I-Anesthetics ibhekisela kuluhlu lweemithi ezigcinwe kwikhabhinethi nganye yeyeza. Namhlanje, uninzi lwazo luthengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume, ngoko kaninzi kukho ukungahambi okungalawulwayo nokungalunganga kwimizi yeentlungu, ezinokubangelwa kwimiphumo emibi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba isifo sesifo sisisigxina malunga naziphi na iinkqubo zengqondo emzimbeni. Ngoko ke, ukumisa nje intlungu, akunakwenzeka ukukrazula imbangela yokukhubazeka, kwaye kungekudala uza kubonakalisa kwakhona.
Ukwahlulelwa kwamachiza enhlungu
Iziyobisi ze-anesthetic ziyahlukahluka kwimizimba yeekhemikhali kunye nendlela yokusebenza. Ziyakwazi ukukhutshwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, zibe nesenzo sendawo kunye nesistim:
- iipilisi;
- capsules;
- ikhandlela;
- isisombululo seenjini;
- mafutha;
- gel, njl
Ngokwemveliso yemichiza kunye neepropemistri, iimpazamo zokuhlutha iintlungu ziyahlula zibe ngamaqela amabini aphezulu.
Iziyobisi
Amachiza, okusebenza kwawo kuhambelana nokunqandwa kwamalungu athile enkqubo yesantya. Njengomthetho, le miyeza isetyenziselwa emva kokusebenza kakubi, kunye nokulimala okukhulu, ubunzima, ubunzima obungenakubekezeleka. Ngokuthintela ukuhanjiswa kweengcamango kwintliziyo kunye nomgudu womgudu, nazo zinceda ekunciphiseni uxhalaba.
Nangona kubonakala ukuba iziyobisi zeli qela zijongene kakuhle nentlungu, zisetyenziselwa kuphela kwiimeko ezigqithiseleyo kwaye ziqaphele. Oku kubangelwa ukuba izidakamizwa zikhawuleza zibangele umlutha, ukuxhomekeke kwimizimba kunye nokuxhomekeka kwengqondo, kwaye kukhokelela kwezinye iziphumo ezininzi. Ama-analgesics amakhulu ahlukeneyo ahlukeneyo:
1. Izikhuthazo zokufumana i-opioid:
- morphine;
- fentanyl;
- promedol).
2. Ama-Agonist-antagonist of opioid receptors:
- butorphanol;
- buprenorphine;
- pentazocine;
- nalbufin.
Iingcali ze-narcotic analgesics
Le ndlela yindlela, isebenzayo kwiimvakalelo ezibuhlungu zentsholongwane kunye nobuthathaka. Le mali ayinayo impembelelo ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yesantya ephakathi, ayitshintshe imvelaphi yeemvakalelo, angabangeli umlutha. Ngako oko, ukuxhatshazwa okunjalo kubonwa njengokhuseleko. Bahlulwe ngo:
- Izidakamizwa ezichasene ne-Nonsteroidal - zino- anti-inflammatory, effect of analgesic, ukunciphisa ubushushu bomzimba.
- I-Analgesics-antipyretics - ine-antipyretic and analgesic effect.
Ama-analgesics engekho-narcotic afaka amalungiselelo asekelwe kwi:
- iziphumo ze-salicylic acid (i-sodium salicylate, i-acetylsalicylic acid);
- izixhobo ze-aniline (paracetamol, phenacetin);
- i-anthranilic acid derivatives (fluphenamic acid, mefenamic acid);
- iziphumo ze-alkanoic acid (ibuprofen, diclofenac sodium, flurbiprofen);
- iimveliso ze pyrazolone (analgin, amidopyrine, butadione), njl
I-Anesthetics enezinyo
Ama-Painkillers kufuneka athathwe ngenyameko, xa kungekho ndlela yokubonisana nodokotela ngokukhawuleza. Khawucinge ukuba zeziphi izixhobo eziza kusebenza ngolu hlobo:
1. Ukulungiselela okusekelwe kwi-acetylsalicylic acid - la mayeza kufuneka asetyenziswe ngokuqaphela xa kukho iingxaki zesistim sokutya:
- Asphen;
- Acelesin;
- Citramon.
2. Iindlela ezisekelwe kwi-nimesulide-ezinamandla kwaye zikhawuleza zenza i-painkillers:
- Actasulide;
- Nimesil;
- Nyz.
3. Iziyobisi ze-Ketorolac ezisisiseko ziyimichiza esebenzayo ekufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela xa kukho intlungu ephezulu, ukunyamekela:
- Ketanov;
- Ketorol;
- Ketalgin.
I-anesthetics ye-osteochondrosis
Utyando lwe-Symptomatic ye-osteochondrosis lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza enhlungu. Njengomgaqo, ezi zilungiselelwe izinto ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo:
- diclofenac sodium;
- piroxicam;
- ibuprofen;
- nimeslide;
- ketoprofen nabanye.
Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukusetyenziswa kwezifomethri kunye nejoyikiyo zamachiza kuboniswa, kwii-agents zangaphandle ezibalaseleyo (amafutha, ama-gel, ama-creams).