Egqithiswe ngexesha apho iplanethi yayibanjwe i-ferns, iintlobo zazo ziyamangaliswa ziintlobo zeeqabunga kwaye zihlala kuzo zonke iifanethi zeplanethi, kwaye ngoku zenza amaqhekeza ngokubanzi kumazwe ashushu namazwe atshisayo. Kwizityalo zanamhlanje, izityalo zangaphambili zixabiso lokuzihlobisa kwaye ziyakwazi ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi.
Iintlobo ze-fern yokuhlobisa
Yintoni eyahlula i-ferns kukuba zonke iintlobo zazo zinamaqabunga aqhelekanga, kodwa i-pre-regions (original) ye-original (i-vayi), eyona yinto yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ibe yindalo. Umgangatho wesibini othakazelisayo ukwazi ukuvelisa, kokubili ukutya kunye nokudla, okwenza izidalwa eziphilayo zifumaneke. Iifom eziphezulu kunye neengcambu zezityalo zidibana nazo, emahlathini emozulu eshushu ayenayo i-short stem ngesimo se-rhizome ngokupheleleyo emhlabeni. Kwiimeko ezichumayo, ukukhula ngaphezu komhlaba, i-vayas ikwazi ukufikelela ubukhulu obukhulu.
Abantu baseYurophu banomdla kakhulu kwiimpawu zokuhlobisa zezi zityalo zasendulo, ngokuthe ngcembe abantu baqala ukuhlukanisa iintlobo zegadi, iintlobo zangaphakathi. Bayakwazi ukuyihlobisa ngokuqinisekileyo isayithi, ukuba ibe yimvelaphi yeentyatyambo, ukungafani neendawo eziqhelekileyo zokutshala. Emazweni aseTropiki, iifom ezinamandla ezinjengomthi zisebenza njengomthombo wezinto zokwakha, kwaye izimpande kunye nezihluma kunye nenqwelomoya yesitrasi yezizwe ezithile zisetyenziselwa ukutya.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwiintlobo, iiferns zisetyenziselwa ukuhlobisa umyezo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iintlobo ezincinci zihlonyelwe kwiibhanki, zidala kuzo igadi zasemagqabini eziqhelekileyo. Iifom ze-Ampel zisandul Ziyakwazi ukuhlalisa iibalconi, i-loggias, iifestile zedolophu, imihlaba.
Kwimiyezo yokusebenzisa i-ferns nayiphi na uhlobo, ngokuqhelekileyo iphila kule meko. Ngokwesiko, batyalwe ngasecaleni kwamatye, asetyenziselwa ukuxhobisa izitiya zaseJapan , bahombise indawo yokupaka kwindlela yesimo. I-ferns ehamba phambili ibheka kufuphi nemilambo, kwiibhanki zamachibi okanye imilambo. I-Bamboo, i-Japanese primrose, i-sedge, i-coniferous trees, irises, i-rhododendron, iintlobo zehlathi zezityalo ezinokuthi zitsalwa ngaphaya kwazo. Ama-rhizomes of ferns asasazeka kwaye atyhidile abamelwane, kuyacetyiswa ukunciphisa ukukhula kwabo okanye ukwabelana ngeendawo eziphambili zokwakhiwa.
Fern davalia
Ukuqwalasela iintlobo zeeferns, iintlobo zazo kunye namagama, abaninzi begadi bahlala beqwalasela i-davallia, enewayini lokuqala elincinci. Esi sityalo sinokuthi siqondwe ngokukhawuleza sisistim seengcambu zomoya, esenza iifotyi zomeleleyo, njengeemilenze ezinomsolo wesilwanyana esihle. Kukho iintlobo ezinomdla ezithandekayo zale fern eneempawu eziphezulu zokubhena:
- I-dvalily idityiweyo - i-waii iyinxantathu, i-pinnate, ifikelela ubude be-50 cm kunye nobubanzi be-25 cm, ubude be-petiole bufikelela kwi-30 cm.
- I-Canary Dahvalia - iiferns ezinokubhenkcela ngokukhawuleza kunye namaqabunga ukuya kuma-45 cm ubude. Iinqwelo ezinqabileyo zichanekile, iingcambu zi-brown-brown, ipaspenscent ehamba kakuhle, ihamba ngokukhawuleza isitya kunye nesityalo.
- I-Dvallia pemphigus - ezithakazelisayo kunye neentlobo ezintle, i-canary kunye neentlobo ze-pemphigus zifana nokubonakala, kodwa amaqabunga esi sityalo sokugqibela aphefumula kancane kwaye amancinci (kuya kuma-25 cm). I-sporangia yaseBrown kwimigangatho yeengaphambili zeenduli ibonakala ngokucacileyo.
- I-Davallia Marisa - ukuphakama kwamahlathi kuya kuma-25 cm, i-villi kwiingcambu zilula, ezifanelekileyo ukulima kwangaphakathi.
Fern Millipede
Ukuba uzama ukuthola i-ferns ebusika, iintlobo zezityalo ezivulekileyo, kwaye ukutshala kwisayithi ye-centipede kuya kuba yinto ekhethekileyo. Amaqabunga akhumba, i-20 cm ubude, i-rhizome i-golden golden, i-wildlife. Iindlu zifakwe kumaqabunga emibini imigca ecaleni kwintambo ephakathi. I-centipede yi-fern edliweyo, eneengcambu ezinomsoco, ezisetyenziswe ngamayeza omthonyama emazweni amaninzi. Kuzo, iioli ezifunekayo zikhishwe kwaye amayeza akwenziwa.
Fern adianum
Phakathi kwazo zonke i-ferns, i-adianum ithathwa njengeyona nto inzima, edlalwa kuyo kubantu njengegama elihle "Venus of Hair", isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuhlobisa izimbali zomtshato. Impendulo yodwa yolu hlobo lwesityalo sezinto zokuhlobisa i-wilting ngokukhawuleza emva kokusika. I-garddi yegadi ye-adiantum ikhula ifike kwi-60 cm ubude, ibe neengcambu ezincambu kumnyama, iiplatelet ze vayi ziyi-pinnate, zifikelela ubude obungama-40 cm. Amagatya e-wai anesimo sokuqala sokukhupha, esincinci, esomeleleyo esisezantsi.
Fern pteris
Ngaphandle, i-pteris iphuma ngokukhawuleza phakathi kweentsapho zonke zeentlobo zezilwanyana, ezinye iintlobo kunye neentlobo azikwazi ukuziqhayisa amaqabunga anqamlekileyo asetshentsheni zepterygoid kunye nombala we-palette ocebileyo. Kukho iifom ze-patterned, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obumhlophe-oluhlaza, oluhlukileyo. Iintlobo ezidumileyo zeptersis zi:
- tape,
- a maqabunga amade,
- ukuthuthumela,
- ephezulu,
- xiphoid.
Fern Grozdovnik
Igama layo lifanelwe kakuhle ngenxa yeentlobo zesimo se-sporiferous inxalenye yesibhobho esakhula kwiingcambu ze-vai, kwaye iphetha nge-panicle, apho kuvuthwa kwaye silinde ixesha labo lokuphikisana. Le fern emasimini iboniswa yizilwanyana ezingenasoyiko yimozulu, kwaye zihlala kwiindawo ezininzi zaseRashiya njengenkcubeko yasendle. Iintlobo eziphambili ze-sinker:
- lanceolate,
- virginia,
- kwahlula,
- semilunar,
- khamile,
- elula,
- melele,
- ngasentla,
- entabeni,
- sezantsi,
- umyeni kaJenman.
IFern leaf
Esi sinye esinye isityalo, esibukeka sisifana neeferns eziqhelekileyo. Ukubonakala okungaqhelekanga kunikwa onke amaqabunga e-lanceolate ifom kuze kube kwisiqingatha semitha ubude kunye no-7 cm ububanzi. Izisindo ziqhotyoshelwe ukusuka kwicala eliphambene noluhlobo lweemida ezijikelezayo zemibala emhlophe. Kulolu hlobo lwee-leaflet zilandelayo:
- Isiqhelo sesigqabi esipheleleyo (skolopendrovy),
- i-leaflet undulata - ngamaqabunga e-wavy,
- i-leafy marginatum
- i-cristatum leaflet iyimifanekiso yekhefu,
- i-crispa yamaphepha-
- i-leaflet Ramo Cristatum - izitshalo ze-chic ezinamaqabunga ama-wavy amakhulu,
- Amaqabunga amaJapane amaqabunga aphethe i-rosette ephezulu kunye neengqayi ze-lanceolate ezinamaqabunga ama-40 cm.
Pelley fern
Phakathi kwazo zonke iindidi ze-ferns, inkcazo yesi sityalo esincinane sinamaqabunga ajikelezayo ngamabhanqa ahlala ebangela ukuba banomdla phakathi kwabaflorisi. Ibonakala ijongene xa ikhulile ngesimo sezityalo ezinobumba ngenxa yobungakanani bayo beklasi kunye namacembe okuqala. Emazweni ahlukeneyo, i-Pelley fern ibizwa ngokuba iqhosha okanye iqhosha le-fern, ubude bamashishini alo bufikelela kuma-40 cm, kodwa kwimeko yokulima kwangaphakathi, zilinganiselwa kwi-15 cm. Kule ndlu, iintlobo ezininzi zesi sityalo esingavamile zingathengwa:
- UPeleya ubomvu obomvu,
- Peleya luhlaza,
- I-Pellea ilungile-emnyama,
- U-Pelley uhamba.
Fern Common Fern
Isiqhamo sesibhakabhaka sesibhakabhaka sichazwe kwihlathi ukusuka kwezinye iintlobo ngokulula. Amahlumela awo akhula ukusuka kwi-rhizome engqamlekanga kungekhona ngotshani, kodwa ngamnye kumgama ongama-10 cm. Iinkqubo ezingaphantsi komhlaba zinzulu kwaye zinako ukufumana imililo enamandla. Inkalo ehlukileyo yokhozi - inesiteji sokubhinqa ifom ekhanda. Inxalenye engezantsi yazo ihlala ingabonakali, kwaye phezulu iya kuba ngamacembe e-chic. Ukubukeka ngempumelelo ngaphakathi kweeferns ezibalabala - iintlobo zokhozi oluhlaza okomnyama, obomdaka okanye obomvu.
Fernus asplenium
Ngelixa ufunda umbuzo woluphi uhlobo lweferns olukhoyo, unesiqiniseko sokuba unomdla kule sityalo. Sekude (ukuya kuma-75 cm) ngamagqabantshi ahlaza kunye neengqungquthela ezijikelezayo. Babonakala besaqhaqhaqha kwaye bomeleleka, kodwa ngokusingatha ngokungathandabuzekiyo bangakwazi ukukhawuleza ukuba banzima. Kwi-floriculture yangaphakathi, i-asplenium ehlonywe ukususela ngekhulu le-XIX, yayisetyenziswe ngaphambili ekhatheni kwethleen. Iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo ze-asplenium:
- zokuhlala,
- bulbous,
- antique.
Intsini yaseFern
Olu hlobo lubonakala lufana neenciniba zeenciniba, ezivuleleke kumitha kunye nesiqingatha ubude njenge-funnel. Iinqwelo zamahashe zincinci zinika abantwana abatsha, zenza ixesha elide. Kwimeko yendalo, umyezo wegadi womyezo wase-Garden ungatholakala eSiberia, eMpuma Ekude nakwiCaucasus. Uthanda ukukhula emahlathini amathambile kunye nezikhukhula zemilambo. Kwimiyezo yasemakhaya kufuneka ityalwe kwindawo echanekileyo, kwiindawo ezimanzi, kufuphi nezicwangciso kunye neentyatyambo zokuhlobisa.
KwiFern Shield
I-Rhizome kule ntlobo imfutshane, i-cylindrical, ene-10 cm okanye ngaphezulu. Ihlanganiswe ngama-tubercles, okwenza iindawo eziseleyo ze-petioles zamagqabi endala. Ngaphezulu kwendoda ye-shield yembethe i-rosette eneemfumba ezinamandla ezinqabileyo eziluhlaza ukuya kumitha ubude. Iinyana ezincinci ezifana ne-Snail zikhula zize ziveze ngexesha lehlobo. I-scimitar inetyhefu, kodwa isetyenziswe kwiyeza njenge-helminthic, ukucocwa, i-anesthetic. Xa kungabikho amava, ukuzama ngeengcambu zale fern kuyingozi.
Ucoceko lweFern
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukileyo ze-fern ecocekileyo, inkcazo yeyona nto eyahlukileyo. Ubukhosi (ubukhulu) kwiindidi zezityalo entwasahlobo zineziqombela ezibomvu ukuya kwi-2 m ubude, ngokugqithiseleyo umbala wabo uba luhlaza oluhlaza, kwaye ngekwindla yegolide. I-subspecies zaseAsia zibonakaliswe ngamagqabi obomvu obomvu, oguqula i-orange ngoSeptemba, ukudala imimandla eyayiqhumayo ehlathini. Uhlobo lokuhlanjululwa kukaKayton aluqhelekanga, isityalo sibukeka njengama-subspecies aseAsia, kodwa i-sporanga ikhula ukusuka kwinqanaba lehlathi, kunokuba ikhule ngokuhlukileyo.