokuwafihla ngokubanzi nge-30 cm. Ngendlela yokubola loo nto, ibhedi iya kufudumala ukusuka ngaphantsi.

Ukulungelelanisa i-greenhouse yokutshala ikhukhamba

Imithetho yokutyala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse eyenziwe ngefowuni ye-polycarbonate ifowuni yokuchithwa kwangaphambili kwesakhiwo ngokwayo ekuqaleni kwexesha. Ulwakhiwo alukhuselekanga nge-bleach bolt ye-bleach. Kubalulekile ukuhlaziya iigremu ezingama-400 zelizabisi kwibhakethi elipheleleyo lamanzi, ukucoca yonke ingaphakathi yendawo yokugcina ifowuni, i-joists, inkxaso. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ubulale ama-pathogens kunye nama-parasites.

Ukulungiselela imbewu yeemkhukhamba zokutyala kwindawo yokutya

Ngaphambi kokutyala iikomkom kwi-polycarbonate greenhouse, imbewu kufuneka ilungiselelwe: i-disinfect seed and germinate. Oku kuyimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba isivuno esizayo singaguli ngokukhawuleza. Ukutshala ukhukhamba kwi-polycarbonate greenhouse - ukulungiselela imbewu:

• Imbewu yokungafaki i-disinfection igwebe ihafu yeeyure kwi-manganese. Ukukhutshwa kwe-disinfection, i-hydrogen peroxide nayo ifanelekile - iyatshisa ukuya kuma-40 ° C kwaye imbewu ivumelekile ukuma kwindawo yamanzi imizuzu eyi-8;
• emva kokuba i-inoculum ihlanjwe ngamanzi asebenzayo;
• Imbewu ifakwa kwi cheesecloth, ngosuku olulandelayo bahlonywa ngehluma.

Indlela yokuhlwaya iikomkom kwindawo yokutshisa?

Ngaphambi kokutyala iikomkom kwi-glasshouse eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate, bafunda imigaqo ye-teknoloji yezolimo, ixesha kunye nokucima. Ukulima kuyenziwa ngoncedo lwembewu ngaphambi kokuba imbewu okanye imbewu ihlume emhlabeni. Kwimeko yokuqala, amahlumela sele sele anamandla kwaye anempilo, okwesibini ukunyamekela amahlumela eethenda kwenziwa ngqo emhlabathini. Iinqonga zixhaswe ngeetambo ze-2 m ngobukhulu ukwenzela ukuba i-future stems ikwazi ukuguquka.

Ukutshala iikomkom ku-greenhouse kunye nembewu

Xa ixesha lifika kwaye ilizwe lifudumala, imbewu yokuhlwayelwa ihlwayelwe. Indlela yokuhlwaya iikomkom kwi-greenhouse kunye nembewu:

• emhlabathini embhedeni i-podpushivaetsya, idibene, ivulekile ngokukhululekile;
• ngokuhambelana nesicwangciso sokufika, izimbobo zenziwa kwi-25 cm;
• emngxeni ufake i- compost encinane, ixutywe kunye nomhlaba, kunye ne-pinch of charcoal;
• Kwimizuzu emibini imbewu ihlwayelwe, inqwelomnqa kakhulu kunesigxina isala;
• Iibhedi zihlanganiswe nomhlaba (azihlanganisi) kwaye zixutywe ngokukhululekile ngamanzi afudumeleyo.

Indlela yokutyala izithombo zekhukhamba kwi-greenhouse?

Ukutyala okuqhelekileyo kweemkhukhamba kwi-polycarbonate greenhouse kwenziwa yintyatyambo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kubonakale isityalo kwisantya. Ukufuna ukunyanzelisa amahlumela, iiveki ezintathu zanele. Ukuhlakulela ukuba kulungelelaniswe kwizikhonkwane ezincinci, iipatti zepatta okanye iikomityi zeplastiki ezilahlayo. Indlela yokutshala ngokufanelekileyo ukhukhamba kwindawo yokutshisa i-polycarbonate yeselula ngokusebenzisa izityalo:

• Amahlumela aya kuhluma kwi-substrate kwiingxenye ezilinganayo ze-peat, i-sawdust, i-turf eyenza umhlaba kunye ne-humus;
• Imbewu ifakelwe kwisitya, iyancipha nge-2.5 cm, iyancwiswa ngamanzi ahlale efuthe;
• Ukukhusela isiliva kunye ne-cellophane kwaye ufake kwindawo efudumele elangeni;
• Iimeko zokushisa ezifanelekileyo zokuhluma - + 26-28 ° C;
• xa iintsholongwane zicutshungulwe, i-cellophane isuswe, ulawulo lubekwe kwi-20 ° C. Ngoko unokuphepha ukululaza amahlumela;
• Ukunyamekela kunokuthambisa okulinganiselweyo, unokufaka isicelo sesichumiso "Agricola for seedlings";
• emva kweentsuku ezili-14 iintshuntsho ziyacinywa - ngeveki ziququzelele urhulumente emini + 16-18 ° C, + 13-15 ° C ebusuku;
• xa ama-3-4 aveza ama-leaflets akwi-20-25 kwiintsuku, amahlumela atyalwe emhlabathini;
• kwiimingxube ezicatshulwa ngokuhambelana neskimu, ezixutywe nomgquba womhlaba, uze uthele "kwi-Effeton", uthathe 3 tbsp. I ibhakethi elipheleleyo lamanzi atyukileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwitha nganye ngomgodi;
• Izithombo ziyafakwa ngokuthe ngqo kumacembe e-cotyledon, kungabi nzulu kakhulu iziqu;
• Izithombo zanisela kwaye zafafaza nge-sawdust okanye utshani.

Umgama phakathi kwamakhukhamba kwi-greenhouse xa uthelwa

Inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokutyala ukhukhamba kwi-greenhouse eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate yeselula: u-100 cm umqolo obanzi, u-50 cm udlula kunye no-40 cm-umgama phakathi kweempempe. Kwi-1 m ² yesiza kufuneka ibekho ngaphantsi kwama-5. Kwi-greenhouse ebanzi ububanzi be-2 m yeyona nto ibhetele yimihlaba emibini kunye nomendo phakathi kwabo. Kukulungele ukwenza "imfudumalo" imibhede engama-35 cm ephezulu ngomquba okanye umquba ngaphakathi. Kwiintsuku ezi-7 phambi kokutyala okucetywayo, zifakwe i-polyethylene, egcina ukufudumala kunye nokunyamezela emhlabathini.

Yintoni endiyibeka ngayo iikomkom kwi-greenhouse?

Ukutshala izithombo zamakhukhamba kwi-polycarbonate greenhouse kungenziwa ngaphandle kwezinye izityalo. Abamelwane abalungileyo baya kuba: I-kekichi, isardard, i-beet yokuqala. Ukutsalwa kwefennel esondeleyo kuya kukhusela ngokumelene nama-parasites. Kulungile ukhulise imifuno kwiisiteli zesipinashi, i-lettuce. Bavusa ukukhula kwengcambu. I-anyanisi kunye negalikhi kuya kuba ngabahlobo abalungileyo kunye nokukhusela inkcubeko kwizifo zebhaktheriya. Ingqwalasela ngokukodwa ingakhokhelwa kuma-asparagus ubhontshisi. Ivelisa isivuno semifuno kwaye inika umhlaba nge nitrogen. Iimbotyi zifakwe phakathi kwemigca okanye nge-perimeter yokuhamba.

Ungayinisela njani iikomkom kwi-greenhouse emva kokutshala?

Izityalo ezinjengeendawo ezinomanzi, zifuna ukubonelela ukunkcenkceshela. Ukuphakamisa udampu kunye nokugqithisa umhlaba jikelele akuyimfuneko. Imithetho yokunisela:

• lwenziwa ngamanzi afudumele-kubanda kubambezela ukukhula kwezityalo kwaye kukhokelela kwizifo zengqungquthela;
• ixesha lokuthambisa - kusasa okanye kusihlwa;
• kwiifama umlambo awufanele ukuwa, ukwenzela ukuba ungashenxisi imifino ukugula;
• Ukuthambisa izithombo zamakhukhamba kwi-greenhouse emva kokutshala kude kube nokukhawuleka kufuneka kube ngokulinganayo: 4 ilitha amanzi / m ² . Kule ndlela, ihlathi ayiyi kukhula maninzi kwaye liza kudala i-ovary;
• kunye nokuqala kweentyantyambo kunye nexesha elipheleleyo lokunisela ukunyuka kwee-fruiting liyaqina: emva komhla kwi-9-12 ilitha amanzi / m ² .

Amafomati xa utyala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse

Ukutya okufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo emva kokutyala iikomkom kwi-polycarbonate greenhouse kubonisa ukuveliswa kwazo. Xa wenza enye ingcambu kunye nezichumiso zangaphandle, iifuno zikhula zikhulu kwaye zihle. Ukongezwa kwamakhukhamba xa utyalwa kwindawo yokuthambisa eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate:

1. Eyona nto iphambili iveliswa xa kuvela amahlumela amaninzi kumahlumela (emva kweeveki ezimbalwa emva kokuhlwayela). Yenza ukubunjwa: i-20 g ye-superphosphate kabini, i-15 g ye-sulfate ye-potassium, 10-15 g ye-nitmonium i-nitrate nganye nge-10 ilitha amanzi. Umthamo ukwanele u-10-15.
2. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-20 kwinqanaba leentyantyambo zeentyantyambo kunye ne-decoration ovaries usetyenziso lwezinto eziphilayo: isiqingatha ilitha le-mullein kunye ne-1 tbsp. I nitrofoski kwibhakethi elipheleleyo lamanzi. 0.5 g ye-boric acid, i-200 g ye-ash kunye ne-0.4 g ye-manganese sulfate ingongezwa kwisisombululo esenziwe. Isilinganiso sokusetyenziswa se-3 l / m ² .
3. Emva kweentsuku ezili-15, kufuneka kuzaliswe enye yesithathu. Ngenxa yale njongo, izinto eziphilayo: 2.5 tbsp. I Mullein kwibhakethi elipheleleyo lamanzi. Isiqhelo si-8 l / m ² .
4. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, ukutya okwesithathu kuphindaphindiwe.
5. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Foliar kuyakuncedo kwinkcubeko. Ukuba ukudubula kukhula kakubi, ke ukubunjwa kwe-150 g yerea kunye nebhakethi yamanzi, enkcenkceshwa ngumhlaba wezityalo, iya kusebenza. Ukuzalisa i-bush ngezinto ezilandelelanayo ngaphambi kokuba kufunde (ikakhulukazi ukuba amaqabunga aphendukile), unokwenza ukunkcenkceshela kwangaphandle kwe-bush nge-composition: 60 g ye-superphosphate elula, 1 g ye-boric acid, 30 g ye-nitrate ye-potassium kwibhakethi epheleleyo yamanzi.

Imigangatho yokutyala ukhukhamba kwi-greenhouse

Ubushushu obuphezulu bokuhlakulela iikomkom kwi-greenhouse ngu-20-25 ° C. Ku-15 ° C, isityalo sikhula kakuhle kwaye siyeka ukudala i-ovary. Imigangatho yokutyala ukhukhamba kwindawo yokuthambisa eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate:

• ebusini busika ebusika kunye nokufudumeza, imbewu yezityalo kufuneka ityalwe phakathi koFebruwari;
• Ukutyala kweemkhukhamba kwi-greenhouse eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate kunye nemibhede "efudumalayo" eyenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli;
• kwi-greenhouse ngaphandle kokufudumeza kunye "nemibhede" efudumeleyo, echazwe kuphela ngendleko yelanga, ukutyala kulindeleke ukuqala ngoMeyi.