I-leukemia, evela ekutshintshelweni kweeseli zegazi eziqhelekileyo kunye nabashumayeli be-leukocyte abangalunganga, ibizwa ngokuba yi-leyoemia ye-leyeloematic acute. Nangona le ntsholongwane ingabonakali, isifo siyaqhubeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye kunzima ukunyanga. Umngcipheko wokulimala ukwanda ngokukhula.
I-leememia ye-myeloblastic efanelekileyo
Ukuchonga ngokucacileyo izinto ezibangela ukuguqulwa kwamaseli kwintsipho yethambo, okwangoku akunakwenzeka. Izizathu ezikhoyo zoluphulo ziquka:
- ukungcola kokusingqongileyo;
- irradiation kunye nemitha;
- ukuchithwa kweekhemikhali ezifana ne-benzene kunye ne-formalin;
- izifo zomzimba zomzimba (isifo se-Down, i-Wesler-Fanconi isemia, isifo seBloom);
- ubude obude emzimbeni weyeza ze-cytotoxic.
Ukwahlula kwe-leukemia ye-myeloblastic
Ngokutsho kwenkqubo yezokwelapha ngokuqhelekileyo, isifo esicatshungulwayo sahlula ngamacandelwana alandelayo:
- I-M0 - i-leyemia engeyiyo-lymphoblastic lememia;
- i-leememia ye-myeloblastic ye-leyemia M1 ngaphandle kweempawu zokuvelisa;
- i-myeloblastic leukemia ye-M2 eneempawu ezimpawu zokukhula;
- leyemia ye-promyelocytic M3;
- i-myeloblastic okanye i-myelomonocytic leukemia M4;
- i-myelomonocytic leukemia kunye nenhlanganisela yethambo le-eosonophilia iM4 (oo);
- i-monoblast leukemia yeM5a;
- i-leocemical leukemia yeM5b;
- I-erythrocyte i-leukemia ephezulu i-M6a;
- i-leyemia ecocekileyo ye-leyemia i-M6b;
- i-megakaryoblastic leukemia yeM7;
- i-leopemia ye-basophilic M8.
I-leyeloemlastic acute leukemia - iimpawu
Ekuqaleni kokutshintshaniswa kweeseli, lesi sifo asibonakali. Emva kokugqithisa ngokweqile kwimizimba yamathambo, iifom ze-leukocyte ezifayo zingapheliyo ziqhutyelwa yigazi emzimbeni wonke kwaye zihlala kwipeni, i-lymph node, isibindi kunye nezinye izitho.
Isigaba sokuqala sesifo sibonakaliswe yimpawu:
- ukwehla kwimisebenzi yokukhusela yokukhusela, ngenxa yoko isigulane sithinteka kwiintsholongwane zaso rhoqo;
- buthathaka;
- ukwanda kancinci kumbindi womzimba.
Njengoko ukutshintshwa kweeseli ezinobungozi zamalungu angaphakathi kunye neembrane ezinamaqabunga kunye nama-clones aguqulwe ngenguqu, ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswe:
- i-meningitis ;
- pneumonia;
- ukuphala kwamanzi kunye nesisu;
- iingxaki ezinzima zezifo ezithathelwanayo.
Kwinqanaba lesibini, ngaphandle kokunonyamekela unyango lwezempilo, umntu udla ngokufa ngenxa yeengcingo zangaphakathi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, amanqanaba angentla apha okuphuhliswa ngumhlaza, ngoko ukuxilongwa kokuxilongwa kwe-leememia ye-myeloblastic ye-acute i-acute leukemia. I-pathogenesis ye-Wavy yesi sifo yenza kube lula ukuyichonga kumanyathelo okuqala ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo zelabhoratri zegazi kunye nokugxininisa kweziganeko ezikuyo.
Unyango lwe-leyemia ye-myeloblastic
Njengezinye iintlobo zamanomdlavuza, i-leukemia idinga i- chemotherapy enezigaba ezibini eziphambili:
- ukupheliswa kweeseli eziye zatshintshwa ukuguqula izityalo;
- kuncipha kwinani lama-clones kwizicubu zomzimba.
Unyango luqhutyelwa iikhosi eziliqela kunye nekhefu elifutshane kunye nokwamkelwa kwamanye amayeza anciphisa ukuvuvukala. Ukongezelela, i-intake ephakanyisiweyo yamavithamini, ama-immunomodulators. Ukungalungi
Enye yezindlela eziphambili zokuphatha olu hlobo lomhlaza wesifo ngumthambo we-bone lomtsalane. Le ndlela ibandakanya ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo kwezicubu ezingasebenziyo kunye nempilo. Utyando lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba ngaphezu kwesigamu sezigulane kule meko zonyango ngokupheleleyo.