Esinye sezifo ezithintekayo kakhulu sisifo somkhuhlane we-typhoid, iimpawu zazo zidla ngokuzidibanisa kunye neengcamango, esi sizathu esinikwe igama elithi Hippocrates - igama lesiGrike elithi "typhos" lithetha "inkungu". Ngaphambi kokuveliswa kweziza-antibiotics, eso sifo sabangela izifo ezinkulu, nangona ngoku kukho umngcipheko wokusuleleka.
I-typhoid idluliselwa njani?
Le ntsholongwane ayikho into engathandekiyo, oko kukuthi, ithinta kuphela umntu. I-agent causative ye-typhoid fever yi-britterium i-Salmonella typhi, intonga yegram-negative.
Usuleleko ludluliselwa ngomzila ngomlomo, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukubamba i-typhus ngamanzi, izinto zendlu, ukutya. Izinto ezifunekayo zokusasazeka kwebhaktiriya kukunisela imifuno ngamanzi anokungcola; imeko yongxamiseko yamanzi okuthuthwa kwamanzi kunye neenkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha imiqondiso yesifo somkhuhlane we-typhoid ivakalelwa emva kokuhlamba emzimbeni wamanzi okanye ukungcola iimveliso zobisi, apho zonke iibhaktheriya zanda kakuhle, kwaye nangakumbi iSalmonella typhi yinto encinci.
Umntu ogulayo akaphelelanga ngeeveki zokuqala (ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa), kwaye ukutheleleka okuphezulu kukufikile kwiveki yesithathu.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ibhaktiriya ayesabi ngubanda, kodwa iyafa kumaqondo aphezulu: 20 - 30 imizuzu yokubilisa iyayivumela ukuba ichithe ngokupheleleyo.
Ingaba umkhuhlane we-typhoid ubonakala njani?
Ngethuba lexesha lokunyusa, elithatha isilinganiso seminyaka e-2, ezinye iibhaktheriya ezingena emzimbeni ziyafa, zikhulula oko kuthiwa yi-endotoxin. Kubangela ukuxhatshazwa. Isigulane sikhalaza malunga:
- ukulahleka kwesidlo;
- intloko;
- buthathaka;
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukuphosa;
- intlungu yesisu;
- ukuqothulwa.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo, esilandela ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwaye lihlala iintsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7, ezi zibonakaliswa ngokuthe ngqo.
Uphawu oluphawulekayo lweentsholongwane luhlobo olumhlophe nolumdaka olulwimi kunye neempapasho zalo ngamazinyo.
Ngethuba lokuphakama kwesi sifo (ihlala kwiintsuku eziyi-10), ezi zichazwe ngasentla zibonakaliswe ngumbimbi, ukulahleka kwesisindo, isisu esisiswini (isifo sesigulane esibuhlungu). Kubonakala ukugqithisa - kunye nomkhuhlane we-typhoid uhlala kwindawo esifubeni kunye nasesisu, kwiintlobo zezandla. Umbala obomvu obomvu obomvu obumnyama obonakala obonakalayo xa ucinezelekile.
Xa uphulaphula intliziyo, i-bradycardia kunye nentsiba yeetoni zibonakalisiwe; Uxinzelelo lwe-arterium luyancipha, i-spleen nesibindi zandisiwe ngobukhulu. Ekuphakameni kwesifo kukho okubizwa kanjalo. isimo se-typhoid - umntu uhlalisa, uhlaselo, ingqondo yakhe ididekile.
Ixesha lokubuyisela
Kwinqanaba lesisombululo sesifo, iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa ziphela, ukushisa kubuyela kwizinto eziqhelekileyo (ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokukhawuleza), isigulane siqala ukuba nesidlo, ubuthathaka buyancipha, ukulala buhlala ngokuqhelekileyo.
Emva koko kuza ukubuyisela - isigaba sokugqithisa, ngexesha apho kwi-3-10% yamatyala intsholongwane inokuqala ukuhlasela umzimba kwakhona. Iimpawu zokuqala zokuphinda ziphindwe kwakhona zihamba ngokushisa, i-malaise, ubuthathaka.
Kubalulekile ukuba kuqaphele ukuba ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngamayeza, lesi sifo siya kubonakala ngendlela ecacileyo kwifom echazwe kakuhle.
Ukuxilongwa kunye neengxaki
Esi sifo asikho phantsi kwonyango lwasekhaya kwaye sidinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlele. Iingxaki ze-typhoid fever zilandelayo:
- pneumonia;
- ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini;
- peritonitis;
- cholecystitis ;
- isifo sengqondo se-typhoid;
- usulelo lwezonyango.
Ukuba isigulane siphikwa unyango, umphumo wempembelelo ebulalayo uphezulu.
Ukufumanisa i-typhoid fever yi-bacteriolog examination of all fluids. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngenxa yomkhuhlane we-typhoid, kunye nomchamo, iifesi, i-bile, kubonisa ukuhlwayelwa, iziphumo zazo ezaziwa emva kweentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-4.