Ukutshala ama-strawberries entwasahlobo kuza kuvelisa iziqhamo kuphela ngonyaka, ngaphandle kohlobo lwe-varietal, olunokuthengwa kwiindawo zokuhlala. Kwakhona, ukunqongophala kokutyala kwentwasahlobo kuya kuba yinto yokuba ngo-Ephreli-Meyi kuya kufuneka ityalwe kwindawo engatshatyalaliswayo. Ukuze ufumane isivuno esihle se-strawberries ezayo ihlobo, kulungile ukuqala ukutshala ngekwindla.
Ixesha lokutshala i-Strawberry ekwindla
Enyanisweni, ukutshala i-strawberries bushs kunzima kakhulu. Ixesha elihle lokutshala i-strawberries ekwindla lixesha ukusuka kwiminyaka elishumi yokuqala ka-Agasti ukuya kwishumi elinesithathu kaSeptemba. Izithombo, ezityalwa ngeli xesha, ziya kuba nexesha lokuhlala phantsi kwaye zomelele ngakumbi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa.
Kucetyiswa ukutshala ama-strawberries emhlabeni omanzi, mhlawumbi emva kwemvula okanye emva kokutyilisa ngokucophelela. Unyulo oluhle luya kuba ku-chernozem okanye kumhlaba wamahlathi omnyama. Umhlaba ohlukeneyo uya kwenza, njengoko i-strawberries ifuna ukuthobela umhlaba. Ewe, ama-strawberries, atyalwe kwindawo ye-peat okanye i-sod-podzolic, atyala isivuno esincinane.
Kufuneka ikhunjulwe ukuba ukutshintsha i-strawberry kubiza yonke iminyaka eyi-3-4. I-Optimum iya kuba kutyala kweebhedi ezi-3. Kule meko, ukutshintshwa kweentlobo kuya kufuneka kwenziwe kanye ngonyaka, kodwa isivuno siya kuhlala sisisigxina. Iingcali zincoma kwakhona ukutshintsha ilungiselelo leebhedi.
Khetha indawo
Isivuno esinobutyebi singaqokelelwa kwiibhedi, apho izityalo ezikhulile zikhulile.
I-Strawberry ayithandi ama-lowlands kunye nezikhala ezidibeneyo. Inxalenye engezantsi-ntshona yesayithi yakho iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo. Oku kuya kukhuthaza ukuvuthwa okungcono kwamajikijolo.
Akufanele ukhethe isayithi apho amazambane akhulile ngaphambili. Isizathu esona sikhulu sokungcola komhlaba ngamaqabunga e- wireworm kunye ne- Colorado beetle . Ezi zinambuzane zizona "ziintshaba" eziphambili zeerberberries. Ukungaphumeleli kuya kuba yimiyezo apho ukhukhamba, amaqabunga, iklabishi, kunye nepelepele zikhula. Ezilungileyo "ezidlulileyo" ziluhlaza, igalikhi, israyi, iibhotile kunye neerothi.
Indlela yokutshala ama-strawberries ekwindla?
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukwanda kweso sivuno kuya kuququzelelwa ngokusungulwa kwezichumisi. Xa ulungiselela umhlaba, uqule umyezo ngomquba nge 1 sq. M. 5 kg yeemitha.
Izithombo zingakhula ngokwabo okanye zithengwa kwivenkile ekhethekileyo. Ukuze ukhule ekhaya, kufuneka uhlasele i-rosette ngokukhawuleza xa ushiya isiqithi sakho. Isiseko kufuneka sithande. Leyo mavuvu amele afakwe kunye nokuyeka ukukhula okuqhubekayo.
Kwiveki yokufika emhlabathini (kungekho ngaphambili) izithombo kufuneka zifakwe kwigumbi elipholileyo. Inkqubo yengcambu ingaphathwa ngeefungicides, ezithengiswa kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile. Ukutyala, iimithombo zisoloko zenziwe kuqala 30-40 ngaphandle komnye. Njengomthetho, izityalo ezimbini zityalo zihlonywe emgodini omnye. Ukutyala i-strawberry enzulu ngokwaneleyo ukukhusela kwiqabunga kwinqanaba lokukhula (indawo apho amaqabunga ashiya khona ingcambu).
Ngethuba lokutyala akuyimfuneko ukugcina intshonalanga elangeni ukukhusela ukuma. Emva kokutyala iibhedi kufuneka zityiliswe, ngokucokisekileyo, ukuphepha ukuphuphuma nokuzama ukungonakalisi izityalo.
Ukukhusela izityalo kwiindawo ezinqabileyo ezinkulu, kungcono ukunyamekela inkqubo yokugcinwa kwekhephu kwangaphambili. Isikhuselo esifanelekileyo sekhephu asiyi kuvumela i-strawberries ukuba ife ebusika kwaye iya kunika umlinganiselo ofunekayo wokunyusa.
Njani i-strawberries iqhutywe ekuwa?
Kwisiqingatha sesibini se-Oktobha, hlela umbhede we-peat okanye i-sawdust yeenkuni kunye no-5-6 cm. Ukugqithisa okunjalo (okanye enye i-mulching) kuya kunceda ukugcina inkqubo kwiqhwa nokubhubhisa ezininzi iintlekele.
Abalimi abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba bazalani i-strawberries ekuwa. Unyango kufuneka lwenziwe ngamagama acacisiweyo:
- i-nitrojeni - malunga ne-80 kg / ha - enye inxalenye kufuneka yenziwe ngaphambi kokutshala kunye nokucoca kabini ngexesha lokukhula, kuxhomekeke kwimozulu;
- I-Potassium - 100kg / ha - i-1/2 isichumisi isetyenziswe ngaphambi kokutyala, kunye nokunye ngexesha leentyantyambo;
- i-phosphorus - 50 kg / ha - ifakwe kuyo xa kuyimfuneko ngaphambi kokufika;
- I-Magnesium - 100kg / ha - isetyenziselwa ukulungiselela umhlaba wokutyala.
Emva kokuba uzalise yonke imigaqo, unokufumana isivuno esihle kakhulu kwaye ngonyaka uzenzele wena kunye nabathandekayo bakho ngeberry elimnandi.