Umntwana osemncinci kakhulu uhlala ehlushwa izifo ze-catarrhal. Indawo yokuqala yiyo yezifo ze-ENT. Ezi zifo zibandakanya i-adenoids (izifo ezibangelwa yi-adenoidal disorders) - ukwanda kwimizimba ye-lymphoid kwi-nasopharyngeal tonsil. I-Adenoids ngokwayo iyimfuneko emzimbeni, njengoko yenza umsebenzi okhuselekileyo kwaye ukhusele ukungena kwamachiza ezinobungozi emoyeni emzimbeni womntwana.
Ziphi i-adenoids kumntwana?
Iitoni ze-Nasopharyngeal zikwindawo ephezulu ye-pharynx, emva kwesibhakabhaka kwaye ibonisa ukuphakama kobukhulu obuphantsi kwendawo ye-mucosa ye-pharyngeal.
I-adenoids ibukeka njani kubantwana?
Ukuze uqonde indlela yokubona i-adenoids kumntwana, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba bajonga njani.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-adenoids kumntwana inkulu kunabantu abadala. Kodwa ngo-12 ubudala bancipha kwaye bafana nobukhulu obufana nomntu omdala. Kwamanye ama-adoleseno adenoids angahle aphele. Oku kubangelwa kukuba i-system immune system inomthwalo okwandisiweyo, ekubeni umntwana unako ukufumanisa izifo ezithathelwanayo.
I-Adenoids yimizimba ye-lymphoid eyingxenye ye-nasopharyngeal tonsil. Kufumaneka ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwe-nasopharynx, ngoko kunzima ukuphawula kunye nokuhlolwa kwangaphandle kwe-adenoid. Ziyakubonwa kwi-reception kwi-ENT esebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo: iiribri (i-rhinoscope), i-optics ekhanyayo (i-endoscope).
Indlela yokuchonga i-adenoids kumntwana?
I-Adenoids kubantwana inempawu ezilandelayo:
- Umntwana unzima ukuphefumula ekhaleni lakhe, nangona engabanda;
- ngexesha lokulala umntwana uvula umlomo wakhe aze alale ngomlomo wakhe uvule ubusuku bonke;
- ukusuka ekhaleni lomntwana onokukugcina ukukhutshwa;
- umntwana uyabongela ephupheni.
Ngenxa yobunzima bokulala ubusuku nokuphefumula emini, abazali bayaqaphela ukuba umntwana wabo akafumani ukulala ngokwaneleyo, uyaba lukhuni. Ukuba umntwana uya esikolweni, ngoko unako ukuphumelela kwezemfundo.
Impawu ezikhoyo ze-adenoids kubantwana zifuna unyango kwi-otolaryngologist.
Iziganga ze-adenoids
Ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu besifo, i-adenoids yahlula ngokwezinga lesisindo:
- Idireyi yokuqala: i-kholera ivaliwe ngumntu wesithathu, ukuphefumula komzimba kunzima, kodwa ngemini umntwana angenakufumana ukuphazamiseka;
- I-degree yesibili: i-choana ivalwe isiqingatha, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphosa ephupheni, i-muscus ikhutshwa kwi-nasopharynx;
- kwi-degree yesithathu: i-choana ivaliwe zimbini zesithathu, ukuvinjelwa okupheleleyo kwomoya ngendlela engumlomo, umlomo ohlala uvule kancane kunye nomhlathi ongaphantsi.
Iziphumo ze-adenoids kubantwana
Ukuba eso sifo siqalisiwe, ngoko imiphumo emibi kakhulu inokwenzeka:
- ukukhubazeka kokuva;
- utshintsho lwezwi;
- intloko;
- Izifo ezivuthayo zendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu ( laryngitis , pharyngitis, bronchitis, tracheitis);
- umntwana omncinci ufumana ubunzima bokuthetha intetho.
Kukho ubuso obubizwa ngokuba yi-"adenoid" - umlomo ovulekileyo, ucofeze iintlobo ze-soasobial, ukuxubha kwezihlunu zobuso. Emva koko, umntwana usenokuphefumula nokukhwehlela. Kwakhona, i-adenoids kubantwana banesifo semvelo.
Ukwanda kwe-adenoids kumntwana kudinga ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kubazali kunye nokubonisana nogqirha othethekileyo, kuba ekuhambeni kwawo ukuba baninzi baya kuba nefuthe elibi kumsebenzi weenqwelo zokuphicotha nokuthetha.
Ukuba kukho ezinye iimpawu zokuvuvukala kwe-adenoids kumntwana, ke indima ebalulekileyo idlalwe yinqanaba lokubonakalisa indawo, evaliwe yi-hoyana. Ekubeni kwimeko yesifo esichaziweyo, utyando lungafuneka - i-adenotomy ( ukususwa kwe-adenoids ).