Njengoko isipiliyoni sezolimo sasineminyaka eminyaka sibonisa, indle yezilwanyana zasemaplasini iyisichumisi esihle kakhulu kwisityalo segadi. Inyani kukuba i-ndoyi iqukethe izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kwizityalo. Ezi ziquka i-potassium kunye ne-calcium, i-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus, i-magnesium kunye nentsimbi. Kwakhona kumgquba uqukethe i-microflora esebenzayo, ngoko le kholeji yendalo inomdla kakhulu kumhlaba weyiphi na infield. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo. Masifunde indlela yokusebenzisa umquba wokucwina umhlaba.
Iintlobo zomgquba
Umgquba ungahluke ngokwemigangatho yokuchithwa, kwaye kuxhomekeka kwimeko yesilwanyana esafunyanwa kuyo.
Kwiimeko zokuqala, ezi ntlobo zomgquba ziyaziwa:
- esitsha - isetyenziswe njengesichumisi ekwindla, xa umhlaba ombiniwe ulungiselelwe ixesha elizayo. Kwakhona, umquba omtsha unokubeka kwiibhedi ezifudumeleyo, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo kufuneka lihlanganiswe ngendawo efanelekileyo yomhlaba, i-sawdust kunye ne-organic ukuze iingcambu zezityalo zingatshitshisi;
- Umgquba omiselweyo we-Semisubstituted is often used for fertilizing plants, ngendlela yesisombululo esinomsoco (1 kg ye-manure nganye nge-10 ilitha amanzi). Umgquba womquba ovela kumgquba njengeklabishi, ithanga , ikhukhamba, i-zucchini, isipinashi;
- Ukufumana umgquba owenziwe kakuhle sele sele ugciniwe, ngoko ke umlinganiselo walo wokutshiza izityalo ezichumisayo uphindwe kabini. Ukongezelela, kulungile ukwenza imixube yomhlaba izityalo ezivela kumgquba lowo;
- i-humus - uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesichumiso kwizityalo. Umgquba ogqityiwe ngokupheleleyo uphucula intle yemifuno ekhulile kuyo kwaye isetyenziswe kokubili ukudibanisa nomhlaba kunye nokudibanisa.
Ngokuphathelele uhlobo lwesibini lokwahlula, umgquba ogqithisileyo ubhekwa njengehashe. Ngokukhawuleza iyancipha, inika ubushushu obuninzi, kwaye ilungele ukuphucula umxube womhlaba kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo kunye neendawo zokugcina izithombo.
Umgquba wenkomo njengoko isichumisi sesibini esisebenza kakuhle. Ibuyisa umhlaba ngakumbi, kodwa uhlala ixesha elide. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-sawdust yemithi yongezwa kule kholeji.
Umgquba wegungxube usetyenziswa njengesichumiso ngokuqhelekileyo ngokubambisana nehashe, kuba ngokwalo inkunkuma yeengulube idiliza ixesha elide, ngaphandle kokudala
Indlela yokwenza umquba kumgquba?
Ukuguqula umquba omtsha ube ngumgangatho wesichumiso semvelo kumyezo wakho, kufuneka ubeke kwibhokisi ekhethiweyo yeebhokisi. Kule meko, iindawo zomquba zixutywa yi-moss peat, ezithatha umbane okhutshwe kakuhle, okanye ufulawa we-phosphorite.
Ukusetyenziswa komgquba wendalo kumchumisi kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezine-6, ezibangele umxube odibeneyo. Ukufumana i-humus kuya kufuneka ukuba ulinde iminyaka 1-2.