I-Hyperthyroidism okanye i-thyrotoxicosis yintsholongwane yekliniki ebangelwa umsebenzi ogqithiseleyo we-thyroid gland kunye nemveliso ephezulu ye-hormone T3 (thyroxine) kunye ne-T4 (triiodothyronine). Ngenxa yokuba igazi li-supersaturated ne-hormone ye-thyroid, iinkqubo zokuxilisa umzimba emzimbeni zikhawuleza.
Iintlobo kunye nemiqondiso ye-hyperthyroidism
Ukwahlula i-hyperthyroidism ephambili (inxulumene nokuphazanyiswa kwegciwane le-thyroid), okwesibini (ezinxulumene nezinguqulelo zesifo kwi-pituitary gland) kunye nephakamileyo (ezibangelwa yi-hypothalamus).
Izibonakaliso ze- hyperthyroidism , edlalwa ngabasetyhini abasemncinci , ayilulwanga . Izigulane ziyabonwa:
- Iingxaki ze-CNS (ukulala, ukuthukuthela nokukhawuleka, ukuhlaselwa kwesoyiki, ukuthetha okukhawulezayo, ukuxilongwa kwengcamango embi, ukutshatyalaliswa kwamancinci);
- ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-cardiovascular system (i-sinus tachycardia eqhubekayo, i-flutter kunye ne-fibrillation ye-atrial, i-pulse esheshayo, ephezulu (systolic) BP kunye ne-diastolic enciphise, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo);
- Ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo (kwi-45% yamatyala kukho ukunyuka kwisebe leso, ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwamehlo kunye nokuhamba kwawo ngokuhamba phambili, i-edema engabonakaliyo, i-eemadi i-eemadi, ukuphindwa kabini kwezinto, ukubetha kwamehlo, ukugqabhuka);
- ukuphazamiseka kwemizimba (kwizigulane, ukulahleka kwesisindo, nangona ukutya okuntle, kukho ukuthukuthela, ukunyamezela).
I-Hyperthyroidism ye-thyroid gland ibonakaliswe yimpawu ezifana nale:
- ukunqanda ulusu nonwele;
- ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambileyo zomlenze ophantsi;
- phuhliso lwe dyspnea;
- ubunzima ekukhuphukeni izitebhisi, ukuhamba kwexesha elide, ukuthwala imithwalo;
- ukomeleza okunzulu kokwenza umchamo omkhulu.
Ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kwe-hyperthyroidism kwabasetyhini
Xa ufumanisa, umxholo wamahomoni T 3 no-T 4 (ngasentla) kunye ne-hormone ye-thyroid (TSH - ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo) zivavanywa. Ukuchonga ubungakanani begciwane le-thyroid kunye nokuchonga izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa i-ultrasound. Ukuhlaliswa kwendawo yokwenza i-nodal isetyenziswe ngendlela ye-tomography. Ukusebenza kwegciwane le-thyroid kuhlolwa ngokusebenzisa i-radioisotope scintigraphy.
Ukunyanga kwe-hyperthyroidism , iindlela zokusebenzisa unyango ziyalisebenzisa (ukugcinwa kwama-hormones kuqhelekileyo ngoncedo lwamachiza), ukukhutshwa kwe-thyroid gland okanye inxalenye yayo, kunye ne-radioodine therapy.