Ubomi bomntu wonke, indima enkulu idlalwe yintsapho kunye nomtshato, kwaye ukuqhawula umtshato kungekhona nje ukuguquka ebomini bakho, kodwa kubangela ukuba utshintsho kwiimeko zakho zentlalo. Ngokuchasene neengcamango ezithandwayo, phantse rhoqo umtshato - umtshato, ubonakaliswa kakubi kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi. Kwaye, nangona kunjalo, imibare yemitshato kunye neqhawulo-mtshato ibonisa ukuba ngaphezu kwengxenye yemingcele yomtshato, ayizange ibe khona iminyaka elishumi. Izazi zengcali kunye neengqondo zemizamo ziye zazama ukufumana izizathu eziphambili zeli qakala, ngoncedo lweenkcukacha zeenkcukacha kunye nophando lwamaqela ahlukeneyo asekuhlaleni abatshatileyo, kodwa njengoko ukufundwa kwamanqaku kwimitshato kunye nehlukaniso kubonisiwe, iziphumo azikwazi ukucatshulwa ngokungathandekiyo, kwaye kaninzi ziphikisana nenyaniso. Ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, umtshato okanye umtshato awuhlali usoloko wenziwa ngokusemthethweni, ophazamisa amanqaku.
Imilinganiselo yomtshato kunye nomtshato
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ingakumbi ngexesha lobunzima bezoqoqosho, kuye kwaba nomkhwa wokunciphisa inani leqhawulo lomtshato. Kubonakala ngathi oku kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuqiniswa kweziko lentsapho, kodwa izazinzululwazi ziqaphela izizathu ezahlukeneyo. Ukunyuka kwezinto eziphathekayo kubemi abaninzi kubenza ukuba babambelele ndawonye, kubonakala kwakhona ukuba iingxaki zezindlu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nexesha ngaphambi kokuba kubekho ingxaki, imitshato kunye nemitshato yaseRashiya iyancipha kakhulu, ngaphezu kweengxaki zezinto eziphathekayo, kukho inkathazo yabantu. Ngokombolo yeqhawulo, iRashiya inokuqala, yesibini - i-Belarus, ne-Ukraine ithatha indawo yesithathu. Kwimihlaba ephakamileyo kakhulu yaseYurophu, inani lemitshato kunye nehlukaniso zihluke kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, iSweden yimi-15 kuphela kwinani lezahlulo, malunga nama-50% amadoda kunye nama-40% wabasetyhini abangatshatanga.
Izibalo zemitshato kunye nezokhetho e-Ukraine zibonisa ukunyuka kweemeko zezoqoqosho, inani leqhawulo lomtshato linciphile, ngelixa inani labantu linganelisekanga nobudlelwane bosapho. Idatha yesatisti ichaphazelekayo ngokusabalala kwemitshato yomtshato, engabhaliswanga ngokusemthethweni.
Ukwahlukanisa kumtshato womtshato
Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, izibini ezininzi ezitshatileyo zikhetha umtshato womtshato. Ukutshata nokuqhawula ngaphandle kokubhalisa kulula kakhulu ngezizathu ezininzi. Ukuchithwa ngokusemthethweni komtshato kunzima kunokuqhawula umtshato kwimibutho yomtshato, kungekhona ngenxa yezizathu eziphathekayo, kodwa nangenxa yeemeko zentlalo kuluntu, njengokuba kwiimeko ezithile zomtshato zithinta idumela.
Abaninzi bakhetha umtshato womtshato emva komtshato osemthethweni, uzama ukuphepha ukuphinda uphinde wenze iimpazamo zangaphambili. Ngokufanayo, ubudlelwane abubhalisi ngenxa yokungafuni ukuthatha uxanduva, ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kwiqabane okanye ngenxa yokungazinzi kwemali. Imeko yezoqoqosho kwilizwe yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela ukwanda
Kumthetho we-Ukraine kunye neRashiya akukho nto enjengomtshato womtshato. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, iCandelo lama-74 leNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho lilawula ukwahlula kwepropati ekuqeshweni komtshato womtshato. Icandelo 2 loBugcisa. 21 I-UK ibonisa ukungabikho kwamalungelo kunye neembopheleleko phakathi kwendoda nomfazi, ukuba umtshato ungabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni. Ngako oko, umba wohlulo lwepropati uphendululwe enkundleni, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuthanda umnini-mthethweni wepropati. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umtshato ngexesha lomtshato womtshato awuzange kubangele iingxaki, kufuneka ubhalise ubunikazi obunye bendawo yokuhlala kunye nezinye iimpahla.
Umtshato emva komtshato
Kukholelwa ukuba ukutshata kwakhona kufuneka kube namandla kunexesha langaphambili, ngenxa yamava athobileyo. Kodwa imibare yemitshato kunye neqhawulo zomtshato iyayingqina kwimitshato eyahlukeneyo ephindaphindiweyo. Amava amaninzi omtshato wokuqala kunye nomtshato aqikelelwe ngomtshato wesibini. Ukuthetha nje, xa ubhekene nengxaki ebubudlelwaneni, kunokulinda ukuphindaphinda iingxaki ezifanayo kunye neqabane elitsha. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba isizathu sokuqhawula umtshato sithengisa umlingane, umyeni okhohlwayo uya kuba nomona ongenangqiqo emtshatweni nomnye umfazi, okwangoku kungabangela ukungqubuzana. Kwakhona, isizathu sokungazinzi kwemitshato ephindaphindiweyo sisigqibo esiphuthumayo, xa amaqabane angaguquki ngenxa yobudlelwane bokomoya, kodwa ngenxa yokuba bafuna ukulahla ubunyulu obuvela emva kokuqhawula umtshato.
Ngokwezibalo, abafazi batshata emva kokuqhawula umtshato kunzima, ngakumbi emva kweminyaka engama-50. Ngelo xesha, amadoda alo mdala adala ukudala intsapho entsha, atshate nabasetyhini abaselula.
Ummiselo womthetho womtshato kunye nomtshato
Kwimithetho yeliphi ilizwe elinemigaqo yentsapho efunekayo ukukhusela ubudlelwane beentsapho, kunye nokulawula imiba ehambelana namalungelo nemisebenzi yomtshato ngokuphathelele omnye nomnye kunye nabantwana. Ingxaki ebalulekileyo ekuqhawuleni umtshato kukuba ukwahlukana kwepropati kunye nenkcazo yembopheleleko kubantwana nabantwana abakhubazekileyo.
Xa ipropati ihlulwe, izinto ezininzi ziqwalaselwa, kodwa kuphela impahla efunyenwe kumtshato odibeneyo ixhomekeke kwicandelo. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba ukuba ubudlelwane bugqityiwe ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuqedwa komtshato, yonke impahla efunyenwe ngexesha lokuhlukana ikwaqwalaselwa ngokubambisana, kwaye iyahlukana phakathi kwabatshatileyo. Ukuba ixesha lokunciphisa izenzo liye ladlulayo ukususela kumhla wokuchithwa komtshato (njengomthetho, iminyaka engama-3), ilungelo lokuhlula ipropati likhanselwa. Ngoko ke, xa uqhawulo-mtshato lungahlehliselwa umgaqo weengxaki zomthetho, kwaye ngokukhawuleza u ngenise iingxelo eziyimfuneko ukulungisa iingxaki eziphikisanayo.
Isiqinisekiso somtshato emva kokuqhawula umtshato singaba luncedo ekuxazululeni iingxaki ezinxulumene nokutshintsha igama, ukubhaliswa kwindawo yokuhlala kunye nezinye iimeko. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukugcina isatifiketi okanye ikopi, kunye nazo zonke izigqibo zenkundla.
Xa ufaka isicelo somtshato, kwiimeko ezininzi, abatshatileyo banikwa ithuba lokwenza isigqibo sokugqibela. Kodwa kuphela kwiimeko ezinqabileyo abafazi bagcina umtshato wabo, umtshato uqhawula
Ngethuba lethu, ukubhalisa umtshato nokuqhawula umtshato kulula kunokuba ngaphambili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, oku kunqanda ukubandezeleka ngenxa yobuhlobo bentsapho obungenelisekanga, ngakolunye uhlangothi, luchaphazela kakubi uxanduva xa ukhetha iqabane kwaye kaninzi lukhokelela ekubandezelekeni kwengqondo kwengqondo kuphela kubafazi, kodwa nakwabantwana abazalwe ngumtshato ongonwabileyo. Kukho nawuphi na, umntu akafanele alibale ukuba injongo yobudlelwane obunzulu ngumnqweno wobomi obonwabileyo nothando nokuvisisana, ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukufikelela kumbandela wokudala intsapho ngokufanelekileyo, ekhokelwa yimvakalelo enzulu kunye nentlonipho phakathi kwabalingani.