Ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, xa umzimba unobuthakathaka kwaye ulawulwa yimeko exinzelelekileyo (imeko yemozulu iyashintsha ngokuphawulekayo - ukutshintshwa kwintsholongwane kubanda kunye nakwezinye izinto), kukho izibheno eziqhelekileyo kwiikhadi loogqirha, izigqibo zeengcali "ORZ" kunye ne "ARVI".
Ekubonweni kokuqala, kubonakala ukuba ezi zifo zihluke ngokupheleleyo, kuba akunakunceda ukudala amagama ahlukeneyo kwizifo ezifanayo. Kodwa eqinisweni, umahluko phakathi kwabo awunzima, ukuba uvavanya eso sifo ngokwemiqondiso, kodwa iifogen ziyahluka, ezenza isicwangciso sonyango.
Yintoni i-ARI ne-ARVI?
Isitshixo ekuqondeni umehluko phakathi kwe-ARI kunye ne-ARVI isichaza izifinyezo:
- Izifo eziphefumulayo;
- I-ARVI iyingozi yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane.
Ngoko, i-ARI isifo esichazwe yinkqubo ephawulekayo yeempawu ezichaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumula, kuba "ukuphefumula" kuhlobene "nokuphefumula".
I-ARI iqoqo leempawu ezahlukileyo ezingabangelwa zizibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane.
Ngexesha elifanayo, i-ARVI ifana nesifo esiphefumulayo sesifo, isifo esibi, iimpawu zazo zibonakaliswa ngokuphulwa kwenkqubo yokuphefumula, kodwa kule meko i-pathogen iyaziwa - yintsholongwane.
Uwuphi umehluko phakathi kwe-ARI ne-ARVI?
Ngoko, umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-ARI kunye ne-ARVI kukuba isifo sokuqala singabangela zombini iibhaktheriya kunye ne-virus, kunye neyesibini zintsholongwane.
Ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo oko kwakuba yi-agent ekhuselekileyo yesifo, kubakho imfuneko ukuqhuba uhlalutyo olukhethekileyo kwi-microflora yomqala, ukuchithwa kwento efuna ixesha elide. Ngoko ke, kufanelekile ukuqhuba ukuhlalutya nje kuphela ngezifo ezingapheliyo zomqala, kunye nasesikweni esibuhlungu sesi sifo, ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nonyango kuyadingeka.
Ukongezelela, ngokuthe rhoqo ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane, kungabikho ukuchasana ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni, kukhula, kwaye kungaphantsi kweentsuku ezimbalwa kuhlanganiswe nentsholongwane yebhaktheriya. Oku "kuxuba" oogqirha bachonga njenge-ARI. Xa kunokwenene ukuba intsholongwane iyinto engama-pathogen, ugqirha uphawula i-ARVI.
Makhe sibonise oko kwakuthethwa ngoncedo lwezi ngongoma:
- I-ARI inxulumene nezifo ezibangelwa yi-bhakteria okanye ii-virus.
- I-SARS luhlobo lwesifo esiphezulu sokuphefumula, esichazwa yi-etiology ye-viral.
- I-ORZ idla ngokuqhubeka emva kwe-hypothermia, kwaye i-ARVI - emva kokusuleleka kwi-virus.
- Ama-Pathogens angabakho i-streptococci, staphylococci, i-pneumococci, kunye ne-virus-pertussis, imasisi, i-syncytial yokuphefumula, i-adenovirus, i-influenza ne-parainfluenza. Ezi zilandelayo zingabangela kunye ne-SARS.
Ukwahlula njani i-ARVI ukusuka kwi-ARI ngeempawu?
Iimpawu ze-ARVI kunye ne-ARI zihluke kancinci, kwaye yimi kunzima ukuba umntu onokuzihlukanisa ahluke phakathi kwabo.
Iimpawu ze-ARVI:
- ukukrazula, ukubunjwa kwe-mucus ebonakalayo kwi-nasopharynx-ukusabela okwenyama komzimba ekuhlaseleni kwegciwane;
- buthathaka;
- ngosuku lwesibini nolwesithathu lwesi sifo, ukushisa okubukhali kuya kufikelela kuma-degrees ama-38 kunokwenzeka, okungahlali ixesha elide; oku kubangelwa intsholongwane yokungena kwigazi, okubangela ukuxhatshazwa;
- kukho ukuphakama okuphezulu ukuba intsholongwane iya kuthintela iliso elilumkileyo kunye neendlela zesisu;
- Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, ukuba banomkhwehlela kunye neempumlo zebhola, zimanzi.
Iimpawu ze-ARI:
- ngokomthetho, eso sifo sibonakalisa ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwiintsuku zokuqala - ukushisa kuphakama, okuhlala ixesha elide, umqala umququzelele ngeengubo ezimhlophe (nge-angina), okanye ubonakale obomvu kwaye uvutha (nge-pharyngitis);
- ukukhwehlela - owomileyo owomileyo, emva koko; bronchitis;
- i-nasopharyngitis - ukuvuvukala kweembrane ezinqabileyo kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-liquid ecacileyo, i-mucus okanye ipus;
- I-Tracheitis - ngokuqhelekileyo ivela ngokukhwehlela .
Ukuhlula ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane evela kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane eyenzekayo ngokubonakala komqala - kunye nomnxeba omhlophe ubonisa intsholongwane yebhaktheriya, kunye nemivuno ebomvu-intsholongwane yentsholongwane. I-Sputum ngexesha lokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yintsholongwane. Xa ibhaktheriya inobumba obuluhlaza, obuluhlaza kunye neminye imibala.
Ngaloo ndlela, imiqondiso ye-ARVI ne-ARI ifana, kwaye ukwahlula,
Unyango kwi-ARI ne-ARVI
Unyango lwentsholongwane yokuphefumula kwentsholongwane yentsholongwane kunye nesifo sokuphefumula sisicace kuphela xa i-ORZ ibangelwa yiibhaktheriya. Kule meko, i-antibiotics iyadingeka, apho iibhaktheriya ziyakhathazeka. Ukuba i-ARI idibeneyo, kwaye ibangelwa yiibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ngoko-ke kufuneka i-agent e-immunostimulating agents. I-ARVI iphathwa ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, ukusela ngokufudumeleyo kunye nokunyanga kwendawo yendawo yokuphefumula ephezulu kunye neentsholongwane zomlomo, kunye nokuphuza.