I-infyoction ye-Myocardial yindlela yesifo senhliziyo yesifo senhliziyo, apho ukungaphumeleli kwimijikelezo epheleleyo okanye ekhethekileyo kuvela kwindawo ye-muscle yehliziyo. Kukho i-infyoction ye-myocardial, kokubili kwabesetyhini namadoda, kodwa ezi zilandelayo ziphantse ziphindwe kabini. Izibalo zibiza ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo enye yezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokufa kumazwe athuthukileyo kwihlabathi jikelele.
Izizathu zesifo
Isizathu esona sihlandlo esiphezulu sokuphuhliswa kwentliziyo yabasetyhini i-atherosclerosis yeempahla. Umsebenzi oyintloko weenqanawa ze-coronary kukudluliselwa kwezondlo kunye ne-oksijini kwiiseli zesisu zenhliziyo. Kwimeko ye-infarction, enye yale mikhumbi ivalwe i-thrombus, kwaye ukunikezelwa kwe-oksijini kwanele imizuzwana eyi-10 yokusebenza kwentliziyo. Emva kwemizuzu engama-30 yokungabi nondla, utshintsho olungenakuguquka kwiiseli zentliziyo luqala kwaye emva kweeyure ezimbalwa indawo echaphazelekayo iyicala. Ezinye izizathu, ezingaqhelekanga zezi:
- I-Obturation ngenxa yeendlela zokugonywa (i-angioplasty, i-artery ligation);
- ukuqulunqwa kwemithambo ye-cardiac ne-thrombosis, embolism ye-fat, njl.;
- i-spasm yeenqwelo ze-coronary (kunye ne-angina pectoris, njl.).
Kukho nemingcipheko echaphazela ukuvela kweempawu zesifo senhliziyo kwabasetyhini, ziquka:
- uneminyaka engama-50;
- ukunyanya;
- isifo sikashukela ;
- ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala;
- ukutshaya;
- i-cholesterol engaphezu kwegazi;
- msebenzi ophantsi;
- ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kwithuba elidlulileyo.
Ubungqina bubonakaliswe ngethuba elingenakulungelelaniso lokuphuhliswa kwaye luhlala lukhokelela kwingxaki enjengokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo yokungafani.
Iimpawu zesifo senhliziyo kwabasetyhini
Iimpawu zeemeko zihlukaniswe ngamaxesha ama-5, zilandelayo emva kwesinye:
- Ixesha langaphambi kokuphazamiseka lingahlala kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kwaye ibonakaliswe, ngokukodwa, ngokuhlaselwa kwe-angina pectoris, oko kukuthi, ukuhlaselwa kweentlungu okanye ukuphazamiseka emva kwe-sternum. I-Angina pectoris inokuqwalaselwa njengempawu yokuqala zokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, eya kwenzeka xa unyango aluqalwanga ngexesha.
- Ixesha elilandelayo libizwa ngokuba libukhali. Igcina iiyure ezimbalwa zokuqala ukususela kwi-infyoction ye-myocardial, ngamanye amaxesha. Ngokudla kaninzi kubonakaliswa yintlungu ebuhlungu emva kwe-sternum, ekhula kwaye inika kwingalo ekhohlo, i-scapula, i-clavicle, umhlathi. Uhambelana nokuhlaselwa yesoyiko kunye nesithukuthezi esiqhekezayo, iipilpitations kunye nokuphefumula, ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa yintliziyo.
Kukho neendlela ezinobomi be-myocardial infarction, ezingekho phantsi. Kanye nje ukubonakaliswa kuboniswa rhoqo kubasetyhini. Ezi ziquka:
- ubuhlungu besisu ( ubuhlungu besisu esiswini , isisongela, ukuhlanza, ubuthathaka, iimpawu ezifana ne-pancreatitis);
- i-asthmatic (i-dyspnea, i-edema yamapulm, iimpawu ezifana ne-asthma);
- i-cerebral (utywala, intloko yesifo, ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo, ukungazi kakuhle kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-neurological).
Ixesha eliqaqambileyo lide ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10 kwaye ngeli xesha isiqalo siqala ukwenza kwifayile ye-necrosis. Ixesha lokuxhatshazwa lifikelela kwiiveki eziyi-8 zokuqhawulwa kwebala. Kwaye kwithuba lokutshatyalaliswa kwesigxina, isiguli sigxininisa.
Ukuthintela i-myocardial infarction
Ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kwesifo senhliziyo, kuyafaneleka ukuthatha amanyathelo asele ekhona
- ukuthotyelwa komsebenzi okwenziwa rhoqo;
- wenqatshe ukutshaya;
- kuncipha kwinqanaba lokusetyenziswa kotywala;
- ukutya (isonka esincinane sezilwanyana kunye netyuwa, imifuno eninzi kunye nezithelo, intlanzi);
- ukulawula iswekile yegazi (isifo sikashukela kumngcipheko);
- ukulawula i-cholesterol egazini;
- ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi (akukho ngaphezu kwe-140 nge-90);
- Amalungiselelo amachiza abantu abane-angina okanye izingozi ezandisiweyo (aspirin, heparin).