Isifo esinjengokuba i-autism, kubantwana, ihlala ibonakala ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe iminyaka emithathu ubudala. Kwezinye iimeko kunokwenzeka ukukrokra ubukho besi sifo kusebuntwaneni, kodwa oku akunakwenzeka njalo. Izizathu zokubangela ukuba abantwana bazalwe nge-autism aziqondi kakuhle. Iingcamango ezininzi ezinokuthi ezinye izazi zicebise azizange ziqinisekiswe ngenxa yezilingo ezahlukeneyo zeklinikhi.
Ukuzalwa okusemthethweni kwintsana enesifo esibi kakhulu kuchazwa yimimiselo yendalo. Okwangoku, umntwana ongu-autistic angazalwa ngisho nabazali abaphilileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntwana ogulayo uzalwa ngenxa yokukhulelwa okungathandekiyo okanye ukulimala ngexesha lokubeletha. Kule nqaku, siza kukuxelela indlela yokumelana ne-autism kumntwana, nokuba ingaba le sigulo sinokuphiliswa.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Autism kwaBantwana
Ukumisela esi sifo kumntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Akukho zihlalutyo zonyango kunye nezifundo, okanye uvavanyo olulodwa lwe-autism kubantwana. Ukwenza izigqibo malunga nobukho beziphene ezithile ekuphuculweni kwengqondo kubantwana kunokwenzeka kuphela kwiinkqubo zokubeka esweni rhoqo ukuziphatha kunye nokuqhagamshelana nabantu abakujikelezile.
Ukucacisa le ngxaki emntwaneni, kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya zonke iimpawu zayo zokuziphatha. Njengomthetho, phambi kwe-autism kubantwana, iimpawu ezininzi ezilandelayo zigcinwa kanyekanye:
Ukuphuhliswa kwentetho kunye nokungabonisi kuthetha kuthetha, ngokukodwa:
- akukho zibonakaliso kunye nesimo somzimba esisebenzayo, kwezinye iimeko nokuba intetho;
- Umntwana uzama ukungakhangeli emehlweni omnxibelelwano, engafaneki ukumemeza ngokubuya;
- inkunzi ayikwazi ukuthetha nabanye abantwana;
- udla ngokuphindaphinda amazwi athetha, angayi kubhekisela kule meko ngandlela-thile;
- kwintetho yomntwana kukho iingxaki ngezwi okanye isigqi, i-monotony eyinqaba.
Ukuphululwa kophuhliso lwezakhono zentlalo, oku:
- akukho mnqweno wokuthetha kunye nokuba ngabahlobo kunye noontanga;
- umntwana uyayigatya ngokupheleleyo imvakalelo, imeko kunye nokuba khona kwabanye abantu, kuquka nabazali;
- ayiboni isidingo sokuxelela abanye iingxaki zakhe;
- Ngokuqhelekileyo akaxelisi abanye abantu, akaphindaphindi ukuhamba.
Ukuphuhliswa kwengcamango kuphazamiseka, kuluhlu lwezinto ezithandayo. Ingabonakala ngale ndlela:
- ukuziphatha okubi, okungaqhelekanga, okungaqhelekanga;
- umntwana akahlali eguquka ngokukhawuleza kwimeko. Xa uhamba okanye ezinye iimeko ezifanayo, abahlaziyi baqala;
- Uninzi lwexesha lebhokhwe lidlala naye, kuzo zonke iimeko zikhetha ukuhlala yedwa;
- Akayaphupha, akayi kuveza, kwaye akabonakalisi nantoni na kwimicimbi eyenziwa ngumntu;
- kakhulu kunamathele kwisifundo esithile, kubandakanywa nesifiso esingenakunqwenela ukuyigcina esandleni sakhe sonke ixesha;
- ihlala igxila kwinto enye kuphela;
- soloko evakalelwa ukuphindaphinda amaninzi afanayo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, le miqondiso ibonakaliswe ebusheni, de kube umntwana eneminyaka emithathu ubudala. Njengomthetho, kwimeko enjalo, umntwana ufumanisa ukuba "unobuntwaneni bokuqala buntwaneni ", nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iintlobo ze-autism kubantwana, njengale:
- I-Aspenger syndrome ngumhlobo wesifo apho intetho kunye nengqiqo zigcinwe kakhulu. Njengomthetho, ngabazali kuphela kunye neentsapho ezikufutshane ezikwaziyo ngokugula kwaba bantwana abanjalo.
Ukujikeleza ukusuka kwicala akuboni naluphi na ukubonakalisa kwesi sifo; - I-Rett syndrome ngumhlobo we-autism ohlala usebenza ngamandla kwaye ukhokelela ekukhubazekeni okanye ekufeni ngokukhawuleza. Kuvele kuphela kumantombazana kwaye akukho ndlela ibonakalisa ubuncinane ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-18.
Ngaba i-autism kubantwana baphathwa?
Ngelishwa, lesi sifo asize siphulukiswe kubantwana ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, xa iimpawu zokuqala zokugula zifunyenwe, oogqirha bathatha inyathelo kwaye bahlala befumana ukulungelelaniswa kweentlalo zomntu. Kwezinye iimeko, ngekhondo elincinane le-autism, umntwana uqala ukusebenzisana ngokuphumelelayo nabanye aze afumane ubukho obuqhelekileyo.