Ixesha elide lokuphuhliswa kwentlungu lomntwana lisetyenziswe ngamagqirha xa isalathiso somzimba wesisu sisifumene ngaphezu kwe-10% yonyaka oqikelelwa ngayo. I-syndrome ye-intrauterine yokulinda ukukhula okanye i-fetal hypotrophy yintlobo ezimbini-ezilinganayo kunye ne-asymmetric.
Ngokwe-symmetrical intrauterine hypotrophy, zonke izitho zincitshisiwe, kanti i-hypotrophy engqinelanayo ibonakala ngokuphuhliso oluqhelekileyo lwamathambo nobuchopho, kodwa izitho zangaphakathi zichaphazelekayo. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo ifom ye-intrauterine yokuphuluka kokukhula ivela kwi-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa ngenxa yeengxaki ezahlukeneyo zokukhulelwa.
Amanqanaba kunye neempawu zokuphuhliswa kwe-intrauterine
Ngokubanzi, ixesha langaphambi kokubeletha lokuphuhliswa komntwana lwenzeka kwizigaba ezintathu eziphambili:
- Iyokuqala, isigaba sokuqala - eli lixesha lokuhlangana kweqanda kunye nesidoda, ukwakheka okuqhubekayo kwe-zygote, iiseli eziqala ukuhlulwa ngamandla. Isi sidalwa esincinci sinyuka esibelethini kwaye sifakwa kwenye yeendonga zayo.
- Kuza ixesha lesibini - umbryonic. Iphela de iveki yeshumi elinesibini. Ngeli thuba umntwana ubizwa ngokuthi igama elithi "embryo". Kulezi zinyanga ezintathu ezo zonke iinkqubo kunye nezitho zendoda encinci iyakhiwa. Ngoko ke, ixesha lesibini (okanye ngenye indlela - i-trimester yokuqala) yindawo ebaluleke kakhulu yokukhulelwa.
- Emva kweenyanga ezintathu ziqala ixesha lokukhula, xa umntwana ekhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ekhula, ngelixa ephucula rhoqo umzimba wakhe.
Ukukhawuleza ekuphuhlisweni kokubeletha kwabantwana abangaphantsi kokuzalwa - izizathu
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokubambezeleka kwe-intrauterine ziquka ukungaqhelekanga kokuphuhliswa kwamaplazi, ukuchithwa kwe-chromosomal (umzekelo, i-Down syndrome), ukusetyenziswa kotywala nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ukutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa okubanzi, iintlobo ezithile zezifo (i-cytomegalovirus, i-toxoplasmosis, i-rubella okanye i-syphilis), ukungondleki.
Iimbangela zokungasebenzi kwe-intrauterine ye-fetus ingaba ziimeko ezikhokelela ekuphuleni kwegazi. Ezi ziquka ukunyuka okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo sesifo, isifo sikashukela, umonakalo we-vascular, isxicosis yesigamu sesibini sokukhulelwa.
Ukuphuhliswa kokukhula kokukhula komntwana kukukhokelela kwizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezingapheliyo kumama, zikhokelela umzimba wakhe ekuxhatheni kunye nokungahambi komoya. Ezi zigulo ezingapheliyo, i-bronchitis, i-tonsillitis, izifo zokuphefumula, i-pyelonephritis, amazinyo anesifo, i-anemia, izifo zentliziyo.