Igama elithi "abaqaphi bokubeleka" kwiimbilini zivame ukusetyenziswa ukukhetha utshintsho lwezonyango ezenzeka nge-cervix. Ngaphantsi kwezenzo ze-hormone ithambisa, ilula, ivula. Cinga ngolu hlobo ngokubanzi, ubiza izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo, iimvakalelo ezithatyathwe ngumfazi okhulelweyo ngexesha elifanayo.
Abaqulunqo bezabasebenzi kwiindawo eziphambili
Ixesha lokuhanjiswa lona linomdla kakhulu kubafazi abalindele ukubukeka koonyana bokuqala. Le nyaniso ichazwa yinyaniso yokuba abafazi abaninzi abakhulelweyo abazi ngeempawu zokuzalwa kwangaphambili kwi-primiparas. Ukuthetha noogqirha, baya kufunda malunga nale nto, njengabo baqalayo bokubeletha kwabo bokuqala, phakathi kwabo:
- Ikhefu lomzimba. Umama wesikhathi esizayo ngokwakhe ubona indlela eyenza aphefumule ngayo, ukutshabalalisa iphela. Ngexesha elifanayo, urekhoda ukuba i-gait iye yaba nzima, kunzima ukuhamba.
- Ukuhamba kwiplagi yomdaka. Ngethuba lokuthwala umntwana kwinkqubo yokuzala (umlomo wesibeleko), i-clock ye-mucus yenziwe, evelisa yona. Idlala ngokuthe ngqo indima yemingcele kwindlela ye-microorganisms ye-pathogenic, ukukhusela umntwana kunye nesisu ngenxa yemiphumo eyingozi. Kungekudala ngaphambi kwexesha lokuhambisa, ibhinqa lirekhodile ukuhamba kwakhe kwisigxina somfazi.
- Ukunciphisa ukusebenza komqhubi womntwana. Abaninzi abafazi abakhulelweyo babhala ukuba ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, umntwana uyancipha. Oku kungenxa yokungabi nendawo yokukhulula kunye nobukhulu obukhulu bomntwana.
- Ukutyalwa kwesibindi. Ukuxhatshazwa kwexesha eliqhelekileyo kwindonga yesisu yangasemva kunye nokubethelwa kwangasese kwisisu esezantsi kubonisa ukunyuka kwintengiso yezifunu ze-muscle. Ukulwa okunjalo kuthiwa ukuqeqeshwa ngenxa yokuba abaholeli ekuphuhlisweni kwabasebenzi.
- Utshintsho lweposi. Ngenxa yokufuduka kweziko lokudakalisa, ukuguqulwa kweendleko, intloko ingaphambuki.
- Ukwanda kwenani lokuhamba. Uxinzelelo oluqinileyo oluqhutyelwa kwi-bladder yi-fetus ludinga ukukhutshwa rhoqo kwilungu.
- Ukubonakala kweentlungu ezingenakunqwenela kwisisu esezantsi, kwindawo yangasemva. Ibhinqa lilungisa umzobo, ibuhlungu buhlungu bukhulu. Ikhupha isezantsi kwesisu ngaphambi kokubeleka ngokuyinhloko kuzalwa ozelwe kuqala.
Ukuvalelwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwi-primipara
Umfazi ngamnye okhulelweyo unokuchaza ngokucacileyo iimvakalelo zakhe ngaphambi kokuzala. Kodwa ininzi yabasetyhini sele sele benabantwana bathi konke kwaqala ngokubonakala kwintsipho engacacileyo, engabonakaliyo yentlungu ephantsi kwesisu nangasemuva. Ngokuqhelekileyo benza njengesimo esibuhlungu - qhubeka ixesha elide, thule ixesha elifutshane. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukwanda kwe-defecation kungaqatshelwa.
Oogqirha bathi loo maqhinga okubeletha adibene nemizamo yomzimba ukucoca amathumbu. Esi sihlalo asitshintshi. Ukongezelela, iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba kuhanjiswe ukuhanjiswa kweentlungu kunye nokuhlanza. Oku kusungulwe kwangaphambili kwenyusa kwi-concentration yegazi le-hormone oxytocin, evuselela umsebenzi wabasebenzi. Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo yalo, umsebenzi we-uterine ye-myometrium uyanda.
Ihla nini isisu ngaphambi kokubeletha ozelwe kuqala?
Iimpawu ezihambelana nomtshintsho kwindawo ekubonwayo ngayo isisu sibhekisela kuma-precursors awaziwayo okubeletha. Yibangelwa yinkqubo yokunciphisa intloko yentloko kwi-pelvis encinci, iguqula indawo yomzimba wayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, umama ozayo ulungisa ukuphucula, kuphucula impilo. Kodwa i-primiparous, ngenxa yokungakwazi kwabo, musa ukucinga le meko. Ngenxa yoko, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwamukelwa ngumntwana, babuza umbuzo malunga nendlela yokuqonda ukuba isisu sehlile ngaphambi kokuzala. Oogqirha babonisa ukuba kukho iziganeko ezilandelayo:
- ukwanda kwexesha lokuhamba;
- ukunyamalala kwentswelo yokuphefumula kwangoko nje;
- kuncipha kumsebenzi wesisu.
Kukho indlela elula yokuseka ukuba kukho ukulahla esiswini . Ukwenza oku, kufuneka uvavanye: faka isandla kwisithuba esiphakathi kwesifuba nendawo ephezulu yesisu. Ukuba phantse yonke intendelezo ifakwe kuyo, oku kubonisa indlela yokwenziwa kweenkonzo. Ngokutsho kwezokwelapha, into efana nayo ibhalwa kwabasetyhini ababeletha okokuqala, iiveki 2-3 phambi kokuqala kwenkqubo yokuzalwa. Ixesha lexesha linenani elilinganayo. Ngokujonga ukuba ukukhulelwa ngamnye kunokwakhe okukhethileyo, kunokutshintsha kwinqanaba elincinci okanye elincinci.
Abaqulunqi bokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuqala
Ngaphambi kokubonakala kwangaphambi komntwana ekukhanyeni uthethe ekuzalweni kwakhe ngexesha lokusukela kwiiveki ezingama-28 ukuya kweeyure ezingama-37. Lo mcimbi awunakwenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Kwixesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe, abaqeshisi bokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa bazinzileyo. Phakathi kwazo:
- ukukhathazeka kwisisu esisezantsi, esifana nesimo esilungele ixesha lokuya esikhathini;
- ukuphuma kwegazi kumfazi;
- ukungabikho kokuhamba komntwana;
- ukuvuza kwe-amniotic fluid.
Harbinger ye genera
Imiqondiso yokunikezelwa kwangethuba ekuzalweni kwakhona ayikho into eyahlukileyo naleyo ekhoyo xa uzalwe kuqala. Isici esahlukileyo kubo kukuba bangabonakali kakhulu kwaye bangabonakala kamva. Ngenxa yoko, kunzima ukuchonga. Kodwa lona wesifazane obeletha ngokusisigxina ukhumbule ezo zibopho zokuzalwa ezazibhiyozelwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakhe umntwana wokuqala. Uya kukwazi ngokuhamba kwakhe kusondele esibhedlele.
Imiva ngaphambi kokubeleka ekuzalweni kwakhona
Abasetyhini, abazalela umntwana wesibini kunye nabantwana abalandelayo, bayaziwa malunga nabo bonke abahamba phambili bokuzalwa kwangaphambili. Ngomhla omude malunga neyure ezayo "X" ibhinqa elikhulelweyo liya kuqonda indlela aziva ngayo, indlela aguqula ngayo umsebenzi wakhe. Ininzi iqaphele ukuba ngokukhawuleza ekupheleni kwexesha lokunyamezela kukho ukuphucula okubukhali, ukugqithiswa kwamandla, umnqweno wokwenza yonke ishishini elingagqibekanga, ukulungiselela igumbi lomntwana. Le nto ibhekisa ngokuthelekiswa nesikhokelo sokuhlala.
Ingaba isisu sisenza nini ngaphambi kokuzala i-moles?
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kubasetyhini ababeletha ngokuphindaphindiweyo abafazi babonakaliswe ukuhla kwexesha elisenyangeni ngaphambi kokubeleka. Lo mcimbi uhambelana nezihlunu ezibuthathaka zomgangatho wesisu kunye neplavic - ngenxa yokukhulelwa kokuqala. Kwezinye iimeko, ukungaphumeleli kungabhalwa xa i- amniotic fluid ikhutshwa , xa inkqubo yokubonakala komntwana iqala ngokukhawuleza.
Abaqulunqisi beproterm abasebenzi basebenza kwakhona
Ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambili kubangelwa ziinkcenkcesho zenkqubo yokugaya. Phakathi kwezi ndawo, indawo ephambili ibambelele ngumfutho wegazi ophezulu wesisu. Ngalolu hlobo, kukho ukwanda kwintsebenziswano yezivumelwano ze-muscular fibers ye-myometrium. Oogqirha bacwangcisa iimpawu zokuzalwa kwasekuqaleni, phakathi kwazo:
- ukuvulwa kwentamo yesisu;
- ukubonakala kokuphuma kwegazi ;
- ukuphulwa komgangatho we-amniotic fluid.
Uhudo ngaphambi kokubeleka
Ngokuqhelekileyo elinde ukuzalwa kwesibili, abaxhomekeke kuye ngasentla, ibhinqa lilungisa ukuphulwa okuphambili kwesitokethi emva komhla. Le nto ibangelwa ngenguqu kwisimo somntwana kunye nokwanda kwimizuzu ye-hormone ekhuthaza inkqubo yokuzalwa. Oogqirha bathi ngale ndlela umzimba ugawula amathumbu, ukwandisa isikhala somzila wesisu, esiza kususa umntwana.
Iveki yama-40 yokukhulelwa - akukho zihlandlo zokubeletha
Kwezinye iimeko, iiveki ezingama - 40 , kwaye akukho zibonakaliso zokuzalwa okuzayo. Ngenxa yoko, umfazi akakwazi ukuqonda ukuba kungekudala uza kuzala. Yonke imihla ihamba kunye nokulinda. Into efana nayo ichazwa ngamanani amaninzi:
- Isimo esingalunganga sexesha lokuguga;
- Umjikelezo omdala wokuya esikhathini (ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-30).
Emva kweeveki ezingama-40 zesigxina, umfazi ubhekiswa esibhedlele. Kwiziko lempilo, imeko yakhe ilawulwa ngokupheleleyo koogqirha. Kwimeko yokulwa, ukutyhila entanyeni yowesifazane okhulelweyo ukuguqulela emva kokubeleka, kunye neholo lokubeletha apho umntwana ebonakala khona ekukhanyeni. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba inkqubo yokunikezela ngokwayo iyenzeka ekuzalweni kwakhona ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula.