Iziganeko eziqhelekileyo zenzeke, ngelishwa, ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, ukukwazi ukubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala kuyimfuneko kakhulu, kuba ngexesha elithile amanyathelo angxamisekileyo athatyathwa angalondoloza ubomi bomntu olimele. Ngokomzekelo, ukuwa ephakamileyo ngokuqhelekileyo kubangele ukufa kwabantu abaninzi ngenxa yokuba amanyathelo enyango engaphambili ayengenziwa.
Luhlobo luni lokulimala onokulufumana ngelixa liwela ephakamileyo?
Indawo, indawo kunye nobukhulu bomonakalo kuxhomekeke kwindoda ende.
Ngoko, ukuba uwela kumgama omfutshane, uhlala unobungozi obunjalo:
- ukuphuka kwemilenze kunye nomgudu;
- ingxubusho yengqondo;
- ukuchithwa;
- izikrakra;
- abrasions.
Kukho ukulimala okungakumbi, kodwa kunqabile, ngaphantsi kwe-2% yazo zonke iimeko.
Ukuwa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo eziphezulu kuhamba kunye nokulimala kwingozi:
- ukuphulwa komgudu;
- ukuphuka kwezitho zangaphakathi;
- ukulimala kwe-craniocebral, ukubola;
- ukuphuka kwamathambo amaninzi, iiplabhu, izibambo;
- ukuphuka kwemithambo emikhulu.
Umonakalo onjalo unokukhokelela ekufeni.
Uncedo lokuqala lokuwa ephakamileyo
Ukuba ixhoba liwe ukusuka kumgama omfutshane, uhlala eyazi. Kubalulekile ukuvavanya ngokukhawuleza umlinganiselo wonakalo:
- Uhlolisise umntu ngenxa yokuhlaselwa, ukulimala kunye nemivimbo.
- Buza ukuba bathuthe iinzwane zabo nezandla zabo, zonke izitho, ukuba baqiniseke ukuba ingqibelelo yomqolo wamagxa kunye namathambo.
- Ukubuza, ngaba ixhoba linentloko, ngaba akayi kulala, isisongulu, isisu (iimpawu zesifo sengqondo).
Kuloo matyala xa isiganeko sithengela "igazi elincinci", kunelungelo lokunceda umntu abuyele ekhaya, ahlambulule, asebenzise ukunyanzeliswa okubandayo.
Ukuba iimpawu ezixhalabileyo zifunyenwe, kukho ukukrokreka kokuba i-spinal okanye i-bone fracture, ingqungquthela, kubalulekile ukubiza i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphambi kokufika kwamagqirha, kufuneka uphazamise ixhoba.
Ukuwa ukusuka phezulu kuya kufuna amanyathelo okuqala ancedo:
- Ngokukhawuleza ubize isibhedlele uze ushayele iingcali, ucacise imeko yomntu.
- Ngaphandle kokuguqula ixhoba kwaye ungayishukumisi, jonga ipulse - fakela isalathisi kunye nomnwe ophakathi kwintsimbi yomlomo wesibeleko.
- Ukuba intliziyo ibetha kwaye iwa ephakamileyo iphefumula, awudingi ukwenza nantoni na enye into. Ukuphela kweemeko apho kukho ukuphuma kwegazi . Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kufuneka imiswe okwesikhashana nge-bandage eqinile okanye i-tourniquet, ezama ukungahambisi izitho kunye nomzimba womntu.
- Xa kungekho pulse, ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary okuphuthumayo kuyadingeka - ukuhluthwa kwe-cardiac (ukunyanzelwa kwe-30, ubunzulu-5-6 cm) kunye nokuphuphuma umoya (2 umlomo-ngomlomo).