Ukulinda umntwana kuyona xesha elivuyisayo nelonwabileyo lobomi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kuphazamiseka yiinkathazo ezahlukahlukeneyo ekuzalweni, ngaphambi kokuhamba okanye emva kokuhamba. Izinguqu ezininzi kwiimeko zempilo yengane zibizwa ngokuba yi-patinism ye-infantin. Ngaloo ndlela, le ngcamango idibanisa isifo sengqondo sokubeleka kunye nesifo sokubeleka emva kokuzalwa - oko kukuthi, amazwe awakhiwe kwisibeleko okanye emva kokuzalwa, ngokulandelanayo. Ezi zifo zibizwa ngokuba zizalwa.
Izifo ezithintekayo
Izifo ezibangelwa yiCongital are a large group of pathologies of the newborns and children of old age, echazwe ngamathambo okuphuhliswa kunye nokusebenza kwamalungu kunye neenkqubo.
Izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zesifo sokuzala zingenza baziwa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo wobomi bomntwana: ziyakwazi ukuzibonakalisa kwimimiselo yokuqala emva kokuzalwa okanye emva kweminyaka.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo ezenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa ziquka ininzi yemfuza kunye nokuguquka kwemizimba:
- isifo sokukrakra ikati;
- i-Patau syndrome;
- phenylketonuria ;
- Inkqubo ye-cardiovascular system - ngokukodwa oko kuthiwa "iintsilelo zeblue", apho kukho ukukhupha kwegazi ukusuka kwi-big to circle circle of circulation circulation nge-overload of circle circle and appearance of cyanosis.
Kwakhona, ukuphuhliswa kokungaqhelekanga kwenkqubo ye-musculoskeal kubonakala ngokukhawuleza: ukuchithwa kwamasipha kunye nezihlunu, amajoyina kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza. Eyona nto iphawulekayo yi-clubfoot, kokubili kokuzalwa kunye nangenxa ye- dysplasia yezihlanganisi ze-hip . I-Dysplasia ezinyangeni zokuqala zobomi yinto eqhelekileyo, ekubeni amathambo omntwana aphethwe ngumzimba kwaye ahamba kakhulu, kwaye amajoyina ayengakulungeli ukwenza yonke imisebenzi yawo.
Ukususela kwi-pathology yezitho zangaphakathi, abantwana baninzi banomqobo wokubeletha emathunjini omzimba, ngokuqhelekileyo kuhambelana nokungahlambuluki kwamathambo emathumbu emathumbu, kunye nokugqithiswa kwecandelo lesigxina sesisu esincinci kwisithintelo kwisayithi sokutshintshwa kwawo: inxalenye yesisu esincinci ngokusebenzisa i-sphincter encinci ixinzelelwe kwi-sphincter ene-sthincter kwaye igxininiswe yintsimbi ye-sphincter ring , kubangela ukuphazamiseka.
Zonke iintsholongwane ze-congenital kubantwana zifunyaniswa ngaba-neonatologists kwaye zonyango kumaziko aabantwana abakhethekileyo, kuxhomekeke kubuhlobo bentsholongwane kunye nexesha lokufunyanwa kwalo.