I-Atresia yesigxina yinkxalabo enkulu yokuphuhliswa kwengxaki efunyanwe kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa, ezibonakaliswe ngumqobo wendawo. Kwiimeko ezingama-90% zihamba kunye nobukho be-fistula engaphantsi kwe-tracheoesophageal.
I-atresia yama-Congenital ye-esophagus ezisanda kuzalwa
Sekunje umntwana osanda kuzalwa esibhedlele angafumanisa ubukho bentsholongwane yenkqubo yokutya:
- ukusuka kwintsipho yomlomo kunye nomlomo wengane ifika nge-foam;
- umntwana akanako ukugwinya; ukutshiza yonke into;
- uhlamba kwaye ezinye zeziqulatho zingaphuma ngeempumlo;
- ukukhwehlela okukhulu kunye nemiqondiso yokuxhatshazwa;
- ukucima.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngenxa yoko, umntwana osanda kuzalwa usenza i-aspiration pneumonia.
Njengenkqubo yokuxilonga, i-esophagus iqhutywe isampula yendlovu: xa ingena emoyeni kwisigxu, iphuma empumlweni nasemlonyeni (oku kubonisa isampuli efanelekileyo). Kwakhona, ugqirha ubeka i-radiography, engabhekanga nje kuphela kwimeko yesifo, kodwa nemipuphu.
Ngaphandle kokusola kancinci ukuba khona kwe-atresia yesigxina kumntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa, umzila ophezulu wokuphefumula kufuneka uhlanjululwe ngokukhawuleza ukwenzela ukuba ugweme ukuphalaza kwepneumonia. Emva koko uthumele umntwana kumasebe agqirha ukuze unyango olongezelelweyo.
I-Atresia yesifo kubantwana: izizathu kunye neempawu
Iyona nto ebangela ukuba i-atresia ye-esophage iphazamise ekukhuleni nasekuphuhlisweni kwendlela yokugaya inyama ngexesha lokuphuhlisa intliziyo (kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa).
I-Atresia yesifo: unyango
Kubalulekile ukuqala unyango lomntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa yokuba ukungabikho kwexesha elide lokufumana ukutya kukukhokelela ekudambiseni amandla kunye nokunyuka, okubandakanya ukunyanzelisa.
Isophagus ye-Atrial iphathwa ngophengululo, isiphumo esona siphumelele xa senziwa kwiiyure ezingama-24 zokuqala emva kokuzalwa komntwana. Emva kokusebenza, umntwana ufakwa kwibhokisi nganye kwiyunithi yonyango enzulu, apho kuqhubeka unyango olunzima. Nangona kunjalo, kwixesha lokuhamba emva, kunokubakho iingxaki ezivela kumaphaphu.
Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha unokunyanzelisa i-gastrostomy (uvulo olukhethekileyo oluphambili kwindonga yangaphambili yesigxina esiswini, apho isigulane sondliwa ngetyathisi).
Nangona kunjalo, nangaphambi kokuzalwa, kunokwenzeka ukulandelela ukungabikho okanye ubukho besisu ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Kodwa akuzona zonke iitshini ze-ultrasound ezingakwazi ukuyiqonda le nto.
Ibhinqa ngexesha lokukhulelwa livame ukuphawulwa nge-polyhydramnios kunye nosongelo lokukhupha isisu, olunokuthi lube ngumqondiso we-atresia yomntwana ekhoyo.
Ukuxakeka kwesi sifo kubangelwa ukulandelelana
Impumelelo yokuphilisa i-atresia ye-esopha yayiza kuba phezulu xa, ngaphambi kokusondla kokuqala emva kokubeleka, umntwana ngamnye uya kuhlola ingxaki yokuhlola ubuchule balo. Kule meko, ukungenelela kwongxamnye, okwenziwa kwiiyure zokuqala zobomi bentsana, kuya kwandisa amathuba akhe okusinda.
Kubalulekile ngexesha lokuxilonga i-atresia ye-esopha kwaye uqale unyango, njengoko esi sifo sinokufaka isandla ekufeni. Kwimizekelo amaninzi, ukuxela kwangaphambili kuyinto engathandekiyo ngenxa yenani elikhulu leengxaki ezinokudibanisa kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukungenelela kwangaphambili.