Enye yeenjongo zokuhlalutya i-biochemical as the tool of diagnostic tool is determining the presence of bilirubin emcini kunye nezinye izinto. Abantu abaphilileyo, le enzyme iqulethwe kumchamo kwixabiso elincinci ukuba i-reagents zendabuko ayifumananga, kwaye ngoko ke kukholelwa ukuba ukuqhelekileyo kukungabikho kwe-bilirubin kumchamo. Ngaphandle koko bathetha nge-bilirubinuria. Cinga oku kuphazamiseka ngokubanzi, kodwa okokuqala, ngendlela elula, siya kuhlalutya imetabolism ye-enzyme.
Uvela kuphi i-bilirubin?
Igazi labantu liqulethe i-corpuscles ebomvu (i-erythrocytes), enye yayo efa ngexesha lonke kwaye ithatyathwa yintsha. Ngexesha "lokufa" kwabo, le mizimba ikhiphe i-hemoglobin, eyahlukana ibe ziimpawu ezimbini: i-molecule ye-heme kunye neetyunki ze-globin. Eyona nto ivuleleke kuma-enzyme kwaye iba yi-bilirubin engqalileyo, into enetyhefu enomnumzana onokungcolisa into engena kwiiseli kwaye iphazamise ukuba isebenze ngokuqhelekileyo.
Uhlobo lunikeza indlela yokuguqula i-bilirubin engqalileyo kumgca ochanekileyo (umququzeleli wamanzi). Kwenzeka esibindi. Emva koko, kunye ne-bile, i-enzyme ikhutshwa nge-condo ukuya kwi-duodenum.
Ukuba umsebenzi wesibindi uphulwa, i-bilirubin ecacileyo ifumaneka kumchamo, kwaye ngaphambi kokuba iphoswe kwi-bile ibe ngegazi kwaye ingene kwiintso. Ingqungquthela engqalileyo ye-enzyme ayikwazi ukungena kuwo, kuba ayinakunqunyulwa ngamanzi.
Iimbangela ze-bilirubin kumchamo
I-Bilirubinuria iyimpawu yokukhubazeka kwesibindi ngenxa yoku:
- i-jaundice engumatshini (i-buct ngokusebenzisa i-bile evela kwisibindi idityaniswe emathunjini amancinci, amancinci - ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwe-pancreas);
- Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi (i-hepatitis) ye-virus, ibhakteria okanye inetyhefu;
- i-cirrhosis yesibindi ;
- iisitastase esibindi;
- ukulimala kwesibindi.
Kuzo zonke iziganeko, urinalysis ibonisa kuphela i-bilirubin ecacileyo, leyo isibindi esiphumelele ukukhonkxa nge-bile emathumbu, kuba uyagula, kwaye i-enzyme ingene egazini nasezintso. Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin ngokuthe ngqo luqhelekile.
Ngexesha elifanayo, kukho ukuphazamiseka apho kukho ubuninzi be-bilirubin engangqaliyo (nge-hemolytic anemia, umzekelo), kwaye ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa, kwaye uhlalutyo lomchamo alukwazi.
Ukuzimisela kwe-bilirubin kumchamo
Ukuchonga i-enzyme ye-bile usebenzisa iindlela ezininzi:
- I-sampuli isampula - 2-3 ml ye-urine yambethe i-1% isisombululo se-iodine kotywala. Ukuba isalathisi eluhlaza sibonakala emngceleni wezixhobo zombini, i-bilirubin emcinini iphakanyisiwe (oko kukuthi, ikhona).
- Uvavanyo lweFouche lwenziwe ngesisombululo se-barium chloride (15%): kwisixa sama-5 ml uyifake kwi-tube yokuhlola kunye ne-10 ml yomchamo. Zombane zixutywe kwaye zigqitywe ngefayile. Emva koko i-Fuchet reagent iya kuluhlu. Ukubonakala kwamakristal eluhlaza kuthetha ukuba i-bilirubin emcini ikhona.
Iimpawu ze-bilirubinuria
Ngenxa yokuba izizathu zokuthi i-bilirubin emcinini iphakanyisiwe, inxulumene nesifo sesibindi kunye nokuvumba i-enzyme egazini, umhlobo oqhelekileyo we-bilirubinuria yi- jaundice . Kwisigulane, isikhombiso seenyawo, kunye neembumba ezinamaqabunga kunye neengqinamba zesikhumba zifumana i-tinge ephuzi ebonakala kwiso.
Izifo ze-Hepatic zihamba kunye noxinzelelo kwi-hypochondrium (ngasekunene), ukwanda kweqondo lomzimba, ukukhwabanisa okubukrakra kunye nesiphithiphithi. Iifesi zikhanya ngombala, kwaye umchamo ngokuchaseneyo ufumana umthunzi omnyama. Ukutshiza kungenzeka okanye i-colic hepatic ingenzeka. Ukuba zifumaneke ezininzi zale mpawu, ugqirha kufuneka uqhagamshelane ngokukhawuleza, njengoko i-bilirubinuria ngumqondiso wesifo esibi kakhulu esingazidluli ngokwawo.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwisifo (izizathu zokuqala ze-bilirubin emcinini), unyango olufanelekileyo lubekwe. Ukongeza kwonyango lonyango, lifanelekileyo, kwaye kuyimfuneko, ukutya.