Phantse bonke abantu abasemhlabeni bajongene nezifo eziphefumulayo zokuphefumula okanye iintsholongwane eziphefumulayo rhoqo ngonyaka - i-froid okanye umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo uthatha umzimba kwisenzo iintsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezingu-8, ezibangela iingxaki xa kungenakunyango. Khawucinge ngamachiza enyango echazwe kwi-ARVI.
Izindlela zokonyango
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iipilisi zokubanda kunye nomkhuhlane zingachazwa kumaqela alandelayo:
- I-immunostimulants - iivithamini, kwaye ngokukodwa i-ascorbic acid (i-vitamin C), iindleko eziphezulu eziququzelela ukuhamba kwe-ARVI.
- Iipilisi ezi-antitiviral, eziphambili kakhulu ekukhuseleni umkhuhlane kunye nokubandayo, kodwa nakwinqanaba lokugula banomthelela onobungozi kumaziko asulelayo.
- Ukulungiswa kwonyango olusisiseko kunye nolumqondiso - i-antipyretic, i-expectorant, i-vasoconstrictive (amaconsi emisipha), njl.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, nangona iinzululwazi zenzululwazi, isayensi ayizange iqhubele phambili ekulweni neentsholongwane kude nokulwa neebhaktheriya, ngoko akukho pilisi echasene ne-influenza ne-ARVI okwamanje. Nangona kunjalo, iziyobisi ze-antiviral zisandula ukukhawuleza inkqubo yokuphucula, nangona izinga eliphambili ekhatyweni kwebanda lihlala lenzelwa unyango olumqondiso.
Iziyobisi
Omnye wamaqela eziyobisi apho ukuphumelela ekukhuselweni kwe-influenza kuye kwafakazelwa ukuba yi-neuraminidase inhibitors: abayikuvumela ukuba intsholongwane isasaze emzimbeni, inciphise ubunzima beempawu kwaye unciphise ingozi yeengxaki.
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) - qalisa ukuthatha iintsuku ezimbini zokuqala zesifo. Isiluleko sinikezelwa kubantu abanomsebenzi wokuba nomonakalo onzima.
I-Zanamivir - ayikwazi ukudibaniswa ne-inhalants kunye ne-bronchodilators (i-sprays from asthma). Ezi pilisi malunga nomkhuhlane zingabangela ukucasula kwi-nasopharynx kunye ne-bronchospasm.
I-Oseltamivir kunye neZanamivir ziphumelela kakhulu kumelene ne-HIV kunye ne-B iintsholongwane, kodwa ezinye i-SARS aziyiki. Ukuthatha ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha kuyingozi - ngaphezu kweenzuzo ezidweliswe, iipilisi zinemiphumo emibi.
I-blockers yeprotheni ye-viral pro2
Olunye udidi lwee-anti-viral agents zi-M2 blockers, ezibandakanya i-Rimantadine kunye ne-Amantadine (kunye neempawu zazo). Iipilisi ezinjalo zikunceda ekukhuseleni intsholongwane ye-influenza, nangona sele sele ininzi imingcipheko engaxhatshazwayo. Ukulungiselelwa kuthathwa njengobuthi obunelisayo kwaye akusebenzi ngokukodwa, ngoko kusetyenziswa ngaphantsi nangaphantsi.
Ngamanye amaxesha anika i-ribavirin - iyakhathaza i-hepatitis kunye ne-herpes, kodwa isilwanyana sinoluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lweempembelelo kunye neengqinisiso, kwaye abaphandi abaninzi bayavuma ukuba umngcipheko wokuwuthatha uwedlula izibonelelo ezinokwenzeka.
Interferon Inductors
Oogqirha abanethemba elikhulu kakhulu bafaka kwiipilisi ezichasene ne-influenza kunye nezobandayo ezisusela kwi-interferon (IFN) - zidibaniswe namanye amanxeba antiviral, ukuphucula umphumo wazo. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba uqale ukuthabatha la mayeza, iphakamileyo isiphumo siya kuba.
Ngokubanzi, i-interferon yiqela leeprotheni ezifihla umzimba ngokuphendula ukuhlasela kwegciwane. Abaqhubi be-IFN bakhuthaza ukuveliswa kwezi proteins kwaye banqanda umsebenzi we-arhente echaphazelayo:
- Amiksin (okanye i-tilorone);
- Kagocel;
- Amizon;
- Arbidol;
- Grogrinosine;
- Cycloferon.
Ezi ziipilisi ezifanayo zifanelekileyo ekuthinteleni umkhuhlane.
Abantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala banqunywe ngumniki-mpilo we-immunoglobulin, oqulethe i-antibodies antibodies.
Utyando lwempawu
Ukulwa nokushisa kunye nomkhuhlane, amayeza ahlolwe ngexesha:
- Antipyretics - i-paracetamol, ibuprofen, i-aspirin (kuphela kubantu abadala); Ubushushu obuphantsi kwe-38 ° C abufunanga.
- Izidakamizwa ze-vasoconstrictive zendawo zendawo - ihla empumeni isekelwe kwi-xylometazoline, naphazoline, i-oxymetazoline (ingasebenzisanga iintsuku ezingama-5).
- Iipilisi zokuhlaziywa kwempahla - zichaphazelekayo ezinxulumene nokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane yentsholongwane (kungekhona umkhuhlane), njenge-tonsillitis, pharyngitis.
- Abaxhasi - i-Acetylcysteine, i-Ambroxol, iBromhexine, i-Carbocysteine; ukunceda ukulwa nokukhwehlela okuvelisayo.
- I-Antitussive - i-Butamirate, i-Glaucine, i-Dextromethorphan, i-levodropropizin, iPrenoxidiazine; ziboniswa ngokukhwehlela okumile.
Ngoko, ziphi iipilisi ezisuka kumkhuhlane kunye nokubanda ziphumelela kakhulu, sijonge. Ndingathanda ukongeza ukuba kubalulekile ukuncedisa unyango ngamachiza omntu: uphuzo oluninzi, ujoni, i-raspberry jam, i-citrus, i-wraps ne-fever, i-gargling-konke oku kunika umphumo obalaseleyo, uvivinywe ngaphezu kwesinye isizukulwana.