I-Erythrocytes ngamaseli egazi abomvu ajikeleza kwi-serum yegazi. Bathutha i-oksijini kunye nezondlo kwiisculi zomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, xa kwenzeka ukuphulwa, iiselom zegazi ezibomvu kumchamo nazo zinokwenzeka - ekukhulelwe, uphawu oluyisongelo.
Uhlobo lweHematuria
Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, umzimba wabasetyhini uvelele kwimithwalo enzima, uhlengahlengiso. Ukuphuhliswa okukhawulezayo kunye nokunyanisekileyo kwembungu, iinkqubo zezobugcisa zibonakaliswa yinkqubo engathandekiyo. Ngenxa yoko, ii-erythrocytes zivame ukubonakala kumchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu beempawu, ezi ntlobo ze-hematuria ziyahlukana:
- microhematuria;
- macrohematuria.
I-Microhematuria ifunyenwe nge-microscopy ye-sedine sediment, yindlela yebhubhoratri. Umchamo obonakalayo ugcina umbala wawo. Kwi-macrohematuria, i-admixtures yegazi, i-erythrocytes kumchamo, ngexesha lokukhulelwa lizimisele ukubonakala. Lo mzekelo uhlala ubalwa oogqirha njengophawu lwe-pathology. Imithombo ephambili yegazi kwi-macrohematuria yile:
- ibhanti;
- uretha;
- izintso.
Kukho olunye uhlobo lwe-hematuria ngokuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi ye-erythrocytes:
- buxoki;
- nyaniso.
Ubuxoki bamanga
Olu hlobo lentsholongwane luthi xa kubonakala i-erythrocytes kumchamo ngenxa yezizathu ezingahambelani nezifo kunye nezifo zengqondo. Kule meko, izinga le-erythrocytes kumchamo lihlala kwindawo eqhelekileyo. Umbala obomvu unikezelwa ezinye izinto, kungekhona ngeeseli zegazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umchamo unokufumana i-pink okanye i-hue ebomvu ngenxa yokuthatha ezinye iziyobisi okanye ukutya. Umzekelo, ukudliwa ngehora le-saladi yeebhunge kunokunika umchamo umbala ofanelekileyo.
Hematuria yangempela
I-hematuria yeyona nto ithetha xa iqondo eliphezulu le-erythrocytes kumchamo lichanekile. Ngolu hlobo oluneentsholongwane zesifo, iiseli zegazi zifumana unyango oluthile kwiibhola ze-renal, emva koko zidibanisa umchamo kwaye ziphume. Ukufumanisa isizathu esona sizathu, oogqirha banika uvavanyo olunzulu lomguli. I-hematuria yeyona nto ihlala idibaniswa ne-pathology ye-urinary system.
Ngendlela eyiyo ukunikela ngokuhlalutya umchamo xa ukhulelwa?
Ukufumana umphumo we-examination kunye nokuhlaziywa komchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kubonakalisa umfanekiso owenziweyo wento eyenzekayo, ibhinqa kufuneka ilandele imigaqo embalwa xa iqokelela isampuli yomchamo. Inyanzelekile phambi kokuba inkqubo yindlu yangasese yangaphandle. Ukuqokelela umchamo kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ekuseni.
Inkqubo ngokwayo kufuneka iphunyezwe ngale ndlela ilandelayo:
- Emva kokuhlamba, ukungena kwisini kuhlanganiswe ne-hygienic tampon.
- Ukuqokelela kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela isitsha esinyayo esinyayo kusengaphambili, kuyinqweneleka ukuthenga isitya sokuhlalutya kwikhemisi.
- Ukuqokelela isifundo somyinge omyinge we-urine kuphela, emva kokuvala imizuzwana emi-3-5 ukuya kwindlu yangasese.
- Ikhonkco isilwe ngokuqinileyo ngesiqhekeza kwaye ithunyelwe kwibhubhoratri ezimbini iiyure.
I-Erythrocytes emcinini ngexesha lokukhulelwa - okuqhelekileyo
Ngethuba lobunzima bomntwana, umzimba womfazi uphantsi komthwalo. Iinjongo ziqala ukusebenza kwimoya eqinisiweyo, ngenxa yeziphi iinkqubo zokucoca ezinokuphulwa. Ngenxa yoko, i-erythrocytes ivela kumchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwangoku. Oogqirha bamkela ubuncinane beeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwisampuli. Kule meko, isiqhelo se-erythrocytes emcimbini ngexesha lokukhulelwa sisetyenziswe kwiyunithi ye-microscope (umsebenzi webhabhi ulungisa iseli 1).
I-Erythrocytes kumchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa liphakanyisiwe
I-Hematuria iyaqhelekileyo kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Umsebenzi ogqirha oogqirha kulo mzekelo kukuba kusekwe indawo echanekileyo yenkqubo ye-pathological, imbangela ye-hematuria. Xa ibhinqa linama-erythrocytes amaninzi kumchamo wakhe ngexesha lokukhulelwa, le ndlela yokuxilongwa isetyenziswa nje ngokuba "uvavanyo lwesithathu". Ivumela ukuchonga indawo yokuvela kwamaseli obomvu. I-Urine iqokelelwa kwiingxowa ezi-3. Ngokuxhomekeke kwingxenye apho amaseli obomvu afunyanwa khona, ugqirha ubonisa izigqibo ezifanelekileyo:
- iiseli zegazi kwisahlulo sokuqala - zibethelwa yi-urethra;
- Kwiyesibini, izibilini okanye izintso zichaphazelekayo;
- kwisithathu - isilwanyana.
I-Erythrocytes kwimvini ngexesha lokukhulelwa - izizathu
Ukubonakala kwimvini eyimfihlo yamaseli obomvu ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubonisa ubukho bokuvuvukala okanye ukusuleleka kwindlela yerogenital. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukwanda kwe-erythrocytes kumchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuhamba kunye:
- intlungu kwisisu esisezantsi, kumqolo osezantsi ;
- isilawuli;
- ukungakhathazeki nokutshisa xa uchama;
- ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa;
- buthathaka;
- intloko.
Ukuxilongwa kwiimeko ezinjalo kubonisa ugqirha kuphela. Phakathi kweziphazamiso eziqhelekileyo apho i-hematuria ibonakala kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo, izizathu zesi sifo zingaba ngale ndlela:
- i-cystitis ;
- glomerulonephritis;
- pyelonephritis;
- usulelo lwegciwane lomzimba.
Oogqirha bayalumkisa ukuba kungekhona kuphela izifo zesistim se-urinary kunokuthi kubekho i-hematuria - izizathu zifihla kwizifo ezifanayo, ezifana:
- ngxinzelelo lwegazi;
- diathesis;
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi ;
- aneurysms yemitha yegazi;
- isifo sikashukela.
I-Erythrocytes emanzini ngexesha lokukhulelwa - unyango
I-erythrocyte ephakamileyo emcimbini ngexesha lokukhulelwa lizathu loviwo olubanzi loomama ozayo kunye nokusekwa kwesizathu. Ubunzima bonyango ngenxa yokwephulwa okunjalo kubangelwa ukungavumeleki kokusebenzisa ezinye iziyobisi ngexesha lokugonywa. Ukunyangwa kwezifo kufuneka kuphuhliswe kuphela ngugqirha emva kokuseka isizathu esona. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuzimeleyo kwamachiza kunokuchaphazela kakubi impilo yemama kunye nomntwana. Ukufunyaniswa kwezilwanyana zonyango kudinga ukuhlala esibhedlele.
Ukukhethwa kwezidakamizwa kwenziwa, ngokokubangela ukubonakala kwe-erythrocytes kumchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuba ubukho babo bubangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi kwangaphakathi, izidakamizwa ze-haemostatic zinokumiselwa:
- Dicycin;
- Vikasol;
- i-aminocaproic acid.
Ulwaphulo lwenziwa ngokuqwalasela ubunzima be-pathology kunye nobude bokukhulelwa. Oogqirha bazama ukusebenzisa ubuncinci bezilwanyana kwi-trimester yokuqala, njengoko oku kunokuchaphazela kakubi ukukhula komntwana. Xa kukho izikhonkwane kwi-ureter okanye urethra, i-antispasmodics isetyenziswa:
- Spazmalgon;
- Drotaverine;
- Papaverine;
- Kodwa-shpa.
Ukuba ukuveliswa okuzimeleyo kwelitye kunzima, sebenzisa i-cystoscopy okanye utyando olusakhulayo kwinqanaba elide. Ukulimala kweentso, kuhamba kunye nokuhlukana kwezicubu, ukwakheka kweempawu ze-hematomas, macrogematuria, umbala womchamo obomvu obomvu, kufuna unonophelo lotyando oluphuthumayo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukulondolozwa kobomi bowesifazane okhulelweyo kuza kuqala. Xa kuhlanganiswe i-hematuria neproteinuria kunokufuna ukusebenzisa i-corticosteroids.