I-spondylitis enobuhlungu (isifo sika-aka Pott) sisifo esichaphazela umlenze. Esi sifo sivame ukuxilongwa kubuntwaneni kunye nentsha. Kubantu abadala, aluqhelekanga. Ubundlobongela abuchaphazeli ubukhulu bokubonakalisa kwesi sifo. Ngaphandle kwonyango olufike ngexesha, iziganeko zesigulane zizona zibi kakhulu.
Yiyiphi i-spondylitis enobunzima?
Esi sifo sibangelwa intonga kaKoch . Ixhoba inkqubo ewonakalisayo kwi-vertebrae kunye ne-deformation yabo. Kwakhona kukho ukufuduka kwezitho zangaphakathi, ngenxa yoko bayeke ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo. I-fusion ye-spinal tubercity ihamba ngamanqanaba alandelayo:
- Ukulandelelana kwangaphambili - kweli nqanaba izigulane azifuneki uncedo lonyango. Esi sifo sivame ukuvela ngokungenasiphelo okanye kukho iimpawu zendalo jikelele: ukukhathala, ubuthathaka kunye nezinye iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa komzimba.
- I-Spondylic - kweli nqanaba, inkqubo yokuvuvukala isasazeka ngaphaya kwe-vertebra echaphazelekayo. Ngenxa yoko, i-deformation yale sayithi ivela, inkqubo ye-spinous ivela. Konke oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqha umgca. Kule nqanaba, i-spondylitis enesifo esichukumisayo isenzeka ngeempawu ezibonakalisiweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kule nqanaba, bafuna uncedo lwezokwelapha.
- I-post - engxamisekileyo - kweli nqanaba, ubunzima beprogram yokuvuvukala buyeka . Iimpawu ziba ngaphantsi. I-kyphosis ichazwe ngokucacileyo. Ngenxa yokukhutshwa kunye nokufuduka kwe-vertebrae, iingcambu zentambo yomgudu zingagxininiswa. Kwixesha elizayo kubangela ukukhubazeka.
I-spondylitis enobuhlungu ingafumaneka kwindawo ezinjalo zomgudu:
- yomlomo wesibeleko;
- thoracic;
- lumbosacral.
I-spondylitis eneengxaki ezinokugqithiselwa njani?
Usulelo luvela ngeendlela ezininzi:
- Uhlobo oluthile - intonga kaKoch idlulisela umzimba ngokujikeleza kwenkqubo.
- Uqhagamshelwano - le ndlela yokusuleleka ivela ngesifo sofuba sezitho zangaphakathi.
- I-lymphogenous - intsholongwane isasazeka kwizitho kunye nezicubu ngokusebenzisa i-lymph.
Ukuze uqonde ukuba i-spondylitis enobungozi iyasasazeka, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, lesi sifo senzeke kwizigulane ezineentsholongwane zesifo somphunga. Ngenxa yoko, isifo sinokudluliselwa kubantu abakujikelezile ngamaconsi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isiguli sinesifo sikaPott-imbono ephambili yentsholongwane, ithuba lokusuleleka kulo lincinci.
Ithuba elikhulu lokufumana i-spondylitis kubantu abane-pathologies:
- isifo sikashukela;
- izifo ezikhoyo;
- izifo ezingapheliyo zangaphakathi;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- emva kokutshintshwa kwezitho zangaphakathi.
I-spondylitis enobuhlungu - iimpawu
Kwinqanaba elibalulekileyo lokugula ezinjalo iimpawu ziboniswa:
- buhlungu;
- ukunyanzelisa;
- Ukushisa komzimba ophakamileyo (37.5 ° C - 38 ° C);
- ukuphuka.
Ukuba isifo sofuba-spondylitis sichaphazele ummandla wesibeleko, ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswa:
- ekhanda rhoqo;
- ukudideka kwengqondo;
- ukungcola;
- shaky.
Ukugweba isifo sofuba sesigxina se-thoracic singaba zizathu ezilandelayo:
- intlungu eyenyuka ngamandla;
- ukuphazamiseka kwezandla;
- ukubethelwa kwimihlaba yecala.
I-Spondylitis ye-lumbosacral umgudu ibonakaliswe ziimpawu ezilandelayo:
- iingxaki zokucoca;
- kunzima kwemilenze ;
- intlungu ebuhlungu kumqolo osezantsi.
Kukho uhlobo lwesithathu lweempawu zendlela yokungathinteki kwesifo sikaPott:
- Ukukhawulwa komgudu (umlenze ubonakala).
- I-abscesses (kwinqaba, kwi-popliteal fossa okanye kwisifuba sibonakala i-fistula).
- Izibonakaliso zendalo yengqondo (ububele kunye nomsebenzi wemilenze nezandla azikho amandla).
I-spondylitis enobuhlungu - ukuxilongwa
Ugqirha uyaqwalasela iimpawu zesifundo sesi sifo, izikhalazo zesigulane malunga nobukho bempawu zokuxhatshazwa kunye nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwezandla okanye iinyawo. Ukuchonga uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-TB yesifo sofuba luya kunceda. Uya kubonisa inkqubo yokuvuvukala emzimbeni. Nge-spondilitis, amazinga aphezulu e-ESR. Ukongeza kwindlela yokuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele, ezinye iindlela zokuxilonga zisetyenziswa:
- proteinogram;
- hlalutyo lwe-immunoglobulins;
- biopsy;
- urinalysis;
- vavanyo lwe rheumatological.
Isigulane siya kunconywa ukutyelela ezo ngcali:
- ngcali;
- rheumatologist;
- phthisiatrician;
- Traumatologist;
- neurologist.
I-spondylitis enobuhlungu - iimpawu ze-X-ray
Xa ukuxilongwa kuyenziwa, iindlela zokusebenzisa izigulane zisetyenziswa. Ziquka:
- MRI;
- Ultrasound;
- i-radiography yomgudu;
- CT.
Ukuba ugqirha ugxeka isigulane se-spondylitis esichukumisayo, ukuxilongwa ngokungafaniyo kuya kubonisa isigulane esinjalo sokugula:
- i-engorgural vertebral;
- iifracture fractures;
- ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezibilini;
- osteoporosis;
- ukuchithwa kwee-vertebrae kunye neeplati zokugqibela.
Indlela yokuphatha isifo sofuba sisifo se-spondylitis?
Isigulane, esiqinisekisile esi sifo, sifanele sibhedlele esibhedlele esikhethekileyo sonyango lwe-sanatorium. Ukwelashwa kwentambo yokuguqula umthambo kubandakanya ukuhlanganiswa. Imelwe yimisebenzi elandelayo:
- Ukuhamba imihla ngemihla emoyeni omtsha;
- ukutya okunempilo;
- gymnastics yokwelapha;
- usebenzisa i-corset exhasayo kunye ne "gypsum bed";
- unyango lweziyobisi;
- inkqubo ze physiotherapy.
Ukwelashwa kweziyobisi zesifo sofuba sisifo se-spondylitis:
- ulawulo lwe-etiotropic ye-pathogen;
- iimpawu - ukupheliswa kwesibonakaliso seklinikhi yesifo.
Xa unyango lwe-etiotropic luchaza loo mayeza:
- Isoniazid;
- Streptomycin;
- Rifampicin .
Utyando lwe-Symptomatic lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamaqela amayeza:
- I-Corticosteroids (i-Prednisolone, i-Metipred).
- IiVithamini zeqela leqela.
- Iziyobisi ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo (i-Meloxicam, iLornoxicam).
- I-Miorelaxants (i-Baclofen ne-Midokalm).
I-spondylitis enobuhlungu
Ingenelelo yokuphanda iyenziwa kuphela emva kokuba isifo sidlula kwisigaba esiqatha. Ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo i-spondylitis enobuthi, unyango kufuneka lwenziwe kwiinyanga zokuqala ezi-6-12 emva kokuqala kokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo. Ukuba isifo sifunyiwe, umsebenzi awuyi kunika iziphumo ezilindelekileyo. Ukungenelela okufanayo okujoliswe ekupheliseni iimpazamo zomzimba. Kule nkqubo, i-vertebrae ephukile ithatyathwa yintsimbi ye-prostheses.
Iziphumo zesifo sofuba sisifo se-spondylitis
Ukuba awuqali unyango ngexesha, uya kuba neengxaki zempilo ezinzulu. Isiphumo esona "esingenakubungozi" sesi sifo sisithuba esonakele. Iingxaki zesifo sofuba sisifo se-spondylitis sinokuba yingozi. Nazi ezinye zazo eziqhelekileyo:
- ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini we-genitourinary system;
- ukukhubazeka kwezandla okanye iinyawo;
- i-meningitis enobuhlungu;
- epiem;
- pericarditis ;
- ukungasebenzi kwemathumbu amakhulu;
- mediastinitis.