Umhlobiso wangempela wentsimu ekwindla yi-gladioli. Ezi ntyatyambo ezimangalisayo ziyamangaliswa ngobumnandi bazo kunye nemibala eyahlukileyo, kodwa ukubenza bavule ekwindla kufuneka ukwazi ukutshala kakuhle i-gladioli entwasahlobo. Nangona le ntyatyambo ibhekwa ukuba iphela, kodwa ekubeni ingabandezeli kubanda emhlabathini, izilimo zayo ezigubungelayo ziyacubungulwa kwaye zigcinwe ngaphakathi kwindlu yasebusika ngaphambi kokuba kufika ubushushu.
Kule nqaku, siza kuhlola iimpawu ezizodwa zokutyala nokunyamekela i-gladioli entwasahlobo.
Nini ukutshala i-gladioli entwasahlobo?
Ixesha elifanelekileyo kakhulu lokutshala i-gladiolus ngo-Meyi, xa umhlaba uphuthuzela ukuya kwi-10 ° C, kodwa ukuba kukho indawo yokukhusela ephuma kwiintsholongwane zentwasahlobo, ungatshala ngo-Ephreli. Iintlobo zokuqala, ezityalwe ngoJuni, ziya kuqhakaza ngo-Agasti-Septemba. Iincorms ezincinane kunye nabantwana batyalwe kusasa ukuze bakwazi ukukhula.
Indlela yokulungiselela i-gladioli yokutshala?
Ngenyanga enye ngaphambi kokufika, iibhola ze gladiolus zisuswe kwivale kwaye zicocwe ngokucokisekileyo ukusuka kwisikali ukuze zingalimazi amahlumela. Kule meko, ukonakaliswe kakhulu kwaye abagulayo banqatshelwe. Umonakalo omncinci unqunywe ngokukhawuleka ngokugqithiseleyo kotywala ngetye, kwaye ke le ndawo iqhutyelwa ngoluhlaza okanye ifafazwe ngamalahle aqingqiweyo. Emva koko bawafaka ebhokisini okanye kwifestile, apho baya kukhula kwindawo eyomileyo, efudumele kwaye ilanga, kodwa iingcambu aziyi kubumba.
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-glams i-gladiolus yaxubusha isigxina somhla kwisisombululo nge-microelements. Kwakhona kufuneka ukuba baphathwe neerticide ukuze baphule izifo kunye nezinambuzane.
- ukusuka kwi-thrips ne-whiteflies ne-half half hour kwisisombululo se-decis okanye i-fufanon;
- kwi-fungi kunye ne-bhakteria cwilise imizuzu engama-20-30 kwi-0.2-0.3% ye-basazene yokumiswa (M topsin) okanye i-0.7% isisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
Indlela yokutshala i-gladioli entwasahlobo?
Kubalulekile xa utyala i-gladioli yindawo enhle. Kufuneka ukuba ilungele kakuhle, inqanaba, okanye nge-slope esezantsi, umhlaba kufuneka ukhululeke kwaye unxweme. I ntyatyambo ayithandi umoya, ukunyuka kwamanzi kunye ne-shading. Isithunzi phezu kweentyantyambo kwixesha leentsasa ukusabalalisa iimbali ezimbini kwiiveki ezimbini, kwaye ngokuhlwa.
Eyona nto ingcono kakhulu: i-chernozem, i-loamy ekhanyayo okanye inhlabathi enomhlabathi. Kwidongwe kunye namazwe anzima kuya kubakho ukunciphisa ubunzulu bokutshala. Iziza ze-gladioli kufuneka zitshintshwe minyaka yonke, zibuye kwindawo enye kungekudala kwiminyaka emine.
Isayithi igugu ekuwa kwe-40 cm engama-40 kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezichumisi (humus, ukuya kwi-50 g / m² superphosphate kunye ne-20-30 g / m² ye-potassium sulfate). Ngentwasahlobo bayayenza kwakhona kwaye banomlinganiselo ngeeraki.
I-Gladiolus ityalwe kwiibhedi ezithunyelwa ukusuka kumzantsi ukuya ngasenyakatho kumgama we-15-20 cm phakathi kwezityalo kunye no-30 cm phakathi kwemigca. Ubunzulu obuqhelekileyo bokutywinwa kwezilimo ezinkulu eziyi-8-12 cm, ezinzima-6-10 cm kunye nomhlaba olula - ukuya kwi-15 cm.
Ukukhanya okulungileyo ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi - ekuqaleni kweAgasti kuvumela iintyatyambo ngosuku ukuba zikhule ngo-3-12 cm.
Ukunyamekela okuqhubekayo ukutshala izityalo kuku:
- ukuthambisa rhoqo, kunye nokubunjwa kweentyantyambo kunye neentyantyambo eziphuculweyo (10-15 amalitha amanzi nganye 1 m²);
- ukukhutshwa komhlaba kunye neentaba zezityalo;
- inyakato ye-nitrogen fertilizer (20-30 g nganye kwi-1 m 2) ngenyanga emva kokutyala, kunye neesibini ezichumayo (emva kwenye iveki 3-4) zongeza 25 g ye-superphosphate kunye ne-10 gram. sulfate potassium. Isihlandlo sesithathu sinamanzi kunye nokwakheka kwamaphunga;
- ngaphambi nangemva kokucoca isityalo kutyiswa;
- Ukutshaya nokuxuba umhlaba kugcina umswakama emhlabathini kwaye kulibazise ukukhula kokhula.
- ukubopha kwenkxaso edibene kunye nemigca. Oku kungathatyathwa ngokunyuka kwi-10 cm.
- emva kokusika iintyatyambo kubalulekile ukushiya amaqabunga amane okwenyani ukuphuhliswa okuqhelekileyo kwee-corms.
- ukususwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwizityalo ezigulayo.
Ukwazi zonke iziqhelo zokutshala i-gladioli kunye nokunyamekela entwasahlobo, uya kukwazi ukukhula kwintsimi yakho yelenqe ezi ntyatyambo eziqaqambileyo kunye neendwangu ezintle.