Isiqhamo sisona siganeko esiqhelekileyo sokubanda kubantwana bokuqala kunye nesibini kwiminyaka yobomi. Nangona kubonakala ukuba ukukhohlela komntwana kubonakalisa umonakalo kwi-bronchi, i-larynx okanye i-trachea, ubukho bayo bubuncedo, kuba ngexesha lokukhwehlela umntwana uhlambulula i-airways kwiindawo ezinobungozi kunye ne-sputum, eyadala ixesha elide.
Izizathu zokukhupha komanzi kunye noomileyo ngomntwana ngonyaka ongu-1
Ngaphambi kokunyanga umntwana okhwehlelayo, kuyimfuneko ukuseka imbangela yembonakalo yayo:
- ubukho benkqubo yokuvuvukala phezulu (nasopharynx kunye ne-oropharynx, impumlo) kunye nezantsi (imiphunga, i-trachea, i-bronchus) i-airways;
- ukuvuvukala kwesono se-nasal, i-adenoids;
- Isikhumba njengempawu ye-asthma ye-bronchi ingenza njengengozi yokukhahlela;
- umoya owomileyo kunye nomoya ofudumele kwigumbi labantwana;
- unxibelelwano kunye neengxaki ezibangelwa ukukhwehlela.
Kwezinye iimeko, ukukhwehlela kungabakho kwengqondo xa ibonakaliswa kwimeko ephazamisayo kumntwana. Emva koko kuyimfuneko ukubonisana nengqondo yengqondo yomntwana kwaye ufumene isizathu esinobalo sokwesaba, ngenxa yoko umntwana eqala ukukhwehlela.
Kungenzeka ukuba umntwana unqamle into yangaphandle kwaye ke waqala ukukhwehlela ngokukhawuleza nangokuqhubekayo. Kwimeko enjalo, kuyimfuneko ukubonelela ngokukhawuleza umntwana ngoncedo lokuqala kwaye ubhekise kubasebenzi bezonyango.
Ukhuhlane kumntwana onyakeni o-1: yintoni ukunyanga?
Ukunyanga kokukhwehlela komntwana, ukuba uneminyaka engama-1 ubudala, kufuneka ukuba anikwe ingqalelo esondeleyo kugqirha kunye ne-ENT ingcali ukuze angabandakanyi iingxaki ezingakumbi zokuphuhliswa kwesifo.
Ekhaya, abazali kufuneka baqinisekise ukuthotyelwa komntwana nokulala, kwaye ngaphezu koko kunika uxolo kunye nokuzola ixesha lokugula.
Isiselo esininzi kunye nesondlo esifanelekileyo, ezizityebi kwiimveliso ezinokusetyenziswa kunye namavithamini, zinokuqinisa ukukhuseleka komntwana kwaye zikhawuleze inkqubo yokuphilisa. Njengoko umntwana echitha amandla amaninzi kunye namandla okulwa nokugula kwakhe ngendlela yokukhwehlela, ukutya kwakhe kufanele kube ngeekhalori eziphezulu, ukuze umzimba ungenzela ukulahleka kwamandla. Isiselo esininzi siza kuququzelela ukuvelisa ngokukhawuleza kwe-sputum kwi-bronchi.
Ukuba umntwana uneminyaka eli-1 ubudala kwaye unomkhuhlane oqinileyo, ukukhwehlela owomileyo nokumanzi kufuneka kuvezwe, kuba bafuna unyango oluhlukile. Ngokomzekelo, kukho isiraphu ye-herbion, esetyenziswe ngeenguqulelo ezimbini: ukusuka kwisikhwehlo samanzi kunye noomile. Iipilisi ezisuka kwisikhwehlo zinganikwa umntwana oneminyaka elilodwa ubudala kwifom etyumkileyo, ukuxubusha ngaphambili kunye ne-liquid. Nangona kunjalo, injongo yesiraphu ikhethwayo, kuba iqala isenzo sayo ngokukhawuleza nangaphezulu.
Njengabaxhasi, ugqirha unokumisela amayeza alandelayo: i-glaucine, i-butamate, i-prenoxyndiazine, i-ACC, i- ambroxol , i- bromhexine . Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-pocolytic akunako ukuphilisa ngokupheleleyo umntwana wokukhwehlela, kodwa banceda ukunciphisa ukukhwehlela, njengokunciphisa i-sputum eyenziwe kwiibhubhu ze-bronchial.
Ukunyangwa kobuthakathaka kumntwana oneminyaka elilodwa, umntu unokungena kumachiza omntu, okubonisa ukuba usebenzisa ingcambu ye-althea, i-licorice, amaqabunga e-plantain, umama kunye nomama wesibini, i-thyme ukuze unciphise i-sputum kwi-bronchi kunye nokususwa kwayo ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni womntwana.
Ukuba ukukhwehlela kubangelwa ukungabikho komzimba, ugqirha unokuyalela ukusetyenziswa kwama-antihistamines.
Ukuba umntwana ukhwehlela unyaka owodwa ixesha elide kwaye unyango olulondolozayo alukho umphumo onqwenelekayo, ugqirha unokumisela ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinamandla ukukhusela i-reflex kwi-cortex ye-cerebral:
Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukukhwehlela akusiyo isifo ngokwawo, kodwa kusebenza nje njengesifo sesifo, esifanele siphathwe. Kwaye kuphela unyango oluyinkimbinkimbi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabaxhasi abaza kunceda umntu omncinane ukuba aphinde aphinde abuye.