Xa umfazi otshaya efunda malunga nokuzalwa kobomi obutsha kuye, okokuqala kukho konke ekucingayo malunga nendlela yokulwa nalo mkhuba omubi. Okwangoku, akukho namnye umntu onokungabaza ingozi yokutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwaye ngokwenene nawuphi na umama ozayo ufuna ukuzala umntwana ophilileyo. Kodwa njani ukulahla ukutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa? Indlela yokuququzelela le nkqubo kwaye phi ukufumana amandla? Sizakuzama ukuphendula le mibuzo.
Ukubhema kuthinta njani umntwana?
Makhe sijonge kwimiphumo yegayibha ekuphuhliseni nasekukhuleni komntwana. Impembelelo yokutshaya iyingozi nangaliphi na ixesha. Ingozi ekhethekileyo yokutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa isetyenziswe kwiiveki zokuqala, xa umfazi engayikrokri imeko echaphazelayo kwaye ngoko ke uqhuba indlela yakhe yokuphila. Kwi-trimester yokuqala, umntwana akayikhuselekanga ekuboniseni izinto ezinobungozi ukusuka kwi-placenta. Ngaloo ndlela, i-nicotine, i-carbon monoxide kunye nezinye izinto ezinobuthi zifumana ngqo kwi-embryo ngegazi lomama. Oku kubangele ukubonakala kweentsholongwane zentliziyo, amathambo, ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ukuphuma kwesisu.
Kwimizuzu yesibini neyesithathu, umphumo wokutshaya ukukhulelwa kungabangela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwaye kubangele ukuguga kwe-placenta, okubangela ukuba i-phyto-placental insufficiency. Izithambo kunye ne-oksijini zithunyelwa kumntwana ongaphantsi ngokwaneleyo, kwaye ke umntwana ophantsi kwesisindo somzimba kunye nokukhula okuncinci kuzalwa. Ngendlela, ngelixa umama olindelayo elibazisekile ngogwayi, umntwana wakhe unesifo se-asphyxia esifutshane.
I-hypoxia rhoqo (ukungabikho kwe-oksijeni) ikhokelela ekukhuleni kwengqondo yengqondo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oomama emva kokubeletha bathi umkhuba wabo omubi awunakuchaphazela uphuhliso lwengqondo lomntwana. Nangona kunjalo, kukufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba iimiphumo zokutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa zingabonakalisa kamva xa umntwana ehamba esikolweni. Akayi kunikwa iincwadana ezilula okanye izibongo zokufunda.
Yintoni eya kunceda ukulahla ukutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ukukrazula le mkhuba embi umfazi unamandla. Mhlawumbi, ezinye zeengcebiso zethu ziya kukunceda:
- Ukuvuselela okunamandla kunokuba kuchazwe oko kwenzekayo ngokutshaya nomntwana.
- Ukuba i-cigarette iyanqatshwa, imeko jikelele yowesifazane okhulelweyo uya kuphucula: iintloko ziya kwenzeka, kwaye ukubonakaliswa kwe-toxicosis kuya kwehla.
- Akukhuthazwa ukuyeka ukutshaya kwindawo. Inyaniso yokuba ukukhulelwa ngokwayo kukuxinzeleleka komzimba. Ukukhanyela ngokukrakra ukutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa kungaholela ekudakaleni kokuphila komfazi. Tyalela le nkqubo kwiiveki ezingama-2-3.
- Okokuqala, ncitshiswe inani lokubhema i-cigarettes ngosuku ngalunye lwesithathu, emva kwesiqingatha. Kamva, umsi nje kuphela ugwayi i-cigarettes emini, ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye uyamla.
- Ngaphambi kokuba uphule umzimba wokutshaya ngonaphakade, thatha umgaqo ukuba ungabhemisi ugwayi wakho. Okokuqala, bhema umbhegi ukuya kwisiqingatha, kunye neveki kamva, yenza nje abantu abancinci nje ukuba banciphise i-nicotine elambileyo.
- Zama ukuphepha ukutshaya ukutshaya. Njengoko kunokwenzeka ukutyelela indawo yokubhema emsebenzini, ziyeke kwiinkampani apho zitshaya khona. Gwema amava anesiphako, apho isandla sifikela khona ipakethi yecuba. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, tshintsha ingqalelo yakho, phazanyiswa.
- Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-nicotine ezinciphisa i-nicotine elambile kwaye zandisa amathuba okulwa nomkhwa omubi. Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenziseni amacwecwe okutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunye nokutya okungafundwa kancinci kancinci, kungcono ukunqanda, kuba kukho umngcipheko wokusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwe-nicotine. Iimpawu ezikhuselekileyo nezikhuselekileyo zingaba zi-patty nicotine, i-chewing gums okanye i-sprays, i-dose ye-nicotin ekuncinci. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukhetho lokuthatha indawo yonyango kufuneka luxoxwe nodokotela.
Siyathemba, xa sifunde kweli nqaku ukuba ukutshaya kuthinta njani umntwana kunye nendlela yokulahla ngayo le mkhuba, uya kuwenza isipho kuwe nakumntwana wakho.