Iimlamondi ezimfutshane ezinqabileyo zentlaba okanye ubhontshisi, ukutshala kunye nokunyamekela okwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo, kungakhula kungekuphela kwintshona, kodwa nakwibala eliphakathi kweRashiya. Isityalo siya kutshabalalisa kwaye sibe neziqhamo. Ngempumelelo uphuhliswa nakwasemntla - ukuya ePetersburg naseVologda, kwinqanaba laseSiberia kunye neenkuni.
Plant bogovnik - inkcazo
I-almond ephantsi ibhekisela kwintsapho ephinki. Kwimvelo, ikhula kwimithambeka yamagulane, emigodini, kwiibhanki zemilambo kunye namachibi. Emazantsi eCrimea iintyatyambo zeziqhamo sele zihlala kwiibhanki ze-Neva iqhwa lihleli. Isityalo asikho nje iphunga elimnandi, iintyatyambo zepinki ezihlobisa, kodwa sinika neziqhamo - iinqunto, ezineendawo ezininzi ezincedo. Zomile, zisetyenziswe kwi-cosmetology yokulungiselela ioli yamayeza, njengeziqholo kwiitya ezihlukeneyo. Bobovnik - inkcazelo emfutshane:
- le nto izithelo ze-nut eziqhekezayo ezinqumlayo ukuya kwi-1.5 m;
- ubeka amagatsha abomvu obomvu;
- ibhakede kwi-trunk ibomvu okanye ibomvu;
- Inkqubo yenkcenkceshe ibhakabhaka, eneengcambu ezinobumba;
- amaqabunga ayingqungquthela, i-serrate emacaleni, eninzi kunye nesikhumba, ibhekise kwisigxina, u-6-8 cm ubude;
- umbala weplate ngumnyama omnyama;
- iintyatyambo ezineentyantyambo ezimhlophe ezimhlophe okanye ezipinki 2-3 cm ububanzi;
- iziqhamo - izibonda ezinomsi.
Ubhontshisi lukhula njani?
I-almond ekhulayo-i-beaver i-shrub eneesithsaba esisezantsi, kwindalo ikhula ngamaqela. I-photophilous, ukumelana nesomiso, ubusika-nzima, ixabiso eliphantsi lomhlaba, linyamezela ngokugqithiseleyo inwele, linika izimpande zengcambu. I-beaver, ukufika kunye nokunyamekela okuqhutyelwa kakuhle, uphila iminyaka engama-80. Ihlathi linyamezela umsi, lisetyenziselwa ukuhlobisa umgangatho wemimandla yepaki kwizixeko, ukutshala iinqaba kwiindawo zangasese. Inkcubeko idibene nezinye izityalo eziqhakazelisayo - ukunyanzelisa okwesibhakabhaka kunye ne-white spiraea.
Ixesha lembotyi lihamba nini?
Umyezo wama-almond aqala ukuqhakaza ngo-Aprili-ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, isiqithi siyakuthandeka ngeentyatyambo ezinqabileyo, ezinobuncwane obubomvu okanye obumhlophe. Ihlala iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwethathu, kuxhomekeke kwimozulu, iifom zihambele ngokunyanzeliswa yizinyosi, inkcubeko ibusi olungileyo. Ukuqhaqhaqhabalaka kwenzeka kanyekanye kunye ne-tulips. I-Lancet ixubile amaqabunga ayaqhakaza kunye namaqabunga.
Isityalo esiqhakazile sibonakala sihle kwaye sibukeka njengentyantyambo e-cherry Ngeli xesha, ama-almond e-alpine ane-decorative. Ukuqhaqha kwee-bobber kuphelile nge-fruiting-kubonakala ngathi i-kngles, enokuthi i-nut, evelisa ngoJuni-Julayi, apho ungakhula khona umthi omtsha.
Ubisi - ubusika bunzima
Ubhontshisi obomnyama buyumthi-thermophilic-shrub, ukunyamezela kwakhe kweqondo lokunciphisa izinga lokushisa kunomlinganiselo ongaphantsi kwe-25 ° С. Isityalo siza kuhlala sihlala kwindawo engabonakali kakhulu. Kwiimeko zemozulu ezinzima, ikhululeka, ize ihambe, kodwa iiblulo azikho ezintle kwaye zininzi njengasezantsi. Ngekhava eliphakamileyo lekhephu kunye nokutsalwa okuphantsi, i-collar ingcambu iya kufa kwaye isityalo siya kufa. Ngoko ke, ekwindla, ukunakekelwa ngokucwiliswa kufuneka kuncitshiswe ukwenzela ukuba isiqithi sibe nzima kwaye silungiselele iqhwa. Ngenjongo efanayo ukucoca amahlumela aluhlaza. Inkcubeko ayithandi imimoya kunye neengqungquthela, ihlala ikhuselekile ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala.
I-beaver - iintlobo
Iintyatyambo ze-almond ziphantsi, phantsi kwegama leembotyi, zinemihlathi emibini ebalulekileyo:
- I-White-flowered (Albiflora) ene-milky corollas. Iintlobo:
- I-Anyuta, ineentyantyambo ukuya kwi-25 mm;
- Iphupha, i-corollas ithenda ifikelela kuma-25 mm ngaphesheya;
- Ubumnyama obumnyama, bukhulu obukhulu bentyantyambo ebomvu ukuya kwi-25 mm ngobukhulu;
- Ama-flamingos asemhlophe, ahlotshiswe ngama-terry buds kunye nobubanzi be-10 mm.
Ukukhula kwemfuyo
Ibhontshisi ye-almond ayinokuthobeka, kodwa ukutyala nokunyamekela kufuneka kuyenziwe phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ukuze ukhule ufuna ukufumana indawo efanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha uhlaselwa yi-pereprevanyvaniya, ukutshala i-shrub kunconywa kwisayithi ephakamileyo. Unqwenela ukuqhakaza kwiindawo ezikhanyayo, kodwa unokukhula emthunzini, izimbali ezinomdla zivelele kwiimpawu kunye nomoya. Kukho umkhonto wokuguqulwa, umthi onqamlekileyo wemithi ("imvula yegolide") kunye neentyantyambo ezimhlophe eziphuzileyo zijikeleza ukuya kwi-50 cm ubude, zilungele phantsi. Kodwa i-almond kunye nezityalo ze-alimondi zizityalo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.
I-Flower bogovnik - umhlaba
Ukutsalwa kwebhontshisi ephantsi kwe-almond eyenziwe nge-almond yenziwa kwintsimi enemizila emininzi, i-best-too i-mildness, eneengubo ezininzi zokugqoka. Ngomlambo olungileyo, ityitye okanye ilitye echanekileyo isetyenzisiwe (isityalo siyithanda umhlaba oqhekezayo). Hlanyelwa kumxube ococekileyo we-leaf substrate, i-humus nesihlabathi kwisondlo se-3: 2: 1 kunye nokongezwa kwe-lime. I-acid, inhlabathi yomnyuzo yamagatsha okutyala kunye nokunyamekela akufanelekile. Kwakhona, ayifakwanga kwisayithi eneendawo eziphezulu zamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba.
Indlela yokutshala i-beaver?
Ixesha elona lihle lokuloba i-alimondi ngowama-autumn ekuqaleni kwe-Oktobha. Bobovnik - ukulungiswa okuchanekileyo:
- Iimitshini zicwilwe ubunzulu be-30 cm kumgama we-3-5 m ukusuka komnye nomnye;
- i-ribble okanye ityityhi ephukileyo ichitheka kwizantsi;
- ngentla yongezwa uluhlu lwesanti;
- ipolongo ende iqhutyelwa kwiziko lokuxhasa isithombo - ubuncinci bemizuzu;
- Iingcambu zesityalo zifakwa kwi-popsicle yodongwe yokuxinwa kwe-ukhilimu omuncu;
- Ukutyala kwembewu emgodini kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba intamo yengcambu iphezu kwinqanaba lomhlaba;
- ihlathi lihlanganiswe nomhlaba olungiselelwe umhlaba;
- Umhlaba uhlanganiswe, 10-15 amalitha amanzi athululelwa phantsi kwesityalo;
- umgca unamathele kwenkxaso, isangqa esijikelezayo sinamathele ngoluhlu lwe-peat 5 cm thick.
Ukuba amahlathini kufuneka atyalwe entwasahlobo, umgodi wokutshala kufuneka uphekwe ekwindla. Kubekwe umxube omanzi kunye nomthamo, kwaye ekuqaleni kuka-Matshi, isityalo sithatha. I-alimondi idinga i-pollination ehamba phambili, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukutshala ezininzi iintlobo zayo ngexesha elifanayo. Esi sityalo sihamba ngeenyosi, i-apiary's proximity will be suitable.
Boss Grafting
Ubhontshisi beentyatyambo ezifana ne-Almond kulula ukukhula ukusuka kwimbewu ekhaya. Imbewu ifakwa emanzini iintsuku ezimbini, ize ityalwe emhlabathini. Inyanga kamva, ihluma ivela kuzo. Ukutsalwa kwetyala kwenziwa rhoqo ngonyaka kude kube neminyaka emithathu ngo-Matshi okanye emva kwe-almonds. Ngonyaka, amasebe aphakama ama-30-40 cm. Ukuhluthwa kwindawo evulekile kwenziwa emva kokuba isityalo sakhulile.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unokutshintsha kwaye uphumelele kwisityalo somyezo. Ukuqhutyelwa kweyona nto iyenzileyo ekwindla emva kwamaqabunga awela. Kulo mgodi omtsha, kufuneka udibanise ibhakethi lomquba kunye neglasi yengcambu yomgquba. Ukugqoka okunjalo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuphucula nokuphuculwa komthi. I-sapling ayikwazi ukunyaniseka, iinduli zinyamezela ukutshintshwa kakuhle kunye neentlungu.
I-Bovine - ukuzaliswa
Iimalmond ezizalisayo zenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi:
- Umgama ophezulu. Yenziwa ngokukhulula emva kokutshiza ihlathi. Inzala eyahlukileyo ilungile kunyaka wesibili, emva kokuba sele iqulunqa inkqubo yeengcambu. Amahlumela ahlanjululwayo adluliselwa kwindawo engasigxina, unonophelo lwenziwa njengenqila yonyaka.
- Iincwadi. Izihluthulelo eziflexible ze-alimondi zinyamekele phantsi kwaye zityinwe kwisixhobo seseli, zifafazwe ngumhlaba. Nangona iindawo ezingakhuli iingcambu, zizungezile kufuneka ukhulule umhlaba, unxweme umhlaba, ususe ukhula. Emva konyaka, iingcambu zikhula zivela kwiindawo, umsila uhlukaniswe kwisityalo somama kwaye utyalwa kwindawo eyahlukileyo.
- Iinqununu ezihlaza. Ukuzaliswa kwisahlulo sesibini sikaJulayi kunqumla amahlumela angama-20 cm ubude kunye neendawo ezimbini. Iinqununu ze-beaver zigcinwe kwi-greenhouse. Iibhotshi zityalwe kwicandelwana ukusuka kwelinye inxalenye yesanti kunye ezimbini ukusuka kwi-peat. Ukuhluthwa kwenzeka emva kweveki ezi-3-4. Emva kokutshala i-cuttings ngeengcambu ebhedeni ekukhuleni.
- Ukutyunjwa. Umqhubi we-almond ophucukileyo kakuhle entwasahlobo okanye ngo-Agasti utsalwe kwi-plum, ekhulayo emhlabeni, iplamu, i-cherry kunye ne-tape. Ngobusika, izityalo zihlanganiswa ngumhlaba kwindawo yokuxhoma, entwasahlobo, iteksi yokulungisa ingasuswa.
Unokunyamekela njani i-beaver?
Ukuba ufuna ukufumana iziqhamo eziqhumayo kunye neentyantyambo ezihle kumyezo, ungasebenzisa i-beaver, ukutshala nokunyamekela akunzima. Inkcubeko yayifanelekile ingqwalasela yabalimi ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo, ukuchasana nezifo kunye neentsholongwane. I-lobster lobster - ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela okufanelekileyo kwindawo evulekile ibonisa:
- Ukwethulwa kokutya. Ngentwasahlobo, isangqa se-trunk esondeleyo sihlanganiswe nomgquba. Ngexesha leentyantyambo, isiqhamo sihluthwa nge-10 g yerea kunye ne-20 g ye-saltpeter ehlanjululwe kwibhakethi yamanzi. Ekwindla, i-20 gram ye-potassium sulfate kunye ne- superphosphate kabini ifakwe kwisilinganisi semitha nganye.
- Ukuprintwa. Ngentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kweentyantyambo, izigulane, amaqabunga aqhekekileyo, amaqabunga, aomileyo anqanda isithsaba. Emva kokuwa kweepalesi, ukwenza izihlahla zifake izihlahla. Emva kweminyaka eyisixhenxe, isiqithi sifuna ukunakekelwa ukususa amasebe endala, ziya kutshintshwa yinto entsha entsha.
- Umhlaba ukhulula kwaye ukhula. Isondlo esilungileyo rhoqo sinconywa - umsila ongezantsi ongama-5-7 cm.
Umthandi weentyatyambo - ukuthambisa
I-almond isityalo esinganyangekiyo, kodwa sikhula ngcono kwaye siqhoqhe ngokweemeko zokunkcenkceshela. Ukunyamekela kakuhle i-beaver kuquka ukuchelela, emva kokuba umhlaba phantsi kombhobho usomile ubunzulu be-1-1.5 cm. Emva koko, phantsi kwehlathi, kufuneka utyhale ibhakethi lamanzi. Ukunyamezela kubangela ukubola kweengcambu. Inkcubeko, ekhula kumhlaba onesihlabathi, iya kufuna ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo.
I-Beaver - izifo kunye nezinambuzane
Amasimi egadi, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela okwenziwe ngokuphulwa kwemigangatho ye-agrotechnical, inokubangelwa zizilwanyana ezinambuzane nezifo. Ngokomzekelo, xa kubuzwa ukuba kutheni ibhontshi ingaqhakazi, abalimi abanamava banikezela impendulo engafanelekanga - isityalo sikhula esitheni esinyeneyo okanye seqabile ebusika. Njengokuthintela kwiintsholongwane, i-almonds entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokubonakala kweentso zifakwe kunye nomxube weBordeaux . Izifo eziqhelekileyo:
- Ukugqwala, amabala obomvu avela kwi-plate leaf. Kule meko, ukutshiza nge-sulfur colloidal kusebenza;
- ukubola kwegrey , kumaqabunga kukho ukugubungela okukhuphayo-i-fungus. Iindawo ezichaphazelekayo zidityanisiwe, ezinye ziphathwe nge-fungicides - i-Topaz, i-Champion, i-Oxihom;
- i-leaf roller - isundu. Xa izilonda zidinga unyango nge-insecticide - Aktellik, iCalypso, iTagore;
- i-aphids, idla ijusi lamagqabi. Ukusetyenziswa kwonyango kwi-infusions yomhlonyane, i-tansy, igalikhi okanye inambuzane i-Antitlin;
- isicangci , isondla kwijusi yeentsundu ezincinane. Ukulwa nalo ngoncedo lwe-acaricides uApollo, Akarin, Flumayt.