Kukho izikhokelo ezahlukeneyo zokuphelelisa ngokomoya kunye nokuShushisa kubhekiselwa kubo. Isetyenziselwa ukujamelana neengxaki, ukubonakalisa ukukwazi ukuqonda nokuziqonda kangcono. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezikunceda ukuguqula kuphela ngaphakathi, kodwa nangaphandle.
Yintoni i-Sufism?
Isikhokelo sobuqhetseba kwi-Islam, eshumayela ubuhlanga kunye nokukhula ngokomoya, kuthiwa yi-Sufism. Isetyenziselwa ukuhlambulula umphefumlo kwizinto ezimbi kunye nokufumana iimpawu zengqondo ezifanelekileyo. Ubuthathaka - olu lukhokelo olunzima lokuqonda, ngoko ke ngaphandle koluncedo lomcebisi ngokomoya (murshid) kwiinqanaba zokuqala akakwazi ukwenza. Yonke into ephikisana no-Shariah ayikwazi ukuthathwa njengobuthathaka.
Ifilosofi yoSuku
Igama le khokelo ePersi lithetha ukuba akukho mmahluko phakathi komntu kunye nehlabathi elijikelezile. I-Sufism yanamhlanje isekelwe kwifilosofi evela ekuqaleni kwendalo.
- Ukuze uphile ngoku, awukho isidingo sokukhumbula ixesha elidlulileyo kwaye ujonge kwixesha elizayo, ngokubaluleke kakhulu, ukuqonda iixesha kwaye ungakhathazeki malunga noko kuza kwenzeka ngeyure okanye ngosuku.
- I-Suf ikhona yonke indawo kwaye ngakumbi umntu esondele ngakumbi kuThixo, ngakumbi uyancibilika kuye aze abe nguYonke.
- Ubuthathaka budluliselwa entliziyweni entliziyweni, njengento engumlingo.
- UThixo akayena mntu, kwaye ukhona yonke indawo.
Psychology of Sufism
Kwizigaba zokuqala zokwakhiwa kwalolu hlobo, enye yeengcamango eziphambili zazingukuhlambulukiswa komphefumlo ngenxa yentlupheko kunye nokuguquka, ngoko i-Sufis yayifuna ukufikelela kwi-Supreme. Imigaqo yobuSulumane isekelwe ekudalweni komntu ofezekileyo okhululekile kwi-Ego yakhe, kunye nokudibanisa nenyaniso kaThixo. Iindlela eziphambili zalo mkhuba zinceda ekuphuculeni ihlabathi elingokomoya , ukulahla ukuxhomekeka kwenyama kunye nokukhonza uThixo. Kubalulekile ukuba imigaqo yale yangoku ithembele kwiimfundiso zeQuran kwaye ilandele iingcamango zomProfethi Muhammad.
Esoteric Sufism
Abantu abaye bagqiba ekubeni bathathe indlela yokumazi uThixo akufanele baholele ubomi obunqamlekileyo kunye nobomi, kuba i-Sufis ikholelwa ukuba ubomi behlabathi bubona ithuba elihle lokufunda nokutshintsha. Kwintliziyo yamanje iboniswe uthando lukaThixo, olubonakala njengamandla kunye namandla angakhokelela kuThixo. Iingcamango zobuSulumane ziquka izigaba eziliqela zokuqonda kwayo.
- Okokuqala, ukuphuhliswa kwothando lomzwelo nolunothando, kukho konke ukukhanya emhlabeni.
- Isigaba esilandelayo kubandakanya inkonzo yokubonelela abantu, oko kukuthi, umntu kufuneka asebenzele inceba, ancede abantu ngaphandle kokufuna into nayiphi na into.
- Kukho ukuqonda ukuba uThixo ukhona kuyo yonke into, kungekhona nje ezintweni ezintle, kodwa nakwizinto ezimbi. Kule nqanaba, umntu kufuneka ayeke ukwahlula ihlabathi ibe ngumnyama nomhlophe.
- Ekupheleni kokubunjwa kwayo, ukuxhatshazwa kwe-Suotism kubonisa ulwalathiso lwalo lonke uthando olukhoyo lukaThixo.
Ubuthakathaka - Iinkonzo kunye neNgqungquthela
Sekuneminyaka engaphezu kweyodwa kwiminyaka elishumi elinengqiqo enjengokuthi "UkuShushisa" kukho iingxabano ezininzi ezixhunyiwe. Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ulwalathiso olunjalo luhlelo kwaye abantu abangena kuyo basengozini. Iingcamango ezichasene nazo ziye zavela kwaye ngenxa yokuba lo mgaqo unqulo uquka abantu abaninzi abangakholelwa kuThixo nabanama-charlatans abaphikisa ulwazi. Inyaniso ngoSufism yintsikelelo enqwenela inzululwazi ezininzi, ezakhokelela ekuveleni kweengcamango ezininzi kunye neencwadi. Ngokomzekelo, kukho incwadi eyaziwa kakhulu ethi "Inyaniso Ngokuphathelele Ubuthathaka", apho umntu angayifumana iimpendulo kwimibandela ebalulekileyo kwaye afunde ngeengongoma ezikhoyo.
Ungaqala njani ukufunda i-Sufism?
Ukuqonda izinto ezisisiseko zolu hlobo kwaye ufumane ulwazi lokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukufumana utitshala oya kuba unxibelelwano. Unako ukubizwa ngokuba yinkokeli, umthendeleko, i-murshid okanye i-arif. Ukuxhatshazwa kwabasandul 'ukuza (abalandeli) bambiza i-Murid. Esinye sezigaba ezibalulekileyo ukusabalalisa kumphathi, oku kuthetha ukuphelela kokuzinikela. Ngenxa yoko, umfundi ufumanisa ukuba kwizinto ezizungezile ubona kuphela umcebisi wakhe.
Kwizigaba zokuqala, utitshala unikeza i-damdam iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuphuhlisa uxinzelelo, ukuyeka iingcamango njalonjalo. Ukufumanisa apho ukuqala u-Sufism, ku funeka kuqatshelwe ukuba uqeqesho ngokuthe ngqo luxhomekeke kwimimiselo yomntu ngamnye omtsha. Kwimizalwane eyahlukeneyo, inani lezigaba zokungena kwikolo lihlukile, kodwa phakathi kwazo kukho ezine eziphambili:
- Sharia . Kuthetha ukuzaliseka kwangempela kwemithetho echazwe kwiQuran naseSunnah.
- Tarikat . Isigaba sisekelwe ekufundeni iindidi zamanqanaba, ezibizwa ngokuthi maqam. Eyona nto ibandakanya ukuquka, ukuguquka, uxolo, ukunyamezela, intlupheko, umonde, ukuthembela kuThixo nokuthobela. I-Tariqat isebenzisa indlela yokucinga ngokufa kunye nomsebenzi onzulu wengqondo. Ekugqibeleni, u-Murid ufumana umnqweno ongenalwazi kwaye unamandla wokufikelela ubunye noThixo.
- Marefat . Kukho ukuqeqeshwa nokuphuculwa kolwazi kunye nothando ngoThixo. Emva kokufikelela kweli nqanaba, uSufi sele sele eqonda ukuphakanyiswa kwesithuba, ukungabalulekanga kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nolwazi lokuthetha noSomandla.
- Khakikat . Isigaba esiphezulu senyuka ngokomoya, xa umntu ekhonza uThixo, njengokungathi uyaphambi kwakhe. Kukho ukugxininiswa kwimbono kunye nokuqwalasela uMdali.
Izenzo zeSufi zabasetyhini kunye namandla amabhinqa
Iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo kwi-Sufism, yangaphambili kunye neyokuqala, zinika ithuba lokuhlambulula nokuvula intliziyo, ukuziva uvuyo lokuthetha kunye nehlabathi, uThixo kunye nam. Ukongezelela, umntu ufumana uxolo, ukuzithemba nokuvisisana. Izenzo zeSufi zamandla amabhinqa zidala, kwaye kunconywa ukuba zisebenzise phantsi kokhokelo lomcebisi onamava, kuba kufuneka ukwazi kwaye uqonde intsingiselo yabo. Ukongezelela, izenzo ezithile kufuneka zithathwe ngexesha elithile.
Ukucamngca, ukuhamba komzimba ezahlukeneyo, ukuphefumula , konke oku kunceda ukuphucula, ukulahla ubunzima obuninzi kunye nokungahambi kakuhle. Iindlela zeSufi zimelela iinkqubo ezipheleleyo, ngoko ukwenza okuzimbini izenzo azange zanele. Kubaluleke ngokukodwa ukuqwalasela iimingcipheko zeminyaka yobudala. Iindlela zakudala zeSufi azigcini nje ngokuvusa amandla aphezulu, kodwa kwakhona zifundisa umntu ukuba azisebenzise ngokuzimela.
Izenzo zeSufi zeDashi
Ophumeleleyo kwenkathi yemidlalo edumileyo "I-Battle of psychics" I-Swami Dashi yenza i-Sufism. Uqhuba iisemina ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye neeminina, apho anceda abantu ukuba balahle izinto ezimbi kwaye batshintshe ubomi babo . Ubeka isiseko sakhe kwisandi, ukuphefumla kunye nokunyakaza. Izenzo ze-Sufi zinikwe ukuba zancede ukususa izithintelo zengqondo, engqondweni nangokwenyama. Yaziwa ezinye iindlela ezisetyenziswa nguDashi:
- Ukucamngca ngamandla. Ukunyakaza okukhutheleyo kunye nokunyanisekileyo kunceda ukuphucula kunye nobunye bomphefumlo, umzimba kunye nomoya.
- Iingqungquthela ze-Sufi kunye ne-dhikrs zisetyenziselwa ukuya kwi-trance.
- Ukuhamba ngokungakhathaliseki ukuhamba kunye nokucamngca kwaye usebenza kwindawo leyo kunokunceda uhambe ngaphaya kokusemandleni.
Umkhuba we-Sufi we-dhikr
Ukuphindaphinda kaninzi kwimixholo engcwele, ukucamngca ngokujulile kuthiwa yi-zikra. Lo mkhuba unempawu zawo kwaye usebenzise ukunyuka okuhlukeneyo kuwo: ukunyamezela umthandazo, ukujikeleza, ukuguqulwa, ukunyakaza nokunye. Isiseko seDhikr yiQuran. Ukusebenzisa amandla eSufi kunceda ukujamelana nokungahambi kakuhle kwaye ufumane imali efanelekileyo. Inkqubo yokuphefumula , ukucula kunye nokuthulisa kusetyenziswa. Utshintsho kunye nokuguqulwa kweedhikr zihluke ngokuxhomekeke kobuzalwana okanye umyalelo apho bebanjelwe khona. Ngamaqela, i-dhikr yenziwa ngale ndlela ilandelayo:
- Abathathi-nxaxheba baba okanye bahlala kwisangqa.
- Intloko inika ukucamngca.
- Ngokwemiyalelo yakhe, bonke benza imisebenzi ethile, eyatshintshwa enye emva komnye. Ziyimpawu zentsingiselo ezenza ngokukhawuleza.
- Ngeli xesha, abathathi-nxaxheba benza imithandazo yefomula.
Sufi Dances
Enye yeendlela ezidumileyo ze-Sufism idansa ngeengubo, ezinceda ukuthetha noThixo. Ziyenziwa ngama-dervishes kunye needrama kunye nomlingo. Izambatho, zibeke enye, zisebenzisana nomgaqo we-mandala kwaye ngexesha lokukhupha ziqinisa intembelelo yamandla ekudleni abantu nokubukela. Kufanelekile ukuthetha ukuba ekusebenzeni komdaniso, i-monk kufuneka ibe nobomi obomeleleyo iminyaka emithathu kwaye ibe kwi-monastery. Iindlela ezinjalo ze-Sufi zingenziwa ngokuzimela, kodwa ke kuyimfuneko ukujikeleza ngamehlo akho evulekile. Kukho iimpawu zenkqubo enjalo.
- Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesantya, umlenze wenza ikotoni kunye neenyawo ngeenyawo zakhe, okuyimfuneko yokuthusa iShayta.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu isaphetha, kunye nokubeka isandla esifubeni, esamkelekileyo.
- Phakathi kwabo bonke abadansi kukho iindidi eziphambili, ezifanekisela iLanga.
- Ngexesha lomdaniso, esinye isandla kufuneka sikhuliswe, kwaye enye kufuneka ihlise. Ngenxa yoko kukho uxhulumaniso kunye neCosmos kunye nomhlaba.
- Ukujikeleza kwenzeka kwexesha elide, ngenxa yokuba i-dervishes ingena kwi-trance, ngaloo ndlela idibanisa noThixo.
- Ngexesha lomdaniso i-dervishes ibonisa isimo sabo sengqondo ebomini.
Izenzo zeSufi zokulahleka kwesisindo
Abaxhamli bezenzo zenkcubeko ezinikezelweyo bathi zonke iingxaki zabantu, ezifana nokugula okanye ubunzima obukhulu, zidibaniswa neemvakalelo ezimbi kunye nokungaqondi kakuhle injongo yabo ebomini. Izenzo zeSufi kubasetyhini, kuquka nokuzivocavoca ezahlukeneyo, zifundisa ukulawula amandla amakhulu. Ukongezelela, le yangoku ifundisa indlela yokutya kakuhle, ucinge kwaye wenze. Ukujongana nobunzima obuninzi ngenxa yokuhlanjululwa komphefumlo wakho kwaye ube yindlela efanelekileyo. Zonke iingcamango, iindlela zokuphefumula uSufi, ukudansa kunye nezinye izinto ezikhethiweyo ziya kulungela ukulahlekelwa isisindo.
Ubuthathaka nobuKristu
Abaninzi banomdla kumbuzo wendlela icawa inxulumene ngayo neendlela ezinjalo zonqulo. Ayikho into enjenge-Christian Sufism, kodwa kukho into efana phakathi kwezi ngqiqo, umzekelo, ingcamango yokuhlambulula umphefumlo ngokusebenzisa ukuguquka kunye nobukhulu bendawo yokomoya. Icawa ichaza ukuba ubuKrestu abukwamkeli ubuxoki, njengemikhuba yobuhedeni okanye imirhumo yezenkolo, ngoko ke, ngoluvo lwabo, izenzo zikaSufi ezivela kumtyholi aze azisebenzise azikwazi.