Inkqubo yengcambu idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na imithi. Akugcini nje ukuyigcina kwindawo ebonakalayo, kodwa iqinisekisa kwakhona ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye neemaminerali eziyimfuneko ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yesityalo ngasinye.
Ukuze ukwazi ukunyamekela igadi ye-apula (ukutyilisa, ukukhulula, ukuchumisa ), kufuneka ukwazi kakuhle ukuba unengcambu ephilileyo.
Iingcambu ze-apula zikhula njani?
Inkqubo yengcambu ye-apple-tree ichazwa njengolu hlobo lomlilo. Liye landa iminyaka emininzi, livimba ukuphuhliswa kwayo ngexesha lokuguquka komthi.
Kukho iingcambu ezingapheliyo (kubonga kubo, umoya kunye nezondlo ezisisiseko ezifikile emthini) kwaye zime (zomeleza umthi emhlabathini kwaye zithwale umswakama kunye neemaminerali kwiindawo eziphantsi). Ubunzulu bokuvela kweengcambu ezithembekileyo kuxhomekeke kummandla apho umthi ukhula khona, nakwiindidi. Ngaloo ndlela, kwisihlahla se-apula saseSiberia, i-root root is in deep depth, kwiintlobo zaseTshayina kunye namahlathi-kwiindawo ezinzulu zomhlaba.
Ukongezelela, ipropati yomthi we-apula inomnye udidi: luyi-skeletal and over (frorial) iingcambu. Iyokuqala ibonisa iinjongo eziphambili zomthi, kunye nesibini - ezincinci kunye ezincinci, zinkulu kakhulu. Imisebenzi yeengcambu ezigqityiweyo-inamathela kumanzi kunye nosawoti wamaminerali, kunye nokukhutshwa kwimveliso yendalo yokubola. Olu hlobo lweengcambu lukwinqanaba lomhlaba ophezulu (ukuya kuma-50 cm) ngaphakathi kwenkcazo yesithsaba. Ngoko ke, kule ndawo apho ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi kuya kuba nefuthe.
Ngokuphathelele ubude beengcambu zomthi wase-apula, landisa ngonyaka. Xa ukufakelwa izithombo kwiziko lesikolo, kwaye emva koko kwisayithi esigxina, iingcambu ziphazamiseka, kwaye ukukhula kwabo kutyeshelwe okwesikhashana. Ukuqulunqwa kwengcambu kuyaqhubeka kufikelela kwiminyaka engama-20 ubudala, ngoko umthi ukwandisa ubude kunye nobukhulu beengcambu.
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqaphele ukuvalelwa kwezimpande ze-apula kumaqondo atshisayo aphantsi (iintlobo ezininzi, ngaphandle kweSiberia, sele zise--20 ° C). Kukho ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kweengcambu kunye nemithi: nayiphi na umonakalo kwiqabunga lomthi we-apula uphazamise inkqubo yayo.