Igama elithi "ukuphuphuma kwesisu" kwizithintelo ngokuqhelekileyo sisetyenziselwa ukukhetha imeko apho ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ziphazamiseka ngokulandelana. Ngelo xesha, ukuphulwa kunokubakho kokubili kwithuba elifutshane kunye nama-2-3 trimesters. Makhe sihlolisise le nkalo ngokuphathelele inkcukacha, siza kubhala izizathu.
Ukukhubazeka kokukhubazeka kokukhulelwa - kubangela
Ukuxilongwa kwale hlobo loogqirha kubonisa ngokuqhelekileyo xa inkqubo yokuzala umntwana iphazamiseka ngexesha elifanayo 2 okanye amaxesha angaphezulu ngokulandelana. Xa ufumanisa ukuphuphuma kwesisu, izizathu zokungafani, oogqirha baqhuba uvavanyo olupheleleyo lweemeko zowesifazane okhulelweyo. Ngokweengxelo zonyango, le ntlupheko ivela ngenxa ye:
- Chromosomal ezingavumelekanga. Phantse i-60% yazo zonke iimeko zokuphazanyiswa kwexesha lokugaya ngenxa yolu hlobo. Phakathi kweendlela ezingapheliyo ze-trisomy ziyi-18, 22, 14, i-15, i-chromosomes. Ezi ntsholongwane zivame ukudala ukukhulelwa komzimba ngeveki 12.
- Iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuma-80% wabasetyhini abanokuxilongwa kukho ukuphuhliswa kwe-interferon-gamma ekuphenduleni ama-antigen anesifo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukulahleka kwamathambo okuphindaphindiweyo kukwandisa ukuxinwa kwamagciwane okuchaphazela iiphephelo ze-embryo egazini legazi lomama.
- Iimeko ezinzima. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuveliswa kwezinto eziyingxenye yokuphendula komzimba kuphawulwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukunciphisa imithana yegazi ye-placenta, eyondla umntwana.
- Iingxaki zeHormonal. Zininzi iintlobo zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-hormonal system ekhokelela ekuphazamiseni: ukunyuka kwama-hormone wesini, i-hyperprolactinaemia, ukuphazanyiswa kwe-thyroid gland.
- Izifo ze-Anatomic zesakhiwo sezitho. Ngokwezibalo zenkcukacha, ukungaqhelekanga ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo yokuzala kubangela ukuphuhliswa kwamathambo angama-12% amatyala.
- Iinkqubo ezithathelwanayo ezingapheliyo kwinkqubo yokuzala. Phakathi kwezifo ezixhaphakileyo ezibangelwa ukuphazanyiswa kwesigxina nangaliphi na ixesha: i- mycoplasmosis , chlamydia, ureaplasmosis.
- Imiphumo yezinto zangaphandle (izingozi zomsebenzi, ukusetyenziswa kotywala, iicotine).
Ukungaqiniseki kokukhulelwa kwangaphambili
Ukutshatyalaliswa kokukhubazeka kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo kubhalwa kubantwana abasetyhini abaneemvelaphi ezingaqhelekanga. Ukongezelela, ezi zinto zilandelayo zikhokelela ekuphazamiseni kwinkqubo yokuthoma kwangoko ekuqaleni:
- i-chromosomal engafanelekanga kumntwana;
- iintlobo ezinzima ze- toxicosis ;
- ukungaqhelekanga kwisakhiwo sezitho zokuzala (ukufakelwa emva kokukhulelwa ngokuphumelelayo akunakwenzeka ngenxa yokungaqhelekanga kwe-uterine anatomy).
Ukungazibandakanyi ukukhulelwa kwiminyaka emva
Ukuzinza koburhulumente, ukulungelelaniswa kweenkqubo kwiimigangatho kamva, kubangela ukuphuhliswa okungaqhelekanga kwezinto ezingekho phantsi kwee-2 ne-3rd trimesters. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungabandakanyi ngokupheleleyo. Ekupheleni kwexesha lokunyamekela, ukukhulelwa komzimba kuqhutywe, izizathu zokuba zilandelayo zilandelayo:
- ukungenakwanela kwamaplaki - ukuphulwa kweenkqubo zokwakhiwa nokukhula kwendawo yomntwana, ukusebenza kwayo;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeleko ñ ukuvulwa komngcingo wesibeleko kubangele ukukhipha isisu kunye nokuzalwa kwangaphambi komhla;
- ukusuleleka kwi-genitourinary sphere
- i-gestosis - imeko ehambelana nokuphuhliswa kwe-edema ekhankanyiweyo, ukwanda kwexinzelelo lwegazi.
Ukuxilongwa kokukhulelwa kwesisu
Ukuxilongwa "kokukhulelwa komzimba" kwenziwa ngugqirha ngokubhekiselele kwiziphumo zoviwo olubanzi. Ukuxilongwa kwale mpazamo kubandakanya:
- ukubonisana nomfuzo;
- I-ultrasound okanye i-MRI yeenxalenye ze-pelvic;
- i-endoscopy yesigxina se-uterine;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwinqanaba lamahomoni (TSH, FSH, progesterone, LH);
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-cytomegalovirus, herpes;
- I-Smears esuka kwi-urethra kunye nesini;
- biopsy endometrial;
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwiimpawu ze-antispermal;
- uviwo malunga nesabelo esiza kuzaliswa yi-thrombophilia.
Ukukhubazeka kokukhubazeka kokukhulelwa - unyango
Xa ufumanisa ukuba "ukuphuphuma kwesisu", unyango luqala emva kwesizathu sesigulane sele sichongiwe. Inkqubo yokwelapha ixhomekeke ngqo kwizinto ezibangele ukugula. Inkqubo yokonyango yenziwa ngugqirha ngamnye ngokweziphumo zolu vavanyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo inkqubo yonyango ide, iqulethwe ngamanyathelo athile.
Ngoko ke, ukuba ibhinqa linokutshintshwa kwimizimba kwisitho somzimba esenza ukuba isisu sokukhulelwa kwesisu esiqalile, unyango lubandakanya ukungenelela kokunyanga ukuphelisa. Ngobuthathaka bomngcipheko we-muscular kwindawo yomngcwabo wesibeleko, oogqirha banamathele amacandelo akhethekileyo avimbela umlomo wesibeleko ekuvuleni, ukukhusela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Ngoko kunokwenzeka ukuphepha iingxaki, ukugcina umntwana.
Ngokutshintshwa kwe-hormone, isiseko sokunyanga ukugula okunjalo njengento yokukhulelwa kwesisu ekukhulelweni yinkqubo yeyeza-antibiotics. I-progesterone insufficiency ngokuvamile ibangela ukuba kuphuculwe ukukhupha isisu. Kwimeko yokungaqhelekanga kwemfuyo eyenza ukuphazamiseka kokukhulelwa kungakhathaliseki kwekota, kuphela indlela yokuphuma nge-IVF usebenzisa i-ejaculate okanye iqanda lomnikeli.
Ukukhulelwa okungachangekiyo-ukujonga kwimeko yangoku
I-genotyping hemostasis kunye nokukhubazeka ngokuqhelekileyo yindlela ephakamileyo yokufumanisa ingxaki, ngokuchonga i-thrombophilia. Ngesi sifo, kukho ukulungelelaniswa kwimizimba yegazi. Ngenxa yoko, ukuchithwa kwegazi kuyancipha. Ngokuqhelekileyo eso sifo sifa. Ukongezelela kwimeko yokukhubazeka njengento yokuphuphuma komzimba, i-genetic predisposition to the disease ingabangela:
- ukukhawuleza kwexesha lokukhula;
- ukungenakunyaka;
- i toxicosis.