Umngcipheko wokulimala komntu osemntwini kwi-system central neervous system (i-PCNC) inokwenzeka kumntwana ngexesha lophuhliso lwe-intrauterine kwaye emva kokuzalwa de iintsuku ezisixhenxe zobomi.
Yintoni ukuxilongwa kwe-PCNC?
I-PCVC ibonwa kwi-10% yeintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa ezizalwe ngexesha, kwaye malunga ne-70% yesibalo esipheleleyo sezifo ezinsana ezingekafiki.
Izizathu ze-PPNC kubantwana
I-PCNC kwintsana ingabangela ukuvela kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
- i-hypoxia yobusana;
- ukuxhatshazwa;
- ukuzalwa;
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo zomama ngexesha lokukhulelwa;
- kuncipha kwizinga le-hemoglobin egazini lomama kwinkqubo yokuzala umntwana;
- i-pathology ye-placenta.
Umngcipheko we-PCNC uphezulu xa kukho izinto eziphambili:
- intetho ye-pelvic ye-fetus;
- Ukuthunyelwa kwangaphambili okanye ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambili;
- isiqhamo esikhulu (ngaphezu kweekhilogram ezine).
I-PCNC kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa: iimpawu
Kwimeko yokuxilongwa komntwana osandul 'umntwana, umntwana unemiqondiso elandelayo yokuba neepts:
- utshintshe ithoni ye-muscle (hyper okanye hypotonic);
- uxhalaba lweemoto;
- ukugubha kweengqungquthela neengcambu;
- zixhala;
- ukungazinzi;
- i-dyskinesia yesiginci sesisu (isisitrasi esingaqinisekiyo, ukuguquka, ukubuyiswa kwakhona);
- utshintshe izinga lentliziyo;
- isandi esingenanto senhliziyo;
- utshintshe kwisigqi sokuphefumla;
- ukwandisa intloko yentloko yomntwana ngaphezu kweyentimenti enye ngeveki;
- imibala engalinganiyo yesikhumba somntwana.
Njengomthetho, ngomnyaka womntwana, ukubonakaliswa kwehla kuyaphela okanye kuphele ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, izilonda ze-perinatal zingaba nemiphumo yesikhathi eside:
- ukulibaziseka kwengqondo, intetho okanye ukuphuhliswa kwemoto;
- i-cerebroasthenic syndrome (ukuguquka kwemizwelo, ukuxhalaba kweemoto, ukuxhamla, ukuhlala ubuthongo);
- ingqalelo yokungaphumeleli kokugula .
I-PCNC kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa: unyango
Ngexesha elimninzi, umntwana osandul
- i-hemostasis: i-dicycin, i-rutin ne-calcium;
- unyango lokungcoliswa kwamanzi: ukusetyenziswa kwezidumbu ze-diuretics;
- Ukuxilongwa kweyeza: ukulungiswa kweenkqubo zokuxilisa ngokuzisa isisombululo se-10% ye-glucose, i-ascorbic acid;
- unyango olungumqondiso, kuquka ukupheliswa kweentlungu, ukukhubazeka kwesimo sokuphefumula kunye nesifo senhliziyo.
Ukondliwa komntwana kwenziwa ngeprobhethi okanye ngesifuba ngokuxhomekeka kobunzima besifundo sesi sifo.
Kwixesha lokubuyiselwa, umsebenzi oyintloko kukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwempawu zesifo segazi. Ukuchasana, ugqirha unokubeka i- phenobarbital , i-radomor, i-finlepsin, kunye ne-regurgitation-motivation-enzyme okanye i-cerucal, phambi kweengxaki zemoto-alizin, galantamine, i-dibazol, i-proserin.
Ukunciphisa ukubola kwegazi, ichiza limiselwe lidazu. Ukubuyisela inkqubo ze-trophic zengqondo, izidakamizwa ze-nootropic zisetyenziswa: i-pyracetam, i-glutamic acid, i-cerebrolysin.
Ukukhuthaza usebenze ngokubanzi kumntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa, i-massage yokwelapha kunye ne-gymnastics ekhethekileyo iqhutyelwa.
Ngethuba elincinci kubazali ngenxa yobukho bomntwana wesilonda sokubeleka kwesistim se-central central, kufuneka afune ngokukhawuleza iingcebiso kwi-neurologist ekukhetheni unyango olunzulu. Ngokukhawuleza uqala unyango, ukuphakama kwamathuba okubuyiswa okupheleleyo komntwana.
Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba uphuhliso lomntwana luyenzeka ngabanye, kubandakanywa nenkqubo yomsebenzi wengqondo. Iimpawu ezinjalo zomntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa kwimeko nganye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokubuyisela imisebenzi yemisebenzi ephezulu yeentlanzi.