I-Erythrocytes - amancinci amancinci egazi abomvu, abaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokuqhelekileyo komzimba. Injongo yabo kukuthutha i-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide. Inani elincinciweyo okanye elinyukayo lamaseli obomvu libonisa ukungasebenzi kakubi kwinkqubo yokuxhasa abantu ubomi.
I-Erythrocytosis - Iindidi
Inani elongeziweyo leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwigazi (i-erythrocytosis) alithathwa njengesifo esizimeleyo. Kunoko kungabonakali okanye ukuphendula komzimba kwizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kanye kunye nokwanda kwinqununu yamaseli obomvu, izinga le-hemoglobin landa kakhulu. Kwimichiza, udidi olulandelayo lwe-erythrocytosis luyamkelwa:
- eziphambili;
- yesibini.
Eli lilandelayo lihlukaniswe ngo:
- ngokupheleleyo;
- isihlobo.
I-erythrocytosis yaseprayimari
Le meko isifo esizimeleyo seenkqubo ze-hematopoietic kwaye sinomzimba wobomi. Ivela ngenxa yokuguqulwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezikhokelela ekuphukeni komsebenzi wazo-ukuthuthwa kwe-oxygen. I-erythrocytosis ye-Hereditary ayinqabile. Kwiyeza, liyaziwa njenge-congenital polycythemia okanye i-Vaquez isifo. Le ntsholongwane ibangela ukwanda kwomsindo we-bone lomthamo kunye nokwanda kwemveliso yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye ne-hemoglobin.
I-erythrocytosis yesiSekondari
Ezi zityalo zibhekwa njengesifo sezifo ezinzima okanye ezingapheliyo, ezibonakaliswa ngokubonakaliswa kwe-oxygen engapheliyo. Ngenxa yoko, iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ziveliswa emzimbeni. I-erythrocytosis ye-Symptomatic ivela rhoqo ngenxa yokungabi ncitshiswa kwe-oksijini kubantu abahlala ezintabeni.
I-absentythrocytosis neyesihlobo
Ezi zihlobo ezimbini ze-polycythemia yesibini. I-erythrocytosis echaphazelekayo ivela ngenxa yokunciphisa inani elipheleleyo legazi ngenxa yokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Ukwanda kwenani le-erythrocytes kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ubukhulu beplasma. I-erythrocytosis engekho ngokupheleleyo yiphumo le-erythropoiesis - inkqubo yokwakhiwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwi-bone yomnatha. Le ndlela yokukhubazeka ihlala ihamba nezifo zengaphakathi okanye iinkqubo ezipheleleyo.
Erythrocytosis - Izizathu
Ngokwezibalo, i-polycythemia ifunyanwe kwizigulane zombini zesini ezahlukeneyo. Iimbangela ze-erythrocytosis kubasetyhini zixhomekeke kwifom yayo. Phakathi kwezinye eziqhelekileyo zilandelayo:
1. I-primary anomaly yisoloko isiphumo se-hematopoietic defect kwizinga lofuzo okanye ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo.
2. I-polycythemia yesibini yinto efunyenweyo kwaye ngoko inezizathu ezininzi:
- i-carbon monoxide yetyhefu kwinkqubo yokutshaya;
- Ukuhlala ephakamileyo ezintabeni kuphazamisa i-hypoxia, ekhokelela ekunyuseni kwindlela yokuvelisa i-erythrocytes;
- izifo ezingapheliyo zesifo sokuphefumula kunye nesimo senhliziyo;
- isifo sesifo;
- i-oncology ye-etiology ehlukeneyo;
- i-erythrocytosis echaphazelekayo inokuvela ngenxa yexesha elide lokusesikweni okanye ukuphuma kwegazi;
- Ukungabikho kwe-vitamin B12 kumzimba wesetyhini kubangela ukwanda kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi;
- Izifo ezithintekayo, ezihamba kunye nokuhlanza kunye nesifo sohudo;
- xi nzelelo;
- imeko ezixinzelelekileyo;
- nokukhululeka.
I-Erythrocytosis - iimpawu
Ukwanda kwinqanaba leeseli ezibomvu zegazi litshona. Ngoko ke, iimpawu ze-pathology zibonakaliswa kakuhle. Kwimeko yolu hlobo lwesifo, isigulane sinokuyibona le miqondiso ye-erythrocytosis:
- ukugxininiswa kwegazi, okubonakalayo ngokucutshungulwa;
- ukulungelelanisa ukulungelelanisa, ukuxhaphaza rhoqo;
- kutyhafa;
- iintloko ezithatha uhlobo lwe-migraine;
- iipumpu;
- ithoni yesikhumba ebomvu-cyanotic;
- ukukhathala okungapheliyo;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala nokulala ubusuku;
- uvakalelo lwengqondo;
- ukunyanzeliswa kwezifo ezingapheliyo;
- iinkqubo emva kokuhlamba;
- ukuphulwa komsebenzi we-genitourinary system - umqondiso we-polycythemia yabesifazane.
I-Erythrocytosis - I-Diagnosis
Ukuze kucaciswe imbangela yokuvela kwe-plethora, ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound yezitho zangaphakathi, imiphunga ye-X-rays, ukuhlolwa kwe-cardiovascular system. Ukuba kukho ukufunyanwa kwendawo yokwakhiwa kwe-thrombi kufumaneka, kufuneka kuqhagamshelwaniswe ingcali. Emva kokunyanga kwesigulane kwiklinikhi, ugqirha ukhetha inani leephando zebhubhoratri kunye nezixhobo. Phakathi kweyokuqala-ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngegazi. Ukuxilongwa kwe "erythrocytosis" kuqinisekiswa ukuba i-serum level ye-erythrocytes kubasetyhini i-6.5-7.5x1012 / l.
Ezinye izalathisi nazo ziqwalaselwe ngqalelo:
- ukwanda kwe-hemoglobin ngaphezu kwama-140 g / l;
- ukwanda kwenani lama-leukocytes kunye namaaplatelet.
Erythrocytosis - unyango
Unyango lwe-erythrocytosis kubasetyhini ijoliswe ekunciphiseni izinga legazi elibomvu. Ukunciphisa i-viscosity yegazi nokukhusela ukuvela kwe-thrombi, unyango oluyinkimbinkimbi lisetyenziswe, olunezigaba eziliqela:
1. Misela iziyobisi ukunyanga isifo esisisiseko, kuba i-polycythemia ingaba yenye yeempawu zakhe.
2. Ukuba i-erythrocytosis ibangelwa yi-hypoxia yamathambo, iinkqubo zenziwa nge-oxygen.
3. Kunconywa kakhulu ukuba uyeke ukutshaya.
4. Ukunciphisa igazi elichazwe ngama-antiplatelet agents kunye nee-anticoagulants:
- Aspirin;
- Courantil ;
- Trental;
- Heparin.
5. Kanye kunye neyeza zonyango, i-hirudotherapy isetyenziswa kakhulu. Le ndlela iqulethe ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa zezokwelapha, ezityayo igazi elingaphezu kwegazi kwaye unikeze umzimba ngomzimba okhethekileyo - i-hirudin. Unyango luqhutyelwa kwizifundo, amaxesha amabini ngonyaka.
6. Ukuhambelana nokutya okhethekileyo kuya kunceda ukuqinisa iindonga zeempahla kunye nokulahla ubunzima obukhulu. Imveliso kufuneka ikhutshwe ekudleni kwansuku zonke equkethe isinyithi, umzekelo:
- inyama enamafutha;
- buckwheat;
- ipeysi;
- lentile;
- isipinashi nabanye.
Akukhuthazwa ukuthatha i-multivitamines kunye neemaminerali.
7. Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kunye nokuzivocavoca ngokulinganayo kuya kunceda ukuhlanganisa umphumo wonyango. Kwinkqubo yoqeqesho, izinga le-cholesterol linciphisa kwaye imetabolism emzimbeni ikhawuleza, kwaye izicubu zigcwele ngokugcwele umoya.