Amalungiselelo eBisphosphonate

Iklasi ekhethekileyo yeziyobisi ezithintela ukulahleka kwenyama kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-osteoclasts zisetyenziswa ngokunyanga kwonyango lwe-osteoporosis kwabasetyhini. I-bisphosphonate okanye i-dysphosphonate amalungiselelo ahlanganiswayo asebenzayo afana neeprophosphates zendalo ezingqinelana nokuhlaziywa. Namhlanje zibhekwa njengemithi kuphela ye- osteoporosis nefuthe eliqinisekisiweyo.

Amagama amalungiselelo eqela le-bisphosphonate

Uhlobo lweyeza elithathwa njengoluhlu lukwahlula kumaqela amakhulu amakhulu-amayeza ane-nitrogen kunye neziyobisi ngaphandle kwalo.

Iintlobo zokuqala ziquka:

1. Alendronic acid. Ukukhuthaza ngokukodwa ukubuyiswa kwesakhiwo kunye nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esisemthethweni samathambo, ulawula inkqubo yokutshintshisana kunye neenkqubo zokuhlaziya. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibhalwe ukuba i-osteoporosis ephilileyo kunye ne-post-menopausal, i-hypercalcemia embi kunye ne-osteitis yokukhubazeka, ukukhusela i-fractures;
2. I-Zolendronate okanye i-zoledronic acid. Ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-osteoclasts, kodwa ayichaphazeli iinkqubo ze-bone mineralisation, iipropati zemishini kunye nokubunjwa kwamathambo;
3. I-Clodronic acid (Clodron, Bonefos). Iyanciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuka kwamathambo, ivelise umphumo wokubulala umzimba. Isetyenziswa kumachiza okuhlola, ukhetha ukutshabalalisa i-macrophages yamathambo;
4. I-Bondronate (ibadronic acid). Yenzelwe ngokukhethekileyo unyango lwabasetyhini, ngokukodwa oluchaphazelekayo kwixesha eliphambili. Kwakhona kusetyenziswe unyango lwama-hormonal substitution.

I-Bezazotistye i-bisphosphonates inokuthi ithathwe nge-metastases kwisithambo, iifom ezinzima zezicubu ezibi, i-hypercalcemia. Kule meko, ukhetho oluchanekileyo ngumlinganiselo ochanekileyo, ukuba ugqirha kufuneka ukubala. Ngaphandle koko, ngokugqithiseleyo, iingxaki zingenzeka.

Uluhlu lwamalungiselelo e-bisphosphonate ngaphandle kwe-nitrogen:

1. Tiludronate. Ukwandisa ubuninzi beethambo zesithambo, ngoko kudla ngokubhekiselelwe phambi kobuqhetseba kunye neziqhekeza;
2. Xidiphon, Pleistat okanye i-sodium etidronate. Iyasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zesifo sePaget, izifo ze-ecological, hypercalcemia, i-osteoporosis enkulu;
3. Ibhamronate sodium. Inceda kakuhle ngamachiza e-hormonal ngokufaka endaweni yonyango kwisithuba se-menopausal;
4. Clodronate. Ikhusela ukutshatyalaliswa kwamakristalum, ukuphuhliswa kwe-osteolysis. Isilwayo sinqunywe ngenxa yeengxaki ze-tumor ezibi, i-leukemias, i-lymphomas, i-metastases epheleleyo.

Imiyalelo ye-bisphosphonates

Ukwamkelwa kwamachiza achazwe ngasentla kwenziwa ngokuhambelana neengcebiso zegqirha 1 ngexesha ngosuku.

I-bisphosphonates ayifumanekanga i-soluble kakhulu, ngoko kufuneka ihlambuluke ngamanzi abilisiwe ngokugqithiseleyo kwindawo yokushisa lokubasa.

Kunqweneleka ukugcina ikhefu phakathi kwamkelwa ukutya kunye neziyobisi ze-bisphosphonate. Iipilisi kufuneka zithathwe iiyure eziyi-1,5 ngaphambi kokutya kwisisu esingenalutho - akukho ngaphaya kwemizuzu engama-60 emva kokutya.

Enye yeempawu ezingathandekiyo kweli qela leziyobisi ziyakwazi ukucaphukisa i-mucosa ye-esophagus, ukukhupha ukubunjwa kwezilonda ezincinci phezu komhlaba. Ngoko ke, emva kokuthatha i-bisphosphonates awukwazi ukulala ngokukhawuleza, kubalulekile kwimitha engama-90 (ubuncinci) ukuba ube kwindawo egciniweyo, unokuhlala, kodwa kungcono ukuhamba ngeenyawo okanye ukwenza umsebenzi wendlu. Oku kuya kuthintela iimpembelelo ezinjalo njengezibilini, ukuhlaziya i-reflux kunye ne-esophagitis.