- Idilesi: Nevado del Ruiz, Villamaría, Caldas, eColombia
- Ubukhulu ngaphezu kweselwandle: 5311 m
- Ukugqitywa kokugqibela: 2016.
Kwintsimi yaseColombia yiyiphi enye intaba-mlilo eyingozi kunazo zonke, ebizwa ngeNevado del Ruiz (El Mesa de Herveo) okanye i-Ruiz nje. Unalo uhlobo olunamacwecwe, uhlobo oluthile lwe-conical kwaye luqukethe inani elikhulu le-tephra, i-ash kunye ne-lava eqinile.
Ulwazi jikelele
Kwintsimi yaseColombia yiyiphi enye intaba-mlilo eyingozi kunazo zonke, ebizwa ngeNevado del Ruiz (El Mesa de Herveo) okanye i-Ruiz nje. Unalo uhlobo olunamacwecwe, uhlobo oluthile lwe-conical kwaye luqukethe inani elikhulu le-tephra, i-ash kunye ne-lava eqinile.
Ulwazi jikelele
Ngaphambi kokuba uye eKolombia, abakhenkethi bayazibuza ukuba yiyiphi i-volcano yaseRuiz - iyasebenza okanye iphela. Intaba igcina umsebenzi wayo iminyaka eyi-2 yezigidi. Ukuqhuma kokugqibela kwenzeka apha ngo-2016. Kwindawo yengozi, kukho abantu abangaphezu kwamawaka angama-500 abahlala kwiindawo ezikufutshane.
Ukuze uphendule umbuzo we-Volcano ye-Ruiz, umntu kufuneka abheke kwimephu yehlabathi. Kubonisa ukuba ummandla obalaseleyo ukhona kumntla-ntshona yeColombia, kufuphi neBototá . Itholakala kwi-Andes (Central Cordillera), kunye nenqaku layo liphezulu lihlanganiswe ngamaqhwala kwaye lifikelela kumqondiso we-5311 m ngaphezu kwinqanaba lolwandle.
I-Ruiz i-Ring Ring, equka iindawo ezininzi eziqhutywayo zeplanethi yethu. Kwakhiwa kwinqanaba lokutshintshiswa kwaye libonakaliswe ukukhuphuka kohlobo lwePlinian. Zine-pyroclastic flow which can melt the ice and form Lahars, eziyimifudlana yobumba, udaka namatye.
Inkcazo ye-volcano
I-Ruiz cone idibanisa i-5vava yasekhaya eyavela ngexesha lezinto zangaphambili. Bonke bahlala kwindawo engama-200 square meters. km. Phezulu kwintaba-mlilo yi-Arenas eyinqanaba, ububanzi bayo buyi-1 km, kwaye ubunzulu buyi-240 m. Iintlambo apha zihamba, i-angle ye-inclination yabo i-20-30 °. Zihlanganiswe ngamahlathi amakhulu kunye namachibi.
Indawo yaseRuiz ihlala kwiNational Park Los Nevados , enomthombo omkhulu wamanzi amanzi. Ubomi bezilwanyana kunye nezilwanyana ze-volcano ziyahluka ngokuphakama. Apha ungayifumana:
- iidraf;
- mahlathi;
- iimbotyi, i-laurel kunye nemithi yelitha.
Ukususela kwiimfuyo ezikuyo kwintsimi enikeziweyo kunokwenzeka ukubona i-tapir, ibhere elikhangeleleneyo, i-Ervei jarlequin kunye neentsuku ezingama-27 eziphilayo eziphilayo. Iintaba ezungezile zisetyenziselwa ukukhulisa ikhofi, ingqolowa, umkhombe kunye nezilwanyana zasefama.
Imimandla ixhaphake kakhulu apha. Ngokuqala uRiiz wenyuka ngo-1936, kunye nabadlali be-2 abavela eJalimane baqanjwa ngokuthi uA A. Grasser kunye no-V. Kaneto bangayinqoba. Emva kokubuya kwe-glacier, kwaba lula kakhulu.
Iziphulo ezibhubhisayo
Kuyo yonke imbali yayo, i-volcano yaseRuiz sele isebenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngethuba lokuqala, ukuqhuma kwenzeke ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-1.8 yezigidi edlulileyo. Ukususela ngoko, kukho amaxesha amathathu aphezulu:
- kuqala;
- ubudala;
- namhlanje.
Ngowe-1985, iColombia yaqhuma i-volcano yaseRuiz, ekubhekwa njengona yingozi kunazo zonke eMzantsi Melika. Kwaqala ngobusuku kaNovemba 13, i-tephra ye-dacitic yaphonswa emoyeni kwindawo ephakamileyo malunga ne-30 km. Ubuninzi beemitha kunye nempahla ehambelana nayo yayingama toni ezigidi ezingama-35.
Ukuqhuma kwe-Lava kudibanisa i-glaciers kwaye kwakhiwa ii-Lahars ezi-4, ezithe zawela phantsi kweentaba zentaba-mlilo kwisantya se-60 km / h. Batshathisa yonke into endleleni yabo kwaye bayitshabalalisa idolophu yaseArmedero. Ngethuba lokuqhuma, abantu abangaphezu kwama-23,000 bafa kwaye abantu abangaba ngu-5 000 balimala ngokungafani. Le ngenye yeentlekele ezinkulu zendalo kwimbali yethu.
Ngomhla kaMeyi 2016, kwakubakho ukuqhuma kwe-volcano yaseRuiz. Ikholam yomlotha ephakanyiselwe esibhakabhakeni nge-2.3 km. Akukho mntu wabulawa wabhalwa.
Ndingafika njani?
I-volcano yaseRuiz ihlala kwintsimi yamasebe amabini: Tolima kunye neCaldas. Ukufikelela kuyo kulungeleke kuphela ukusuka kwisixeko saseManzales kumgwaqo omkhulu I-Letras-Manizales / Vía Panamericana kunye neVía al Parque Nacional Los Nevados. Umgama ngowama-40 km.