Uxinzelelo lwe-intracranial liyingxaki yengqondo kunye ne-cerebral fluid (CSF). Ukunyuka kwindleko ye-cerebrospinal fluid kwisithuba sangaphakathi kubangele ukwanda kweengcinezelo zengcinezelo, ezibonakaliswa ngokuphulwa komnatha wesintu, ukutshintsha kwezityalo, ukutshintsha kwetoni ye-muscle, njalonjalo.
Ukongeza kwinto yokuba ukutshintshwa kweenguqu kwiingcinezelo ezingenakunyangeko kumnandi kwaye kuphazamise ubomi obuqhelekileyo, ukwanda kwoluphawu kubonisa ukuba kukho nasiphi na isifo okanye ingxaki. Utshintsho lokunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo kumntwana luyakunciphisa ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo, ngoko ke ukuba kukho ukungaqhelekanga, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nodokotela ngokukhawuleza kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo.
Iimbangela zokunyuka kwengcinezelo ebantwini kubantwana
Ukwandiswa kwengcinezelo yengcinezelo kumntwana inokuba yimizuzu emfutshane (ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-atmospheric okanye i-ARI, umzekelo), kwaye lide (xa kukho izizathu ezinzulu).
Izizathu zokuphazamiseka kwexesha elide kwi-cerebrospinal fluid kunye ne-cerebral ibanga:
- i-craniocerebral trauma (ekubelekeni, kunye nezivalo kunye nokuwa);
- izifo (incephalitis kunye ne-meningitis);
- ukukhubazeka kweendonga zeenqanawa, ezikhokelela ekuphuculeni ukuhamba kwe-cerebrospinal fluid ukusuka kwimikhumbi ukuya kwingqondo nasemva;
- ukukhutshwa kwendlela ephumayo ye-cerebrospinal fluid (umz., kwi-tumors);
- i-hypoxia;
- ukuxiliswa (ukutyhefuza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo);
- ukungavuthwa kwenkqubo yeentambo (isisombululo esisisiseko sokunyuka kwengcinezelo enganyanzelekanga kubantwana ukuya kunyaka).
Iimpawu zokunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo ebantwini kubantwana
Iimpawu zokunyuswa kwengcinezelo ebantwini kubandakanya ukubonakaliswa oku:
- intloko;
- intlungu emva kweziseko zamehlo;
- isangqa phantsi kwamehlo;
- ukudibanisa kwemifanekiso ebonakalayo;
- ukoyika;
- isicaphulo kunye nokuhlanza;
- imemori encinci kunye nokunciphisa ingqwalasela.
Kwakhona ukuxilongwa kokunyuka kwengcinezelo engaphezu komntwana, ngaphezu kweemviwo ze-neurological, unokuncoma i-MRI yengqondo, uviwo lwe-fundus, i-radiography yamathambo e -kull, i-lumbar puncture.
Ekubeni abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye abanakukwazi ukwabelana ngamava abo baze bathethe ngokukodwa oko bakhathazeke ngako, ngaphezu kwe-diagnostic changes in the brain using the ultrasound (neurosonography) nge-fontanel engabhalwanga. Iimpawu ezingabonakaliyo zokunyuka kwengcinezelo ezincinci kwiintsana zibandakanya ukwandiswa kweengcambu ze-ventricles yengqondo, ezityhilelwe kwi-ultrasound, ukwanda kwe-septa.
Iimpawu zokunyuka kwengcinezelo enganyangekiyo kumntwana osweleyo kukungabikho kweengcamango ezithile okanye ubukho bentsholongwane. Ngokufanayo, ithoni engalinganiyo yomzimba womntwana, ukunyamezela kwakhe okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, i-hypertonicity, ingabonisa ukungaqhelekanga kohlalutyo lwe-cerebrospinal fluid.
Indlela yokulinganisela uxinzelelo lwe-intracranial kumntwana?
Kukho indlela echanekileyo yokulinganisa ukunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo. Ngenxa yale njongo, inaliti ekhethekileyo ene-manometer edibaniswe nayo ifakwe kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo zeckull okanye umgudu wamagxa. Kodwa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wokunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo ngenxa yokuxakeka kwenkqubo kwaye ingozi yokulimala kwe-neural ayisetyenziswa.
Unyango lweengcinezelo zengcinezelo kubantwana
Xa unyango lweengcinezelo zengcinezelo, kubalulekile ukuqeda imbangela yokuphulwa kwayo. Njengonyango olumqondiso,
Ukuba isizathu sinobuchule bokungagcini kwenkqubo ye-nervous, umntwana unqunywe amalungiselelo e-vitamin, iinkqubo zomzimba, i-pool ukuqinisa isakhelo se-muscular, ukuphucula umjikelezo wegazi kuwo wonke umzimba, uhambe emoyeni omtsha.
Ukuba imbangela yokuphuma embi kwe-cerebrospinal fluid evela kwiindawo eziphakathi kunye nezicubu zifakwe kwi-tumor okanye i-hematoma, eyona nto ingathintela, unyango oluchanekileyo luyalelwe ukuba lususwe. Ngokufanayo, usebenziso luya kubakho ukuba kukho umkhiqizo ogqithiseleyo we-cerebrospinal fluid. Kule meko, i-overpass yenziwe, ukwenzela ukuba ukugqithisa okugqithiseleyo ukusuka kwingqondo ngokubheja kwiphubhu kugxothwa kwisisu esiswini okanye kwintliziyo.