Kuza njani ukuzalwa kokuqala, kwaye kukufanele ukwesaba?

Ingazi ukuba kuzalwa njani okokuqala, abesetyhini abasetyhini, amava kunye nendlela yokuhanjiswa kwexesha. Makhe sihlolisise le nqubo ngeenkcukacha eziphambili, siza kuxela malunga neempawu zokusondela kwimijondolo, iimpawu, siya kuzifumana: zininzi zokuzalwa kokuqala ezenzeka ngexesha.

Impawu zokuqala zokubeletha

Ukuthetha ngokuqala kokuzalwa kokuqala, oogqirha baqaphela ukuba ngabanye bale nkqubo. Yonke intokazi ibona indlela yokufika komntwana kwihlabathi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho okubizwa ngokuba yi-precursors - iimpawu, ukubonakala okubonisa ukuqala kokusebenza kwabasebenzi. Phakathi kwazo:

1. Ikhefu lomzimba. Ngaphambi kokuzalwa okokuqala, isisu somfazi okhulelwe sitshintsha isikhundla salo. Ngenxa yokungena kwentloko yentloko kwi-pelvis encinci, umzimba uyashintsha. Ngenxa yoko, isisu somfazi okhulelweyo sitshintshela phantsi. Ngelo xesha, umama okhuselekileyo uphawula ukuxhaswa kwentlalo-ntle: kuba lula ukuphefumula, ngenxa yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwisithintelo. Oku kwenzeka 2-3 iiveki ngaphambi kokuvela komntwana.
2. Ukuhamba kwiplagi yomdaka. Kwiintsuku eziyi-10-14 kwi-primiparas ukusuka kwinqanaba lomzimba isityalo seqabunga lamacembe. I-midwifery iyayibiza njengengqayi. Ngokukhawuleza le nqanawa igubungela ukungena kwesigodlo se-uterine, esentanyeni. Ngaloo ndlela, umntwana okhuselweyo ukhuselwe kwimimandla engqongileyo engqongileyo, imiphumo ye-microorganisms.
3. Ukunciphisa umzimba. Kwenzeka iintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuvela komntwana. Ibhinqa liba ngu-1-2 kg lighter ngokuphuma emzimbeni kumanzi.
4. Iintlungu ezingabonakaliyo zokudonsa kwisisu esezantsi. Zibangelwa ukwandiswa komsebenzi wesibeleko. Ngenxa yokunciphisa okunjalo, ilungu lokubeletha lilungiselelwe inkqubo yokuzalwa enzima.

Iintlukwano kwi-primiparas

Ukuthetha malunga nokuzalwa kokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ixesha elide lomsebenzi . Eli gama kwiimbambano lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisela kwii-contraction ze-uterine i-myometrium, ehamba kunye nesigaba sokuqala komlomo wesibeleko. Ezi zifinyezo zisoloko ziba nesimo sesigqi. Emva kwexesha, ukunyusa kwabo kunye nokunyuka kwexesha. Ikhefu phakathi kweziphambano ezimbini lifutshane.

Ukuzalwa kokuqala kudla ngokuhamba kunye nexesha elide lokuphuphuma komlomo wesibeleko. Ngenxa yoko, abafazi banokuqala ukuziva ukuqala ko-12-24 ngaphambi komntwana. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuzalwa kwabazali bokuqala beeyure eziyi-12 zokugqibela. Ngenxa yoko, akukho mfuneko yokuya esibhedlele emva kokulwa okokuqala. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba iimfazwe azikwazi ukuzenza, kodwa zonyani ( ukuqeqeshwa ).

Uqeqesho lokubhala kwi-primiparas

Ukukhulelwa kokuqala kunye nokubeletha kuyinkqubo enomdla kubasetyhini. Ukulindela ukubonakala komntwana wokuqala, ngokuphindaphindiweyo umama ozayo uya kufutheka xa eziva efana nentlungu efana nokude ukulwa. Ngaphambi kokuzalwa komzimba okokuqala ngangoko, banokuvela kwiiveki 20. Zichukunyiswa ngokungahambisani nokungaqhelekanga, kwexesha elifutshane le-myometrium ye-uterine. Ababeleki bawabiza ukuba baqeqeshwe, okanye i-Braxton-Hicks ilwa.

Isici esahlukileyo sokunyuka kwamanga kukungabikho kwexesha kunye nokuqhubeka. Ziyakwazi ukuvela ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinyamalale. Ixesha eliphakathi kwabo alisoloko lihlala: lingathatha zombini imizuzu emi-5 neye-20. Ukuqeqeshwa ukuqeqeshwa, ngokungafani nokuzalwa, owesifazane okhulelwe unokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha isikhundla, uhlambe.

I-primiparas iqala njani?

Unkwantya ukweqa isiqalo sabasebenzi, kwinqanaba elinesibini lamasetyhini licela umfazi wezifo ukuba aqonde ukuba iimfazwe zaqala, iimpawu zale ngqungquthela. Iziphambano eziqhelekileyo ze-myometrium zivezwa ngabasetyhini abakhulelweyo njengokutsala, ngamanye amaxesha ubuhlungu obukhulu kwisisu nangaphantsi. Imizwa ebuhlungu ibuhlungu, umfazi uthi uyayifaka isisu esezantsi.

Ethetha ngesihloko sokuqala kokuziswa, oogqirha babonisa ixesha elide phakathi kweengxabano ekuqaleni kwenkqubo yokuzalwa. Ekupheleni komnye ukulwa, owesifazane okhulelweyo uziva, njengokuba kwangaphambili - akukho nto ibuhlungu. Njengoko umlomo wesibeleko uvulekile, izithintelo zisebenza ngakumbi. Kule meko, ubude bokuqhawulwa komnye luya kwanda, kwaye iqela liqala ukuthobela isivumelwano.

Kuza kube nini ukulwa ne-primigravidae?

Ukuba ukuzalwa kokuqala komfazi, kulwa ixesha elidlulileyo kunokuba kuzalwa umntwana wesibini nolandelayo. Ngokuqala kokusebenza, ukulwa kubonakala ngexesha elide lemizuzu engama-20, kwaye ixesha liyancitshiswa libe li-15. Ngaloo xesha, amandla abo akhula, kwaye ukunyuka kwenyuka. Oogqirha bancomela ukuba bahlale ekhaya ngeli xesha. Esibhedlele singathunyelwa, xa ithuba liyancitshiswa ukuya kwiminithi eyi-10.

Ukuba sithetha malunga nokuzalwa kokuqala okokuqala, ababelethisi bayaqaphela ukuba ixesha lokuvula kwi-primiparas lihlala kwiiyure ezingama-6-8. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo ngabanye. Bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo banemvakalelo ebuhlungu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngoko banokuthi bangaqapheli ukubonakala kweyokuqala, ukulwa nokulwa. Ukuze kube lula ukuhambisa eli xesha, oogqirha bancoma ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya.

Umsebenzi ekuzalweni

"AbaSebenzi" kwizibilini zibhekiselele kwiintambo zengxangxxwa yodonga lwangaphakathi lomzimba, oluye luza umntwana ukuba ahambe kunye nomsele wokuzalwa. Ngokuza kweemvavanyo, inqanaba lesibini lokuhambisa liqala, elibizwa ngokuba ukuxoshwa. Iqala ngokubonakaliswa ngokugcwele komlomo wesibeleko kwaye ihlala ide de ukuzalwa komntwana. Le nqubo inomlingiswa we-reflex-ayikwazi ukulawulwa.

Ukuququzelela ukubeletha okubuhlungu okokuqala, umfazi okhulelweyo unokunyusa umkhiqizo wabo. Ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuzikhandla kuyimfuneko ukunyusa. Iinzame ezinjalo zandisa ijubane lenkqubo yokuzalwa - umntwana ukhulelwe ngokukhawuleza, unina ufumana intlungu. Ngexesha elifanayo, umngcipheko wokuba neengxaki ziyancipha, ngohlobo lwezitho zangasese, izicubu ezithintekayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzalwa kokuqala komfazi kungabikho ngaphandle kwabo.

Zizama njani ukuzama ukuzala?

Kwintetho kunye nomama ozayo, oogqirha baxela malunga nokuzama ukuzala - yintoni na, ungaqondi konke. Ukuchazela owesifazane okhulelwe ukuba zifana njani neentlobo, ababelethi bezilwanyana baqhathanise nomnqweno wokukhupha amathumbu. Ukuvakalelwa okunjalo kubangelwa ngenxa yokuxinzelela ngokweqile kwentsana emgqumeni, ehamba kunye nezicatshulwa zeemisipha zesicindezelo esiswini. Ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokubonakala kwoluvo olunjalo, oogqirha bakhuluma ngesidingo sokumelana.

Ixesha lokusebenzela lihlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ukuphendula umbuzo wesifazane okhulelweyo, malunga nokuhlala ixesha elide lokuzalwa, oogqirha babonisa ukuba ngabanye beli pharamitha. Ngokomyinge, umntwana uzalelwa kwiiyure eziyi-8 ukuya kwe-12 emva kokulwa okokuqala. Ngokuphathelele ixesha lokuthunjwa, apho imizamo ebonakalayo ephawulwayo, kwi-primiparas i-2 iiyure. Ngexesha elifanayo, izinto ezithile zingathonya ubude beli xesha:

• isicelo se-anesthesia;
• isiqhamo esikhulu;
• msebenzi obuthathaka;
• Ukuxhaswa kwemisipha yodonga lwangaphakathi lomzimba;
• i-pelvis.

Umsebenzi ekuzalweni - indlela yokuziphatha?

Ababelethi be-Gynecologists bachitha ingxoxo engaphezulu kweyodwa kunye ne-primipara, ebaxelela malunga nendlela yokuzalwa, malunga neemeko ngexesha lokubeletha , ukuba benzeni xa bevela nendlela yokuziphatha ngayo. Ukunciphisa ngokuphumelelayo ngexesha lokuxoshwa komntwana kufutshane nciphisa ubude beli xesha, alibandakanyi ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki.

1. Ukuvakalelwa ukunyusa - uthathe umoya okhulu.
2. Ukunciphisa okufutshane, bamba umoya.
3. Ngexesha lokunciphisa, kuyimfuneko ukunyanzelisa.
4. Phakathi kwemizamo, uchungechunge lokuphefumula okuthobileyo lwenziwa. Emva koko phumula.

Ubuhlungu ekubelekeni

Uninzi lwamantombazana unobandlululo - lubuhlungu ukuzala okokuqala. Enyanisweni, kukho uxhomekeke kubukhulu besithintelo sentlungu. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yokuzalwa ngokudala ingadluliselwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngethuba lokubeletha umfazi uzele imizwa eyahlukileyo: ukwesaba, uxhalaba, uvuyo. Ngokukhawuleza banokuphazamisa umama ozayo kwiintlungu ezinzima, uguqulwe.

Ukuthetha nabafazi abakhulelweyo malunga nendlela yokuzalwa eyenzeka ngayo okokuqala, oogqirha baqwalasela utshintsho kwi-intensity kunye nendalo yentlungu. Ngoko, ngexesha lokubhengezwa komlomo wesibeleko, abafazi abakhulelweyo bafumana ukunyuka, ukunyamezeleka. Ayinayo indawo eyiyo, iyakwazi ukunika umlenze okanye indawo egciniweyo, i-sacrum. Ngokuqala kwemizamo, intlungu iba nzima. Kule meko, indawo yayo ibhinqa, i-perineum, i-rectum. Kukhona umnqweno wokumisa.

Ukuzalwa - iingxaki

Izikhewu ekunikezeni ziphumo eziqhelekileyo zokubonakala komntwana. Imfundo yabo ihambelana nokuhluleka komfazi ukulandela imiyalelo yesigqirha. Bavela kulawo mabhinqa ahamba phambili awanamandla. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukuphulwa kweengcamango zesisu kunye ne-perineum. Phakathi kwezinye iingxaki zenkqubo yokuzalwa, kufuneka kuphawulwe:

• ukuphulwa kwezinto zangaphambili - ukungahambisani okungahambisani nomzimba, okuthintela ukuqala komsebenzi;
• ukukhutshwa kwangaphambili kwe-amniotic fluid - amanzi aphuma ngaphambi kokubhengezwa ngokugcwele komlomo wesibeleko;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwangaphambili kweplantshi - kwenzeka ngeentlobo ezinzima ze-uterine okanye kubafazi abanesifo sokukhubazeka;
• ubuthathaka bomsebenzi - lukhula xa owesifazane okhulelwe engenamandla okwaneleyo ukugqiba inkqubo yokunikezelwa;
• I-pelvis encinci ye-Clinic - ukungalingani kobukhulu bomntwana kunye nobukhulu be-pelvic;
• u-hypoxia we-fetus - ukuphulwa kwenkqubo yokunikezelwa kwe-oksijini kumntwana.

Ungaqala njani ukubuyisela emva kokubeletha?

Ukubuyiselwa emva kokukhulelwa nokubeletha yinkqubo ende. Emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza ubuyele kwilizwe langaphambili, oogqirha bancomela ukulandela le mithetho elandelayo:

1. Ungabandakanyi umsebenzi oqinileyo.
2. Gcina ucoceko olusondeleyo.
3. Ukuthotyelwa ngokupheleleyo kweziphakamiso ezikhutshwe.

Ukubuyisela amafomu endala, ngaphandle kokulimaza kwinkqubo yokulahla, kufuneka uqale ngokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila:

• ukuhamba ngokusebenzayo, kungaphantsi kweyure ngosuku;
• ukwakheka okuchanekileyo kokutya - ukulahla ngosuku akukho ngaphantsi kwe-2500 Kcal. Awunakukusebenzisa kakubi iilekese, umgubo, iimveliso ezibhema.

Kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokubeletha

Ngomhla wokuqala emva kokubeleka, umfazi ungaphantsi kolawulo lwangoogqirha. Iziphambano ezinamandla zesibindi ngethuba linokukhupha igazi. Ngomhla wokuqala kukho ukukhutshwa okukhulu kwegazi, kunye nenani elincinci lama-clots. Emva kweentsuku ezintathu iintshukumo zabo zitshintshela kwi-serous-holy. Ukuyeka ukukhulelwa kubonakala ngeveki 6 emva kokubeletha.

Ukukhathazeka kwi-perineum ngosuku lokuqala kunokwenzeka nangona kungabikho ukuphuka. Oku kungenxa yokugqithisa okunqongqo kwezixhobo ze-lumbar ze-pelvis encinci. Ngokuqhelekileyo, intlungu iyanyamalala ngokupheleleyo iintsuku ezingama-2-3. Iimpembelelo zokuhlala ziyakwenzeka xa i-episiotomy isenziwa - ukutyunjwa kweethambo eziphazamisayo ngenxa yokuqhekeka kokusongela, kulandelwa ukuxubha isilonda.