Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo okanye ekwindla yokuqala, izimbiza ezimibalabala kunye ne-chrysanthemums zivela kwiintengiso zeentyatyambo kunye neentengiso. Abaninzi bacinga ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba le yonyaka, ebusika inokukhishwa kwinqwelo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ntlanzi ezinokhathalelo olufanelekileyo ziya kubonakala ngaphezu konyaka.
I-chrysanthemums yangaphakathi - iintlobo
Phakathi kwesi siganeko sembala, ekuqaleni awuyi kuqonda ukuba zonke iiphothi zihluke komnye nomnye: ubukhulu kunye nokuma kwemifuno, amaqabunga kunye nohlobo lwesithsaba. Kukho iintlobo ezine, phakathi kwazo iintlobo zeentyantyambo ze-chrysanthemum zangaphakathi zihlukaniswe ngo:
- Igumbi le-chrysanthemum yaseTshayina , elise-hybridi neentyantyambo ezinkulu ezilula ezimbini, isityalo side kwaye sikhula sibe ngu-130 cm;
- zavela kwiiCanary Islands ukuba zenze izilwanyana ezinobuthi , zikhula ukuya kumitha yokuphakama, kwimimandla efudumele ingakhula kwindawo evulekile;
- umnikazi werekhodi ngokwemali kwiimarike zethu zihlobo lwamaNdiya , kuba uziva kwiefestile kunye namabhalkoni angcono kunabanye;
- Iibhola ezikhanyayo - abameleli beentlobo zaseKorea , zifuna kakhulu.
Unokunyamekela njani igumbi le-chrysanthemum?
Ukuchaneka kokunyamekela kuyisibambiso sesihlahla seentyantyambo. Iqala ngeentsuku zokuqala emva kokuthenga kwaye iyaqhubeka nangemva kokugquma. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho uluvo lokuba ukhathalela igumbi le-chrysanthemum liyinkimbinkimbi kwaye akukho siqinisekiso sokusila kwexesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngeendlela ezininzi abalimi beentyatyambo bayazibeka ityala ngenxa yabo, kuba bazama ukunyamekela i-chrysanthemum kunye nezityalo eziqhelekileyo eziluhlaza kwiifestile.
Umhlaba we-chrysanthemum
Ilizwe lekamelo le-chrysanthemum ayiyinto enzima okanye engaqhelekanga ekuthengiseni. Ukufezekisa izityalo zangaphakathi zentyantyambo, zizonke iindidi ze-chrysanthemums. Kubalulekile ukondla isityalo ukukhula kakuhle kunye nezimbali. Uyakuthanda umquba we-chrysanthemum njengomgquba, udibanisa kufuneka utyunjwe, ngaphandle koko umhlaba uya kuba yinto enamandla. Ukuze ukhuseleko lwezityalo, umhlaba uhlala uhlaywe ehovini. Ukuba umsebenzi ukufumana isiphumo esiphezulu, unokuxuba izithako ngokwakho:
- iindawo ezimbini zomhlaba we-turf;
- nxalenye yezinto ezinqabileyo;
- nxalenye ye-humus;
- inxalenye yentlabathi, kodwa inqolowa enkulu.
Ubumbi begumbi le-chrysanthemum
Ukukhangela ibhokhwe entsha yesilwanyana sakho esiluhlaza kunokwenzeka kuphela kwixesha elizayo:
- Isisombululo esiphumeleleyo kwisiqithi esincinci sisitya se-ceramic okanye udongwe. Indlela elula kakhulu ukuhlakulela nokunyamekela i-chrysanthemums yangaphakathi kwiipatyambo ze-laconic, ukuyila phantsi kwefayile yelizwe kuyisisombululo esiphezulu, iibhola eziqaqambileyo kwiibhotile ezimhlophe zikhangeleka kakuhle.
- Ibhodwe ngalinye elilandelayo alingafanele libe likhulu kunelidala, kodwa umhlaba ngexesha lokutshintshwa kufuneka liguqulwe ngokupheleleyo.
- Inkqubo yeengcambu yeentyatyambo ayifanelekanga, ngoko ke iipopotshi ezincinci aziyi kufanele. Kodwa izitya ezisezantsi ziphantsi, kuba isityalo sidinga amanzi amaninzi .
Unokunyamekela njani ikamelo le-chrysanthemum emva kokuthenga?
Nasiphi na isidalwa esiphilayo emva kokutshintsha kwendawo sidinga ixesha lokulungelelanisa nokulutha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi - izityalo ezinjalo kwiivenkile zicetywa ngokukodwa, kwaye umhlaba ebhodweni uya kuthutha. Ungasindisa intyatyambo, kuba oku kukho iingcebiso ezilula, ukunyamekela ikamelo le-chrysanthemum emva kokuthenga ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Ekubini, okanye kwiiveki ezintathu, ummi omtsha wefestile efayili usezindaweni ezifudumele kunye ezikhanyayo. Igumbi le-chrysanthemum lisetyenziselwa kuphela, akudingeki ukuba lithinteke: ukuchelela, ukufafaza okanye ukondla izichumisi akunakwenzeka.
- Into enzima kakhulu ukunika isityalo ukuphumla nokulahla i-buds. Oku kuthetha ukunqumla zonke iintyatyambo okanye zilinde de ziqhame, kwaye zisuse ezingenasidingo. Imifuno ithatha imizamo eninzi, iya kuba nzima ukulungelelanisa nokunciphisa amathuba okuphindaphinda.
- Xa kungekho ntyatyambo enye eshiywe ehlathini, ungaqala ukutshintshwa. Okokuqala, sihlola iingcambu kwaye susa zonke iinkalo ezibolileyo okanye ezicacileyo zizifo zengcambu. Iindawo zetekisi ziphathwa ngenyama etyumkileyo, ngoko isiqithi sithunyelwa kumhlaba omtsha, kodwa ubungakanani bebhasti alitshintshi.
I-chrysanthemum yangaphakathi - ientyantyambo
Sifumana imifuno eqaqambileyo ukuze imibala eqaqambileyo ye-buds ihlobise ifowuni. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenza isiqhamo sehlathi akulula. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kubangelwa kukunyamekela. Kwakhona kwenzeka ukuba ihlathi le-chrysanthemum kufuneka lincediswe kwiintyatyambo, ukunakekelwa ekhaya kufuneka kulungiswe:
- Iintyatyambo ziya kubakho kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphezu kwe-18 ° C, isiqithi sithinteka kakhulu xa kushushu;
- ixesha lokubilisa liza kululela ixesha elinyanisiweyo lokunisela, xa kuvela ukumela umlinganiselo kwaye ungavumeli umhlaba ukuba umile, kusasa nakusihlwa ungalibali ngokuphalaza ngamanzi;
- asikwazi ukutshala umhlaba ngaphambi okanye emva kweentyantyambo, sondla igumbi le-chrysanthemum kuphela emva kokubonakala kokuvulwa kwemifuno - umhlaba ompofu kunye nokutya okuncinci sizathu esiqhelekileyo sokungabikho kwezimbali;
- Ezixhamlayo ekuveleni kwe-buds zithinta i-potassium kunye ne-phosphorus umquba;
- Ukuba awuyikutshixa amahlumela ngexesha, isiqithi siya kuma eluhlaza kwaye siqine, kodwa singenasiphelo (awukwazi ukulungisa imeko, ngoko awukwazi ukulibala malunga nokubunjwa kwamahlumela);
- Xa ilanga lokukhanya lingaphantsi kweeyure ezisixhenxe, isityalo asinamandla okwanela ukusila, kubalulekile ukubonelela ukukhanya okwaneleyo kunye nokushisa.
I-chrysanthemum yekamelo - ukunakekelwa emva kokuqhakaza
Ixesha eliphumayo liyimimiselo enyanzelekileyo yomsebenzi obaluleke ngakumbi weso sityalo. Kodwa akwanele ukunqumla ama-buds adibeneyo, ubusika obufanelekileyo buya kuncedisa ukwandisa ubomi beentyatyambo. Xa igumbi lakho le-chrysanthemum liye laphela, kukho izicombululo ezine ezineendlela zokwenza okulandelayo:
- Siyaziqhelisa kwi-balcony okanye kwindawo yokungena. Emva kokuqhakaza, amahlumela anqanyulwa, ashiye ngaphezu kwe-15 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Emva koko, faka ibhodi ngesityalo kwindawo ekhanyayo, apho ubushushu buya kuguquka ngaphakathi kwe-3-8 ° C. Unako ukumanzi, kodwa kanye ngenyanga kwaye kungabi ninzi.
- Ubusika bumnandi buya kubakho i-chrysanthemum kunye nefestile yendlu. Kule meko, ukusika iziqhamo emva kokugquma kuya kuba mncinane. Siphululela kwirejista efanayo kunye nexesha lokutshala.
- Ungabandakanya ibhokhwe kwindawo esezantsi. Ukuprintwa kuya kufana nokugcina kwindawo yokungena. Umhlaba uphelelwa ngamanzi ukuwenza ube manzi. Emva koko, thumela ibhodi kwindawo esezantsi.
- Ezinye iintlobo zivakale emva kokuba ziqhutywe kumhlaba ovulekile. Izitshalo zinqunywe kwi-10 cm kwaye zifafazwe nge-peat eyomileyo, amaqabunga afanelekileyo afanelekileyo okanye umhlaba ovela kumyezo. Isembozo esiphezulu nge-polyethylene, izinto ezizodwa zokugubungela.
Indlela yokwandisa igumbi lokumisa?
Xa i-chrysanthemum yomelele kwaye inike amahlumela amancinci, inokusasazwa. Kukho iindlela eziliqela apho igumbi le-chrysanthemum lizalisa khona:
- Emva kobusika, isityalo siqala ukukhula kwaye sinika amandla amatsha amatsha. Ngaloo mzuzu izilwanyana ezincinci zithathwa kwinqaba lomama. Ukufikelela kwiintlobo ezithandathu zifunyenwe yi-budding. Malunga nonyaka kamva izityalo ezincinane ziqala ukuqhakaza.
- Ukusika iyona ndlela yendalo yonke yeentlobo zezityalo. Nangona kunjalo, i-chrysanthemum yangaphakathi, olu khetho alusebenzisanga ngaphaya kwelo elidlulileyo. Khetha iziqhamo ezinamandla, uze uzifutshane zibe ngu-12 cm uze uzithumelele ukuhluma kwindawo engumanzi onomanzi, ukumboza ngefilimu uze ubeke kwindawo eqaqambileyo, uhlale umoya kunye namanzi emhlabeni.
- Abagulisi beentyatyambo abanomonde kunye abanomdla bafanelekile imbewu. Ukuqokelelwa okanye imbewu ethengiweyo yahlakazeka emhlabathini kwaye iyancitshiswa ngentshontsho yomlambo. Ukususela ekutyaleni okutyunyiweyo kunye nokugqitywa nge-polyethylene. Kwiiveki ezimbini ungalindela izithombo. Ihlala ikhutshwa kwaye iphuziswa, emva kokubonakala kweqabunga lesine lingahlala.
Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo kwi-chrysanthemum egumbini
Izityalo ezincinci zifuna i-vase entsha rhoqo ngexesha. Izityalo zabadala ziziva zikhululekile kwisitya esinye seminyaka emibini ngokulandelana. Ngaphambi kokuba utshintshwe igumbi le-chrysanthemum, kufuneka ulilungiselele. Umhlaba uthathelwe indawo, kodwa sigcina iresiphi yayo. I-vase nganye elandelayo kufuneka ibe lilititha ezilikhulu kunye neekitha ezili-cm ububanzi. I-algorithm yesenzo ayifani nendawo yokutshala kwezityalo ezincinci: asiyikulibala ngokucwangciswa kwemifudlana, siyakulinganisa umhlaba kwiingcambu.
Indlela yokunciphisa ikamelo le-chrysanthemum?
Ukongezelela ukutyala izihlahla emva kokuqhakaza, ukusika izilwanyana kusetyenziselwa ukwenza ihlathi. Kwimibuzo yendlela yokunyamekela ikamelo le-chrysanthemums ebhodweni, eli nqaku alilo lokugqibela:
- Ukuqala kokucima izilwanyana kubalwa ngomhla weshumi elinesihlanu emva kokutyala isityalo kwindawo;
- ukususela kwisithuba sobude malunga no-12 cm ukusika isiqwenga kunye namaphepha amaninzi;
- i- nitrojeni yokuchumisa iqala;
- Kwiiveki ezimbini unokufumana amahlumela amatsha kwiisono.
Ungayinisela njani ikamelo le-chrysanthemum?
Enye yeengxaki kwintsimi yokuthambisa i-chrysanthemum. Apha kufuneka uhlale unomlinganiselo phakathi komhlaba omanzi nomanzi. Isisombululo seklasiki kunye ne-saucer okanye i-tray ngamanzi ayiyi kwenza, iya kubangela ukubola kweengcambu. Iintlobo ezinokuthi zikhuliswe ebhodweni zazingumyezo wegadi-asiyikuyekrazela ukufafaza, senza kuphela inqubo kusasa.
Izifo zegumbi le-chrysanthemum
Phakathi kwezifo ezifayo, kaninzi kunokwenzeka ukubiza i-verticillium wilt. Esi sizathu sezizathu zokuba ushiya amaqabunga egumbini le-chrysanthemum. Kulezi zifo zengwenya, i- rust kunye ne- powdery mildew iyaxhala, i- gray rot kunye ne-septoriosis ayikho ingxaki. Phakathi kwezifo zintsholongwane ezisongelwa yi-chrysanthemum aspermia, i-dwarfism, indawo yecala kunye ne-mosaic.