Iimidlalo ze-biathlon - kunye nemithetho yeentlanga kwi-biathlon

I-biathlon yezemidlalo iphethwe kwisichazamazwi semidlalo njengomdlalo ophindwe kabini. Okugqithiseleyo yinto ibinzana elithi "biathlon" - ukuhlanganiswa kwezesikrini kunye nokudubula kwisibhamu. Ngaphambili, iFinland, iNorway neSweden yayikhokela kuloluhlu, kwaye ekupheleni kwekhulu lokugqibela iJamani ne-Austria zaqala ukubonisa umsebenzi.

Biathlon - yintoni na?

I-Biathlon, njengemidlalo, ivakalise ukususela ngo-1993, xa kukhuphiswano lweNdebe yeHlabathi kunye nobuphiswano behlabathi. Eguqulelwe ukusuka kulwimi lwesiLatini, eli gama lithetha "ukulwa kabini": ekusebenzeni kwi-skis nakwi-shot. Abaphandi banamhlanje baphakamisa iinguqu ezimbini malunga nokuvela kwe-biathlon:

1. Lo mdlalo usuquke ekuzingeleni i-ski emazweni aseNordic, xa kuthatha iiyure ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwikhephu kwaye ngokukhawuleza ubambe umdlalo emehlweni. Kuqinisekiswa kwakhona ngemifanekiso yaseNorway kwilitye, eli liqela elingaphezu kwamawaka amawaka ama-5.
2. Isiqalo seBiathlon sanikezelwa kumncintiswano wabasebenzi kwimida yaseSweden neNorway, eyabanjwa ngo-1767. Abathathi-nxaxheba bekufuneka bajolise ekujoliswe kuyo ekujoliswe kuyo ekude kumanqanaba angamahlanu ngexesha lokuhla.
3. Umbono wokunyanelana ngokukhawuleza kwintambo yokukhwela i-skiing kunye nokudubula kwanikezelwa yimincintiswano yee-patrol zamadoda empi, kwaye imidlalo yasebusika ye-biathlon yabonakala.

Iintlobo ze-Biathlon

Kwiminyaka engama-100, ngeli xesha le midlalo yaphuhliswa, ezinye iintlobo ze-biathlon zavela. Ukongeza kwenguqu yeklasi kunye ne-skis kunye ne-pneumatics, abadlali baphumelele ngempumelelo izinto ezinzima. Ziziphi iintlobo zeentlanga ezikhoyo kwi-biathlon?

1. Arche-biathlon . I-skiing cross-country idibene ne-archery.
2. Biathlon kwi-snowshoes . Abathathi-nxaxheba bahamba kwiimvula ze-snowshoes, ukudubula kuqhutyelwa kwizibhamu.
3. Ukuzingela i-biathlon . Apha ufuna izakhono ukuhamba kwiikhredithi zokuzingela kunye nokusingatha isibhamu sokuzingela.
4. Ihlobo le-biathlon . Iiskrini zogqabiweyo ezisetyenzisiweyo, izibhamu ziveliswa kwisibhamu esivamile.

Iintlobo zeentlobo ze-biathlon nazo zifanelekile ukuba zenze i-mechanics yemincintiswano:

1. Sprint . Abathathi-nxaxheba banqoba imida emibini yomlilo.
2. Umkhosi wokuphandlelela . Qala kuloo myalelo, njengoko bagqiba i-sprint. Ukuqala kweMisa. Zonke ziqale kanyekanye.
3. Uhlanga lomntu ngamnye . Imida ende ikhethwe.

I-Biathlon - Umdlalo ngamnye

I-biathlon yezemidlalo ayikho into ebizwa ngokuba ngumdlalo wamandla, amanqaku kunye nokunyamezela. Ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwi-skis ngokwayo ngumsebenzi onzima, okufuna umzamo kunye nomgudu. Kwaye ke kufuneka ukhawuleze kwaye ujike ekujoliswe kuyo, ungaqwalasela izandla ezithuthumelayo ngokukhathala. Ngoko ke, imithetho ye-biathlon inzima, kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukubizwa ngokuba ngumqhubi kwiqhawe lobuqu:

• Umgama omkhulu kakhulu: amabini amabini amakhilomitha - umgama womntu, kunye nesigamu sesibini - isetyhini
• Imida emine yomlilo;
• impazamo yinto encinci.

Biathlon - Ukuqhubela phambili

Iintlobo zeentlanga kwi-biathlon ziyahlukana nje kuphela kumgama, kodwa nakwiimeko. Imfuno ekhethekileyo yohlobo lokuphishekela umqhubi wendawo ngokulandelelana okuye kwagqitywa khona i-sprint. Umyalelo ubhalisiwe ngokugqithiseleyo:

1. Ophumeleleyo uqala kuqala, abanye abathathi-nxaxheba baqeshwe ukususela ekupheleni kokulibaziseka ixesha, abalahlekileyo.
2. Umgama wamadoda ubalwa kwiikhilomitha ezili-12,5, umgama wabesifazane ubude beekhilomitha ezili-10.
3. Imida yomlilo iyahlula zibe ziingxenye ezimbini: zidubula kabini ukusuka kwindawo yokuma, ziphindwe kabini-zilele.

Sprint kwi-biathlon - yintoni na?

Imithetho ye-Sprint kwi-biathlon iqalisa ukufundisisa bonke abatsha, eli liqela lokuqala lokuphumelela. Banikela?

1. Umgama wamadoda - ikhilomitha ezili-10, kubafazi-ubuncinane 7.
2. Kukho ezimbini izicingo zomlilo, ukunqoba ukuma nokulala.
3. Iimpawu zokuhlawulwa, ujikelezo olongezelelweyo lomncintiswano, ukuya kwii-150 mitha, luphonswa.
4. Ukunciphisa abadlali abathatha umgama ekuhambeni.

Ukuqala kweMisa

Abafaki beemincintiswano ezidibeneyo bakhetha ukuqala kwesiqalo apho bonke abathathi-nxaxheba behamba ngexesha elinye. Ubunzima buqala njani kwi-biathlon?

1. Vunyelwe ukuba babalekele abagijimi abangcono kuphela aba-30, baqikelele ukulinganiswa konyaka odlulileyo.
2. I-biathlon yamadoda inikeza umgama weekhilomitha ezingama-15.
3. I-biathlon yowesibini iyaqwalasela umgama weekhilomitha ezili-12.5.
4. Ukuqhuma komlilo kungu-4, 2 kubo ukusuka kwisimo esifanelekileyo kunye no-2 ukusuka kwindawo yokuma.
5. Isalathisi sikhokhelo samahhala.

Ukubuyisela umzila kwi-biathlon

Imithetho yayo yokugijima kwi-biathlon inikeza umzila wokubuyela. Nanku ukubheja okuphambili kwenziwa kwimiqondiso ephezulu yexesha leqela leqela. Ngoko ke, i-biathletes engcono kakhulu ivumelekile ukuba ikhuphisane. Iimeko:

1. Ilizwe elithatha inxaxheba linelungelo lokutyunjwa abadlali abane abancinci.
2. Umgama ngamnye kwiikhilomitha ezingama-7.5.
3. Imida yomlilo i-4.
4. Xa ulahlekile, ungasebenzisa ezintathu ezongeziweyo.

Uhlobo lokudubula kwi-biathlon

Kwi-biathlon ukudubula, izikhundla ezi-2 zinikezelwa: ukuma nokuxoka. Imithetho ephambili:

• xa ukudubula kwiindawo "zokuxoka," umncintiswano unokuthinta kuphela iingalo kunye neengalo, amahlombe kunye nesifuba;
• xa ukudubula kwisimo "sokuma" kuvunyelwe ukuchukumisa isibhamu ngesifuba okanye intamo, kuyimfuneko ukugcina ibhalansi ngaphandle kwenkxaso.

Kwi-biathlon, iithagethi zenziwe ngokukodwa, kwiminyaka yokuphuhliswa kwalo mdlalo, iintlobo zeethagethi kwi-biathlon zitshintshile amaninzi.

1. Iphepha . Abadlali bokuqala baqala kubo, kodwa phakathi kwekhulu lokugqibela baye balahlwa ngenxa yokungabi nantoni. Kude kunzima ukuba uthathe ukufundwa, kwakudla ngokuba neengxabano ngenxa yokungena kwimvulophu.
2. Amatye . Bafake ibhola, inyaniso yokubetha ingaqatshelwa ngabagwebi, ababukeli kunye nabadlali. Nangona kunjalo, iithagethi zanikezela iphoso ephezulu.
3. Iglasi . Ukuma ukudubula, ububanzi beesentimitha ezingama-30 kwakucatshangelwe, ngenxa yokutshitshiswa kwamanga-10. Kwakungasasebenzi emva kweengxaki zokuhamba.
4. OMnxeba . Ziyasetyenziswa kwi-biathlon yanamhlanje. Izakhiwo zivaliwe xa zitshitshiswa ekujoliswe kuyo, zisebenza kwiisenjini. Inkokeli yemveliso yezinto ezijoliswe kuzo i-biathlon ibizwa ngokuthi iKurvinen.