Kukwaziwa ngokubanzi ukuba ixesha lokunyuka komzimba yinkqubo yemvelo yenguqu enxulumene neminyaka enxulumene nokupheliswa komsebenzi wokuzala. Nangona kunjalo, iziganeko zesigulane ngezinye izihlandlo azibangeli nje umfazi ukuphazamiseka, kodwa zichaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wobomi kunye nokusebenza komsebenzi. Kwinkqubo yokulungiswa kwe-hormone, ezi ngxaki zilandelayo zingabonakala:
- isimo sengqondo sengqondo;
- inkqubo yesityalo kunye nenhliziyo;
- izifo ze-genitourinary system;
- kunciphisa umnqweno wesini.
Kwaye akusiyo uluhlu olupheleleyo lwexesha elibi lihambelana nokunciphisa inani le-estrogen eveliswa kumzimba wesetyhini ngokuqeda umva.
I-Estrogens isesimeni
Ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwezibonakaliso zesimo ekumeni, ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-estrogen kusetyenziswa rhoqo. Okubizwa ngokuba yi-hormone ye-substitution therapy isetyenziselwa ukukhusela nokulungisa iziphazamiso ezinxulumene nokulahla kwinqanaba le-estrogen ekumeni. Iilungiselelo ezisetyenziselwa i-HRT ziyahlula zibe ngamaqela amabini ngokuhambelana kwazo:
- Ngomxholo we-estrogen. Inkoliso ngokuqhelekileyo iqeshwe emva kokuhlinzwa (ukususwa kwesibeletho).
- I- estrogen kunye neprogesterone . Iprogesterone isetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-endometrium.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kunye nezidakamizwa kunye ne-estrogens kufuneka zilawulwe ngononophelo olukhulu, kuba zininzi zokuchasene. Kuvinjelwe ngokungqongqo ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-estrogenic kubafazi be-menopausal ezi zifo:
- umdlavuza webele, i-endometrium, uterus, i-melanoma;
- izifo zesibindi, i-biliary tract, intliziyo, ukuphazamiseka kwentshukumo (ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo, i-thrombophlebitis, njl);
- ukuphuma kweemvelaphi ezingaziwa.
Kwakhona, ukulungiswa kwama-estrogens akukhuthazwa kubafazi besifo se-menopausal abane- endometriosis , i-myomas ye-uterine, nabasetyhini abanegazi eliphezulu.
Nangona kungekho ziphikisana eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwamalungiselelo e-estrogen ekupheleni komntu, i-HRT kufuneka imiselwe kuphela phantsi kweliso lugqirha, ngokuqwalasela iimpawu zomntu kunye nokubonakaliswa kweempawu. Xa uthatha la mayeza, uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-pelvic luyimfuneko. Izigulane ezisebenzise iziyobisi ze-progesterone ngaphandle kweemviwo eziqhelekileyo kufuneka zinikezelwe i-biopsy yomhlaza okanye utshintsho olusenyakatho kwi-endometrium.