Iintyatyambo zeVola zikhula ukusuka kwimbewu - imithetho ebalulekileyo yokutyala nokunyamekela

Ukuba ufuna ukuhlobisa isayithi lakho ngezityalo ezityebileyo nezizithobekileyo, ngoko ulwazi malunga nendlela iintyatyambo ze-viola zikhula ngayo, ukukhula ukusuka kwiimbewu kwiipate kunye nasemhlabeni ovulekile, kuya kuba luncedo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba nini kunye nendlela yokuhlwayela ngayo ukukhula phantsi kwezempilo.

I-Viola - ikhula kwimbewu

Okokuqala kufuneka uqonde indawo apho izityalo ziya kukhula khona, kwaye akunakuvuyisa kodwa ukuba i-viola izothatha ingcambu zombini kwisayithi elangeni kunye nasemthunzini. Ukufumanisa indlela yokukhulisa i-viola evela kwimbewu, kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba elangeni iintyatyambo ziya kuba zikhulu kwaye ziqhakazile, kodwa izimbali-aziyi kuhlala ixesha elide. Kungcono ukhethe intsimi ilanga likhanyisa kusasa nangokushona kwelanga, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka kukhuselwe isithunzi. Akulungele ukulima kunye neendawo eziphantsi.

Kukho izicwangciso ezininzi zokunyamekela ongazisebenzisayo ukugcina izimbali ezintle:

1. Kubalulekile ukuba ngamanzi udibanise ngeentyantyambo, kuba ingcambu yenkqubo ingaphezulu (kwi-depth of not 20 cm). Ukuhlutha kufuneka kwenziwe njengoko kuyimfuneko. Yenza oku ngokuhlwa, usebenzisa amanzi aphelileyo ilanga.
2. Kwientyatyambo zafumana izondlo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ukuchumisa rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-3-4. Ngenxa yokuba nganye imitha yemitha kufuneka ilandele i-25 grams ye-superphosphate. Iinqununu kufuneka zinyanzeliswe emhlabathini, ize zanise.
3. Xa kuvela iqabunga lesithandathu, unako ukucoca isitshixo, ukuze ukwazi ukufezekisa ibhanki engcono.
4. Ukuba iqabunga liqhubekile, okanye xa i-buds emitsha ingabonakali, kuyimfuneko ukuphanga kwi-9-12 cm ukusuka kumhlaba. Emva koko, ukunyusa kunye namanzi kuyaziswa, okuya kukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamashishini amatsha kunye nokuqhuma kwakhona.

I-Viola - ikhula ukusuka kwimbewu ukuya kwiimbewu

Kukho imigaqo emibini ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuze ikhule izityalo ezintle:

1. Iintyatyambo zeVola, ezikhulayo ezivela kwimbewu eyenziwa ngokwemigaqo, kufuneka zigcine ukushisa komoya ngo-18-20 ° C. Ukuba izalathisi ziphantsi, ngoko kuvela kweentlobo kufuneka zilinde ixesha elide. Xa izityalo zibonakala, izitya kufuneka zihanjiswe kwindawo apho izinga lokushisa li-12-15 ° C.
2. Kuphuhliso oluqhelekileyo, le ntyatyambo ibaluleke kakhulu, ngoko ke usuku lokukhanya olusisiseko lufanele lugqibe iiyure eziyi-14. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa iiprolamlamps ezikhethekileyo. Ngokungahambi kokukhanya, izithombo ze-viola ziya kwandula.
3. Ukuba iintyatyambo zikhulile kwi-substrate ye-peat, akufuneki ukuchumiswa komhlaba kuqala, kodwa inkqubo kufuneka iqhutywe iiveki ezintathu emva kokuhlwayela. Ungasebenzisa ukucoca ngamaminerali.

Nini ukutshala i-viola kwiimbewu?

Kukho amaqhinga amathathu ongayilandela ukukhula naluphi uhlobo lwesityalo:

1. Ngekwindla, ungatshala intyatyambo kwindawo evulekile, kodwa iimbali ziza kwenzeka kuphela ngonyaka ozayo. Imigangatho yokutyala i-viola yezityalo - Agasti-Septemba.
2. Ukubona imifuno kwiminyaka yokuhlwayela, kubalulekile ukuhlwayela intyatyambo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Eli lixesha elihle livela ekupheleni kukaFebruwari ukuya ekuqaleni kukaMatshi.
3. Imifuno kunyaka wokutyala ingafumaneka ngokutyalwa kwembewu ehlobo evulekileyo. Ixesha elona lihle kakhulu le nqubo ngo-Meyi-ekuqaleni koJuni.

Indlela yokuhluma imbewu ye-viola?

Ukukhula kuhluma ngokukhawuleza, unokuqala ukuhluma imbewu. Ukwenza oku, qhafaza kuqala kubo ukuba ukhethe iziganeko eziphosakeleyo. Ukuhluma kwembewu ye-viola ayiyi kuba nzima: thabatha iingubo okanye ipotton pad, uyenze amanzi kwaye uyibeke kwimbewu, uyibeke ngendwangu emanqabileyo. Beka kwi-saucer okanye esinye isitya kwaye ubeke iintsuku ezimbalwa kwindawo efudumeleyo. Kubalulekile ukubeka iliso kumswakama womcimbi. Xa imbewu ivela kwihluma, unokuhlwayela.

Ukutsalwa komntwana kwiimbewu

Xa imbewu ikulungele, ungaqhubeka kwinkqubo ye-inoculation, elandela le miyalelo yokukhula:

1. Lungiselela izitya ezizaliswe ngumhlaba okhanyayo. Kungcono ukuthatha i-primer yevenkile uze uyixhumle ngesanti nomhlaba kwigadi, ugcine inani 1: 1: 2. Umxube olungeleyo kufuneka uchithe umkhuhlane wegazi ukuze ungakhuseli.
2. Imiyalelo yendlela yokutshala ngokufanelekileyo i-viola kwizilwanyana ibonisa ukuba xa umxube olungiselelwe umile, kufuneka wenze iindawo ezinzulu, usasaze imbewu, kodwa ungabonakali, uze ufefe umhlaba.
3. Ukuze imbewu ikhule, isitya sigqitywe ngefilimu okanye kwiglasi. Beka kwindawo efudumeleyo emnyama, ngaphambi kokuvela. Qinisekisa ukuqhuba rhoqo umoya.
4. Xa izityalo ziza kubonakala, thatha isikhephe ukuya ekukhanyeni kwaye uvule kancane ukuze uvumele ukufikelela kwe-oxygen.
5. Kanye ngeveki, yondla iintyatyambo, usebenzisa isisombululo esinyanzelekileyo sesichumiso seentyatyambo. Xa umhlaba ubomile, usebenzise amanzi usebenzisa i-nebulizer.
6. Ukuqoqa ientyatyambo kwenzeka, kwaye ekupheleni kuka-Epreli, ukufudumala kufuneka kuqale kwisitalato okanye kwibhaluni.

I viola ihamba ixesha elingakanani?

Umbuzo othakazelisayo abatsha, kwaye ke omnye kufuneka ayazi ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba imbewu ilungile, amahlumela aya kubonakala kwiintsuku ezithoba. Kubalulekile ngeli xesha ukulawula umthunzi womhlaba kwaye ukhulule ngokunyanisekileyo ukunyusa ukufikelela kwe-oksijeni, kodwa yenza konke ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi amahlumela. Kukho mfihlelo omnye wabalimi abanamava - amahlumela e-viola avela ngokukhawuleza, ukuba isitya kunye nembewu siya kuba semnyama.

Ukutshisa i-violas kwihluma

Xa isibini seenyawo zangempela zivela kwiimbande, zihamba ngeenqwelo ezihlukeneyo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-viola iyomelele, ngoko ke nokuba iingcambu zonakaliswe ngexesha lokutshintshwa, ziya kuphinda zifike ngokukhawuleza. Kubalulekile ukuba ungayazi kuphela xa kufuneka udibanise i-viola emva kwexesha eliphuthumayo, kodwa nakwezinye iinkalo, ngoko, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngexesha le nkqubo, izityalo ziyahluthwa, ngoko ke xa ukutshintshela kulungele ukugonywa kwi-cotyledons. Oku kuya kuphucula ukubonakala kweentyatyambo kunye nokuqinisa inkqubo yengcambu. Emva koko, ukukhula kuya kwanda emva kweiveki ezi-3-4.

I-Viola - ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela kwindawo evulekile

Ukuba uhlwayela imbewu ngasekupheleni kukaAugust okanye ngoSeptemba, ngaphambi kokuba iqhwa liwe, isityalo siya kuba nexesha lokukhuphuka kunye nokuphuhlisa inkqubo yenkomo enamandla. Isiqhamo se-floores siya kunyaka ozayo ukususela ngo-Epreli kuze kube seqhwa. Ukulima kwe-viola kwindawo evulekile kwenziwa ngokucwangciswa kwesi sikimu esilandelayo:

1. Yenza imifuno engavaliyo, uyithulule kwaye uyikhuphe imbewu ngokukhawuleza. Ukusuka ngasentla, ukuxubusha umhlaba kunye nokunyathela entendeni yakho, kodwa ungacinezeli ngamandla. Kufuneka kubekho umgama we-10 cm phakathi kweer grove.
2. Kunconywa ukuba ubhede lwe-pritenit, oluya kukhuthaza ukukhula okungcono nokukhusela ukuma komhlaba. Ngokomzekelo, unokwakha amashishini enqabileyo okanye amathenda ngamagqabi.
3. Xa amaqabunga ayenene amabini efomeni kwiimbewu, intyatyambo iyahlulwa. Kucetyiswa ukunciphisa ingcambu engundoqo nge 1/3. Kwindawo enokuhlala yokulima ityala ngokuqhutywa kwesikimu se-25x25 cm.
4. Nceda uqaphele ukuba isityalo akufanele siphumelele kulo nyaka, ngoko kufuneka unqumle ama-buds avele.

Primer for Viola

Ubuhle kunye nobude beentyantyambo zichaphazela umgangatho womhlaba apho ukutyala kuyakwenzeka khona. Ukunyuka kwe-bottomes kuyenziwe kangcono kwihlabathi e-loamy enomanzi kwaye enesiqhamo. Khawukhumbule nje ukuba amanzi ajikelezayo aya kubangela izimpande ezibolayo. Kwiimigaqo yokutyala i-viola kuboniswe ukuba amanzi okuqala kunye nokukhutshwa komhlaba kufuneka kwenziwe. Ukuba umhlaba awuvelanga, ngoko kufuneka wenze isichumisi.

Kufanelekile ukuba sicinge ukuba akuvumelekanga ukufaka i-humus, kodwa ukhetho oluhle yi- superphosphate okanye i-nitmonium nitrate. Ukuze impilo yeentyatyambo, i-violas, ikhule ukusuka kwiimbewu kunye nokutshala izityalo ngokwazo zingenziwa kwi-peat, egcina ukufudumala kwaye ayinakuncipha. Ukongezelela, inezinto ezininzi ezinomsoco. Inokufakwa kwiimithombo ezenzelwe imbewu.

Ngaba kufuneka ufefe umhlaba nge imbewu ye-viola?

Xa kuhlwayayo kudlula emhlabathini ovulekile, kucetyiswa ukuba imbewu ifafaze umhlaba ukuze bangabahlakazeli kwaye ngokukhawuleza bathathe ingcambu. Ukuba unomdla ukuba kubalulekile ukuba ufefe imbewu ye-viola xa ubalima kwiimbande, ngoko kuyafaneleka ukubonisa enye yeendlela ezahlukileyo zokuhlwayela, ezithandwa ngabaflorisi. Ndiyabulela kuye, ihluma iya kubonakala ngokukhawuleza, kuba ayinayo ukuchitha amandla awo ezama ukuwela emhlabathini. Ukuze zihlume iintyatyambo ze-viola, zihlakulele imbewu ngokulandelelanisa:

1. Ubumbi kunye nomhlaba kufuneka luthululwe ngamanzi afudumele. Xa i-liquid ishicilelwe, yibeka imbewu phezulu, ukhangele i-1-2 cm pitch.
2. Vala isitya kunye nefilimu okanye iglasi uze uyibeke endaweni efudumele kodwa emnyama. Enye inketho kukugubungela isitya kunye nekhadibhodi. Kubalulekile ukuba ujikeleze njalo imbewu.