Kungakhathaliseki ukuba zeziphi izizathu zokuvela kwesifo sikashukela kubantu, lesi sifo sesifo se-endocrine sisoloko sihamba kunye nezinga eliphezulu elingasenyakatho le-glucose egazini kwaye kubangelwa ukungapheli ngokupheleleyo okanye ukunganeliseki kwe-insulin.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni isizathu, isifo sikashukela sinokubangela iziphumo eziphazamisa umthamo we-carbohydrate, iiprotheni kunye namafutha.
Izizathu zesifo sikashukela
Esi sifo senziwa ngenxa yokusilela kwe-insulin rhoqo-i-hormone eyenziwe kwiziqithi ze-endocrine ze-pancreas, ezibizwa ngokuba ziziqithi zaseLangerhans. I-insulin iyinxaxheba ebaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke i-carbohydrate, iiprotheyini kunye neenkqubo ze-fatabolic zomzimba. Kwi-carbohydrate metabolism, i-hormone-insulin ithintela ngokunyusa ukungena kwe-glucose kwiiseli zomzimba kwaye isebenze ezinye iindlela zokwenza i-glucose synthesis. Ngexesha elifanayo, livimbela ukuphahlaka kwe-carbohydrates.
Iimbangela zesifo sikashukela esidalwa sisifo sikashukela zibangelwa ukuveliswa kwe-insulin engaphelelanga kunye nokuphazanyiswa kwefuthe layo kwiifom. Ukungasebenzi kwe-insulin, ehambelana nokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezivelisa i-insulini yeziqithi zaseLangerhans, kubangela ukubonakala kwezi zifo ezifana nesifo seswekile. Ukubonisa ukuba esi sifo siqala, xa ama-80% eeseli ayeka ukusebenza.
Ukuthetha ngohlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela, izizathu zenziwa ngokungasebenzi kwe-insulini kwiifom.
Izizathu zokuphuhliswa kwesifo sikashukela zisekelwe kukunyanzeliswa kwe-insulin, oko kukuthi, xa igazi liqulethe inani eliqhelekileyo okanye linyukayo le-insulin, kodwa iiseli zomzimba azibonisi ububele.
Izizathu zokuphuhliswa kwesifo sikashukela zihlukanisa isifo zibe zimbini iintlobo:
- ngokuzenzekelayo - ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwisistim somzimba;
- idiopathic.
Kwaye ukuba izizathu zokubonakalisa kwesifo sesifo seswekile sisifo sesifo sesifo sentsholongwane kunye nemiphumo yezinto ezinobuthi, umzekelo, i-pesticides, ke izizathu ze-idiopathic type 1 yesifo sikashukela asikasekwa.
Izizathu ezibalulekileyo zesifo
Ezi ziquka:
- Izifo ze-Genetic - izigulane ezinezihlobo ezinesifo sikashukela sinomngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuhlisa uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, kunye nokukwazi ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo, ukuba omnye wabazali uyagula, lifikelela kuma-9%.
- Ubungakanani - kubantu abanesisindo somzimba obuninzi kunye nenani elikhulu lamathambo e-adipose, ingakumbi kwisisu, uvakalelo lweethambo zomzimba kwi-insulin yehla kakhulu, oku kuququzelela ukuvela kwesifo sikashukela ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesondlo - ukutya kunye ne-carbohydrates eninzi kunye nokwehluleka kwe-fiber kuya kudala kukukhokelela ekutyepheni kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuhlakulela isifo sikashukela.
- Izimo ezixinzelelekileyo ezingapheliyo - ukufumana rhoqo kwimizimba yokuxinezeleka kuhamba kunye nokwanda kwexabiso le-adrenaline, i-glucocorticoids kunye ne-norepinephrine egazini, enenzuzo ekuphuhlisweni kwesifo sikashukela.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
Isifo senhliziyo esisisigxina esisexesha elide, i-atherosclerosis kunye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu unomncinci wokunciphisa ubukhulu beethambo kwi-insulin. Iimodemoni ze-glucocorticoid synthetic, ezinye iziyobisi ezichithwayo, i-diuretics, ikakhulukazi i-thiazide diuretics, iziyobisi ezichasayo zichaphazela isifo sikashukela.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni imbangela yokuphuhliswa kwesifo sikashukela, ukuxilongwa kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngamaqela amaninzi egazi ngegazi kwiintsuku ezahlukeneyo, ngokuqhuba uvavanyo lokunyamezela i-glucose kunye nokuqulatha umxholo we-hemoglobin enegazi.