Xa unyango lwe-thyroid pathologies, iodine ye-radioactive ingasetyenziswa. Le i-isotope inezakhiwo zayo eziyingozi, ngoko inkqubo yokusungulwa kwayo emzimbeni ifanele iqhutywe kuphela phantsi kweliso logqirha oqeqeshe kakhulu.
Iodine ye-radioactive - unyango lwe-thyroid gland
Inqubo esebenzisa i-isotope ineenzuzo ezilandelayo:
- akukho xesha lokuvuselela;
- kwesikhumba akukho zikhonkwane kunye nezinye iziphoso zokuziphatha;
- ngexesha lokuqhuba i-anesthetics ayisebenzisi.
Nangona kunjalo, unyango kunye ne-iodine ye-radioactive linokungaphumeleli:
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-isotope ayigcinwanga kuphela kwi-thyroid, kodwa nakwezinye izicubu zomzimba, kubandakanywa nama-ovari kunye ne-prostate. Ngenxa yoko, iinyanga ezintandathu ezizayo emva kwenkqubo, izigulane kufuneka zikhuseleke ngokucophelela. Ukongezelela, ukuqaliswa kwe-isotophi kukuphazamisa ukuveliswa kwamahomoni, oku kunokuchaphazela kakubi ukuphuhliswa komntwana. Abafazi bexesha lokubeletha kufuneka bahlehlise ukukhulelwa komntwana iminyaka emi-2.
- Ngenxa yokunciphisa amacembe kunye neenguqu ekusebenzeni kweengqungquthela ze-stali, kunokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwezi zixhobo zomzimba.
I-radioactive (ininzi i-I-131) iodode imiselwe kula maxesha alandelayo:
- neoplasms;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- imisebenzi eyenziwa kwi-thyroid;
- hyperthyroidism ;
- ukuhambisa i-goiter enobuhlungu ;
- umngcipheko weengxaki zokuhamba emva.
Unyango lwe-thyrotoxicosis kunye ne-iodine yama-radioactive
Unyango olunjalo lunika iziphumo ezilungileyo. Ukunyanga i-hyperthyroidism nge-iodine yama-radioactive yayisebenza kakuhle, i-dose ye-I-131 gland ebanjwe zizicubu kufuneka ibe ngama-30-40 g. Le mali ye-isotopu inokungena emzimbeni ngexesha elinye okanye kwicandelo elincinane (iiseshoni eziyi-2-3). Emva kwonyango, i-hypothyroidism inokwenzeka. Kule meko, izigulane zichazwe i-Levothyroxine.
Ngokwezibalo, abo bafunyaniswa ne- thyrotoxicosis , emva kokonyango nge-isotope 3-6 kwiinyanga kamva, eso sifo sibuyeka. Ezi zigulane zichazwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo unyango lwe-iodine. Ukusebenzisa i-131 kwiikhosi ezingaphezu kwe-3 kwonyango lwe-thyrotoxicosis ayizange ibhalwe. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, izigulane ezine-radioactive iodine zonyango azivelisi iziphumo. Oku kuphawulwa ngokuxhatshazwa kwe-thyrotoxicosis kwi-isotope.
Unyango lomhlaza we-thyroid kunye ne-iodine yama-radioactive
Ukwamkelwa kwe-isotopu kunikwa kuphela kulaba gulane abaye bafumanisa ukuba banesifo esihlasela i-oncological disease ngenxa yongenelelo lwangonyango. Ngokuqhelekileyo unyango olunjalo luqhutyelwa kwingozi enkulu yokuphindaphinda umhlaza wesigqirha okanye umhlaza. Unyango lwe-thyroid gland kunye ne-iodine ye-radioactive eyenziwa phambi kweethambo ezinqabileyo ezithatha kwaye ziqokelela i-131. Ngaphambi koku, ukucwiliswa kwenziwa.
I-isotope ilawulwa zizigulane kule mali:
- kunye neyeza - 3,7 GBq;
- kwimeko apho i-metastases ibetha i-lymph nodes, - 5.55 GBq;
- kunye nomonakalo kwiethambo zamathambo okanye kumaphaphu - 7.4 GBq.
Iodine ye-radioactive emva kokususwa kwe-thyroid gland
I-131 isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-metastases. Emva kweenyanga ezi-1-1,5 emva kokuhlinzwa, ukucwenga i-iodine kusetyenziswa i-iodine. Le ndlela yokuxilongwa ithathwa njengempumelelo. I-radiography iyindlela engathembekiyo yokufumanisa i-metastases. Ukuba isiphumo siphumelele, unyango lwe-iodine oluchanekileyo luyalelwe. Olu hlobo lonyango lujoliswe ekutshatyalaliswa kwezilonda.
Ukulungiselela i-radioiodotherapy
Isimo sesigulane emva kokuba unyango luxhomekeke ekuthotyelweni kwemiqathango kadokotela. Ayikho indima yokugqibela apha inikwe indlela yokulungiswa kakuhle kwenkqubo. Iquka ukuthotyelwa kwaloo mithetho:
- Qinisekisa ukuba akukho khulelwa.
- Ukuba kukho umntwana, uguqulele ngokutya okufakwayo.
- Yazisa ugqirha malunga nawo onke amayeza athathwe. Kwiintsuku ezingama-2-3 phambi kokuba unyango lwe-radioiodine lufanele luyeke ukusetyenziswa kwawo.
- Ukulandela ukutya okukhethekileyo.
- Musa ukuphatha amanxeba kunye nokucoca nge-iodine.
- Akuvumelekile ukuba uhlambele ngamanzi anetyuwa kwaye uvuselele umoya wolwandle. Kwiveki enye ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo ihambe ihambe ihambe.
Ukongezelela, iintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba unyango lwe-radioiodine, ugqirha uya kuqhuba uvavanyo, oluza kubonakalisa ubunzima bokungeniswa kwe-I-131 ngumzimba wesigulane. Ngokukhawuleza phambi kokuba unyango lwe-iodine ye-iodine ye-thyroid gland yenziwe, kuyimfuneko ukudlulisa uhlalutyo lwe-TSH ekuseni. Kwakhona, iiyure ezingama-6 phambi kwenkqubo, kufuneka uyeke ukuthabatha ukutya, kunye namanzi okusela - iiyure ezingama-2.
Ukutya phambi kwe-iode ye-radioactive
Le nkqubo yokutya imiselwe iiveki ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo. Iphela emva kweeyure ezingama-24 emva kokunyanga. Ukutya okungekho diode ngaphambi kokuba unyango nge-iodine ye-radioactive iquka ukuvinjelwa kokutya okunjalo:
- amaqanda kunye nokutya okuqukethe;
- zokutya kwezilwanyana;
- ibhontshisi ebomvu, i-motley kunye ne-lima;
- ushokoleta kunye nemveliso apho ikhona;
- ushizi, ukhilimu, ice cream kunye nobunye ubisi;
- ukutya, ekulungiselelweni kwetyuwa e-iodidi eyongeziweyo;
- iimveliso zesoya.
Iodine ye-radioactive - njani inqubo eyenziwa
Ukufunyanwa I-131 kwenzeka ngomlomo: isigulane sigxotha iifomsile kwiigolum ze-gelatin ezine-isotope. Iipilisi ezinjalo zingenasiphelo kwaye zingonakali. Bamele bagxinwe ngokusela ezimbini iiglasi zamanzi (ijusi, isoda kunye nezinye iziphuzo azivumelekanga). Awukwazi ukuhlafuna la ma capsules! Kwezinye iimeko, unyango lwe-goiter enobuhlungu kunye ne-iodine ye-radioactive lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali kwifom ye-liquide. Emva kokuthatha le iodine, isiguli kufuneka siwuhluthe kakuhle umlomo. Kwiyure elisondeleyo emva kwenkqubo, ukutya nokusela akuvunyelwe.
Kwisigulane, iodow i-radioode inenzuzo enkulu-inceda ukujamelana nesifo. Kwiindwendwe zesigulane kunye nabanye abantu abanxibelelana nabo, i-isotopu iyingozi kakhulu. Isiqingatha-nobomi beli qhekeza yeekhemikhali iintsuku eziyi-8. Nangona kunjalo, nangemva kokukhutshwa esibhedlele ukukhusela abanye, isigulane sinconywa:
- Enye iveki ukulibala ngokumanga nobudlelwane obusondeleyo.
- Ukutshabalalisa izinto ezisetyenziselwa esibhedlele (okanye uzibeke kwisikhwama seplastiki esinamandla kwiiveki ezi-6-8).
- Ukukhuselwa ngokuqinisekileyo.
- Izinto zokuhlambulula umntu kufuneka zigcinwe zihluke kwamanye amalungu entsapho.
Unyango nge-iodine ye-radioactive ye-thyroid gland - imiphumela
Ngenxa yempawu zomzimba ngamnye, iingxaki zingenzeka emva kokonyango. Imiphumo ye-iodine ye-radioactive emzimbeni yenza oku kulandelayo:
- kunzima ukugwinya;
- ukuvuvuka entanyeni;
- isicefe
- ihlumelo emqaleni;
- ukoma okunzulu;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengcamango yokuqonda;
- ukuhlanza.
Imiphumo emibi yonyango nge-iodine ye-radioactive
Nangona le ndlela yokwelapha ithathwa njengekhuselekileyo kwisigulane, unamacala omabini "omdaka". Ukurhoxiswa nge-iodine ye-radioactive ihamba neengxaki ezinjalo:
- umbono uhla
- izifo ezingapheliyo ziba nzima;
- iodine ye-radioactive inegalelo ekuzuzeni ubunzima;
- Iintlungu zesisu kunye nokukhathala ziyabonwa;
- umgangatho wegazi uhlahloka (umxholo weeplatelets kunye neukocycytes iyancipha);
- kwimvelaphi yokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwamahomoni, ukudandatheka kunye nezinye izifo zengqondo ziphuhliswa;
- kumadoda, inani le-spermatozoa elisebenzayo linciphisa
- umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i- leukemia .
Yiyiphi enye i-iodine okanye i-optic?
Ayikho impendulo engacacile, kuba nganye imeko iyodwa. Ugqirha kuphela onokukwazi ukuba ngubani oya kusebenza ngokugqithiseleyo kule iodine-i-radioactive oracular. Ngaphambi kokukhetha indlela yokulwa ne-pathology ye-thyroid gland, uya kuqwalasela izinto ezahlukeneyo: ubudala begulane, ubukho bezifo ezingapheliyo, umlinganiselo wokutshatyalaliswa kwesi sifo njalonjalo. Ugqirha uya kumxelela isigulane malunga neempawu zendlela ekhethiweyo kwaye uchaze imiphumo emva kwe-iodine ye-radioactive.