Ngamanye amaxesha amandla omntu okuqonda abantu abakujikelezile amnceda kakhulu ebomini. Unokuqikelela ukuziphatha kwabanye kunye neemeko ezahlukahlukeneyo kwaye uqaphele iimvakalelo kunye neenjongo ngokuxhomekeke ekunxibelelaneni ngomlomo nangokungabonakali. Zonke ezi zipho zichaza oko kuthiwa yi-intelligence yoluntu yomntu.
Iyintoni ingqiqo yoluntu?
Ubulumko bentlalo lulwazi kunye nezakhono ezibonisa impumelelo yentsebenziswano, uhlobo lwesipho esinceda abantu ukuba badibane kunye nabantu kwaye bangangeni kwiimeko ezihlazo. Iingcamango zihlala zichongwa ngengqondo engqondweni, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo abaphandi bayakubona behamba ngokufanayo. Ngengqiqo yolwazi lwezentlalo kukho izinto ezintathu:
- Ezinye izazi-ntlalo zihlukanisa ngolunye uhlobo lwengqondo, ikhono lokuqonda, kwaye libeka ingqalelo ngolwazi, izivakalisi kunye nezemathematika, njl njl.
- Olunye uhlangothi lwalowo mzekelo lulwazi oluchanekileyo, iitalente ezifunyenweyo kwinkqubo yentlalo.
- Inkcazo yesithathu yinto ekhethekileyo yobuntu, eqinisekisa ukuba uqhagamshelwano oluyimpumelelo kunye nokulungelelanisa kwiqela.
Ubulumko beNtlalo kwiSychology
Ngomnyaka we-1920, u-Edward Lee Thorndike wazisa i-psychology kwingqiqo yolwazi lwezentlalo. Wayemjonga njengobulumko kwiintsebenziswano, obizwa ngokuthi "ukubonela phambili." Kwimisebenzi elandelayo ngababhali njengoG. Allport, F. Vernon, O. Comte, uMnu Bobneva kunye noVn. Kunitsyn, kunye nabanye banegalelo ekuchazeni i-SI. Ufumene iimpawu ezinje:
- ukukwazi ukudibanisa nabantu kunye nokuqonda imvakalelo yeqela;
- ukuzimela ngaphandle kwengqondo. into;
- ukubunjwa kwezakhono kwiinkqubo zentlalo;
- ithuba lokuzibona ngamehlo abanye;
- izakhono zehlabathi, eziphuhliswe kwimvelaphi yeempawu zokuthetha.
Amanqanaba olwazi lwezentlalo
Emva kokuba sele ibeke indima yengqondo yoluntu kwindawo yophuhliso lobugcisa, izazinzulu zaqala ukucinga oko kuyimfuneko yolwazi lwezentlalo kunye noko abantu abanakho. Phakathi kwekhulu lemashumi mabini, uJil Guilford wavelisa uvavanyo lokuqala, okwazi ukulinganisa i-SI. Ukuqwalasela iiparitha ezinjenge-complexity of the task, isivinini kunye nokuqala kwesisombululo, umntu unokuthi ukuba umntu unolwazi oluntu. Xa kukho ubuchule bezinga lobuchule bezentlalo kuthi ukusebenza kwezenzo kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Ukusebenza kakuhle kunquma amanqanaba amaninzi e-SI:
- Iipateni zentshukumo-ndlela, ukusebenza kwimiba yemihla ngemihla;
- ukuziphatha okungonakaliyo, ukukwazi ukubhubhisa nokuba yinto engathandekiyo yeemeko;
- eliphezulu - ubuchule bokunxibelelana, ukuphathwa kwabantu, ukukwazi ukulawula nayiphi na ingxaki.
Ubulumko bezentlalo
Iimathematika zobomi kukuba abantu bahlala behlangabezana nemisebenzi enzima. Abo bazinokuyicombulula, phumela. Ubulumko bentlalo kunye nengqondo buphakamileyo ukuba umntu unomnqweno kunye nokukwazi ukucinga. Umntu onobuhlanga uhlala ekhokela. Iphelisa abachasi ukuba batshintshe iingcinga zabo, iinkolelo zabo, iingcamango zabo; ngokukhawuleza ukugaya ulwazi olufunyenweyo kwaye ulawula ingxaki, ukufumana izicombululo ezichanekileyo ngexesha elifutshane.
Ubulumko bezentlalo
Ukuba umntu unomgangatho ophantsi wobulumko bentlalo, ubukho bakhe buzele ubunzima obonakalayo ngokwabo kwaye ngokukodwa ngenxa yephulo lakhe. Abantu abangenako ukukhetha i-vector yokuziphatha, benze izimo kunye neziphumo. Badibana kakhulu nabanye, kuba banako ukukhahlazela ingcambu yesizwe esiphuthumayo kunye nobudlelwane obubi kunye nabantu abalulekayo. Kwaye ubunzima obuvela ekukhulumisaneni, abantu abangafumaniyo banokukunqoba kuphela ngoncedo lomntu kunye noncedo.
Indlela yokuphuhlisa ingqiqo yoluntu?
Abantu abaninzi banenkathalo malunga nokuphuhliswa kwengqondo yoluntu, njengethuba lokuphakamisa izinga labo kuluntu. Ngenxa yoko kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ukuba imodeli yale nto ibandakanya ntoni. Isakhiwo sobunzulu bezentlalo sisininzi kwaye sinezinto ezinjengoku:
- ubuchule bomntu ngamnye - uxhumano, ukuhambelana nabanye abantu;
- ukuqaphela, ukungabikho kwemingcipheko kunye nokunyanzeliswa kweengxaki;
- udidi lwenkcubeko. iziganeko;
- ukuqonda kweenjongo zabantu kunye nokuziphatha kwabo.
Ukuphakamisa i-bar yolwazi lwezentlalo, kuyimfuneko ukuphucula ulwazi lomntu kwaye ukulahla enye imikhwa ephazamisana noqhagamshelwano loluntu. Into yokuqala kukuba uhambe ngaphezu kwe- egoism kwaye ubeke ingqalelo kwabanye abantu, oko kukuthi, ukwandisa ukufumana kwakho. Kuya kuba luncedo ukufunda indlela yokwenza oku kulandelayo:
- ukuqonda ulwimi lomzimba;
- funda imizwa;
- ukubamba umoya we-interlocutor;
- phu laphule;
- lawula zakho iimvakalelo;
- ukwenza ngokubanzi ngaphandle kokungabaza.
Ubulumko bentlalo - uncwadi
Ukuze uqonde intsingiselo yolwazi lwezentlalo, ungakwazi ukuqhelana neencwadi ezikule sihloko. Lo msebenzi kwizengqondo kunye nentlalo, isebenza, echaza malunga neengxaki zomntu, kunye neendlela zokuzisombulula. Ku luncedo ukuqhelana neencwadi ezifana nale:
- UGuilford J., "Amacala amathathu eengqiqo," ngo-1965.
- Kunitsyna VN, "Ubuchule boluntu kunye nolwazi lwezentlalo: isakhiwo, imisebenzi, ubudlelwane", 1995.
- Albrecht K., "Intelligence Intelligence. Inzululwazi yezakhono zokusebenzisana ngempumelelo nabanye ", ngo-2011.