Abaphikisi be-calcium babizwa njengeqela elincomekayo lezilwanyana ezinokuthi zithinte ukuthuthwa kwezi zinto ngokusebenzisa iziteshi ezikhethekileyo kwiiseli ezihamba kakuhle. I-Cardiologists zisebenzisa le michiza ngokunyanisekileyo. Bancedisa ekwenzeni izifo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yempembelelo yabo esebenzayo, ukuveliswa kwezibhengezo zokungena kwe-calcium kuthathwa njengenye yeempembelelo eziphambili kwi-pharmacology kwikhulu le-20.
Inkqubo yesenzo se-calcium
Ion i-calcium ibaluleke kakhulu kumzimba. Benza inxaxheba kwiinkqubo ezininzi zobomi. Ngokukhawuleza xa iinqununu zingena kwiiseli, iinkqubo zenziwa, ngenxa yokuba imisebenzi yamaselula yomzimba iyafezwa. Ukuba i-i-calcium ions ibe kakhulu, i-cellular metabolism isenokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ngokuchasene nale mvelaphi, imfuno yezicubu kwi-oksijini kunye nezondlo ziya kwanda. Kwaye oku, kukhokelela ekutshintsheni okutshatyalazayo.
I-Antagonists ye-i-calcium ions iyanciphisa ingqalelo kwaye ayivumeli ukuba iincinci zingene kwi-extracellular space kwiiseli. Ziyakhuthaza nokunyuswa kwe-vasodilation kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
Ngabe ziphi na iintshaba ze-calcium?
- I- angospastic angina, i- calcium channel blockers isebenza ngokukodwa. Njengoko uqeqesho lubonisa, ukuxhatshazwa kukuthintela ngakumbi kunokuba nayiphi na enye indlela.
- I-Antagonists iyanciphisa ngokukhawuleza uxinzelelo, ngoko ke ngaphandle kwabo kunzima kakhulu ukujamelana neengxaki kwixinzelelo .
- Ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kukuxilongo. Amachiza avimba izitishi ze-calcium ukunyanga zichazwe, kodwa azincede wonke umntu.
- Ukulungelelanisa-abaphikisi bee-calcium ions abazange babonakalise kakubi kumzabalazo wokulwa kwakhona kwezinto eziphambanisayo ze-myocardial. Ukujamelana nokuxilwa kwamachiza akuyona into enhle kakhulu, kodwa kwixesha emva kokuba inzima iphumelele.
- Izigulane ezine-angina pectoris ezingaqinisekanga zichanekile nge-calcium blockers ikakhulukazi ne-metoprolol. Olu dibana lunempembelelo enhle kumzimba.
Uluhlu lweziyobisi zecalcium
Iingcali zihlula amaqela amathathu awona mayeza:
- Iziphumo ze-phenylalkylamines "zaqala" ngeVerapamil. Amachiza ale qela angathintela zombini izicubu ze-muscle zenhliziyo kunye neempahla. Azinqweneli ukudibanisa ne-beta-blockers, kuba kulo mzekelo i-myocardium iya kuba nempembelelo emibini, ngenxa yoko kuqhutyelwa i-atrioventricular conduction.
- I-derihyative yokuqala ye-dihydropyridine yayinguNifedipine. Injongo ephambili yeliyobisi yinto eyenziwa yi-vasodilator. Uluhlu lwabaphikisi be-calcium yeqela lesibini lubonakaliswe ngenyathelo lokukhetha. Okokuqala, iziyobisi zichaphazela iirriyari ze-coronary. Kwaye akukho phantse ziphumo.
- Eli liqela lokugqibela liquka i-benzothiazepine derivatives, okwangoku kuphela emele iMiltiazem.
Kukho amanye amachiza-calcium. Ezona zidumileyo kwaye zisebenzayo zi:
- Finoptin;
- Baypress;
- Lomir;
- Clentiazem;
- Gallopamil;
- Felodipine;
- Nitrendipine;
- Lacidipine;
- Lercanidipine;
- Israel;
- Corinfar;
- Cordaflex;
- Osmo-Adalat;
- Kordafen;
- Amlotop;
- Norvasc;
- Plandil;
- Stamlo;
- Dilren;
- Iifayile;
- Altiazem.
Zonke izithinteli ze-calcium azikhuthazwa ukuba zilawulwe nge-intramuscularly, zimele zisetyenziswe kuphela nge-intravenously. Amachiza angabangela ukuphambana okungalawulwayo kwemisipha, okuyiyo, njengomthetho, inamandla kakhulu kwaye ide. Oku kukhokelela ekuhanjisweni kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokufa kwezicubu.